Katharine Hepburn

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A fiery Scots-Yankee known for her intelligence, humor and iron determination, Katharine Hepburn demonstrated remarkable staying power in a screen career that spanned more than six decades, winning three of her four Best Actress Oscars after the age of 60. Credit must go to her extraordinary parents, a noted urologist father, who at great professional risk brought the facts about venereal disease to a wider public, and his dedicated suffragette wife (an early champion of birth control), for providing an eccentric and genteel upbringing stressing Spartan physical discipline. Out of their Connecticut crucible emerged a strong-minded, outspoken, original who would become one of the nation's most admired and beloved actresses. Hepburn did it more on brains than beauty, though she was certainly not unattractive, and her strength of character, high moral fiber and regal poise were enduring qualities that continued to bring her choice parts as she aged. After graduating from Bryn Mawr College in 1928, Hepburn embarked on a stage career, making her professional debut as a lady-in-waiting in a Baltimore stock production of "The Czarina". By November of 1928 she was attracting attention on Broadway as a wealthy schoolgirl in "These Days", but her next few years on the boards passed relatively uneventfully except for her penchant for clashing with directors and crews, resulting in her dismissal from projects. It was an updating of "Lysistrata", Broadway's "The Warrior's Husband" (1932), that led to a film contract with RKO, and Typhoon Kate blew into Hollywood, intent on turning it on its ear, alienating almost everyone with her arrogance. Despite thinking her antics "subcollegiate idiotic", director George Cukor cast Hepburn in her first film, "A Bill of Divorcement" (1932), and his great discovery would pay back his trust and generosity in a collaboration encompassing eight features and two TV-movies, containing some of her finest work for the screen. The young Hepburn was a creature of enormous imaginative potency and showy breeding, whose magically compelling performance as a stage-struck young girl in her third movie, "Morning Glory" (1933), brought her the first of her four Oscars (in a record 12 nominations). Some of her early roles in pictures like Cukor's "Little Women" (1933) and Gregory La Cava's "Stage Door" (1937), both depicting women in mutually supportive relationships, anticipated feminist concerns. Cukor's "Sylvia Scarlett" (1936), in which Hepburn disguises herself as a boy throughout most of the movie, was perhaps the most notable early example of the androgyny that runs through Hepburn's career and a groundbreaking film for its undermining of socially constructed norms of femininity and masculinity.

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