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Heart of darkness as a symbolic novel
The analysis of heart of darkness by joseph conrad
Impact of colonialism on african culture
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Recommended: Heart of darkness as a symbolic novel
Joseph Conrad's The Heart of Darkness Written by Joseph Conrad in the early 20th century, "The Heart of
Darkness" is a short and yet fantastic novel, which reveals the
darkest sides of human nature. The story takes place in the mystical
and savage jungle of Congo, where the European civilization and its
devastating imperialism mixes with primitive cultures of our history,
creating a disturbing environment like no other. The simple and
ignorant minds are filled with fear while all their superior relatives
know is conquest, ivory, greed, money and authority.
Marlow's journey takes him up the Congo River, which is surrounded by
a thick and endless jungle filled with mystery and savage surprises.
Africa is currently at the peak of its European conquest as it remains
quite uncivilized and yet ruled by the white men. This tension can be
felt in the air, as Marlow describes the jungle atmosphere as in
"thick, moist, hot, unbearable and heavy." The dense growth in the
jungle makes it extremely dark and the river is brown from the dirt
that is swirled around. The strange and primitive appearances, actions
and screams of the natives in the grip of the "civilized" and
developed white men makes the setting that more disturbing.
Mixing two opposite mentalities is similar to mixing of two colors
like white and black. The white color shines in its brightness and
purity until just a few drops of black can poison and darken its
surface. The dominant black quickl...
... middle of paper ...
... being "high", Kurtz frequently
got lost in the jungle for weeks, where he wondered around finding
ivory and terrorizing anybody and anything in his way, satisfying his
hunger and desires from his dark and infected mind. Just before he
dies, Kurtz screams, "horror, horror!" He realizes the evil that has
overtaken him, and how it slowly destroyed and killed his mind.
After Kurtz's death Marlow returns back to Europe, however, he would
never again look at people as he did before. He feels like the common
public is ignorant of the little thorns living within them; just
waiting to be watered and grow into dark poisonous wines that could
twist and strangle through anybody. Kurtz continues to live in Marlow,
and would remind him of the terror and horror, hidden in the heart of
the jungle and in the heart of each one of us.
Watts, Cedric. 'Heart of Darkness.' The Cambridge Companion to Joseph Conrad. Ed. J.H. Stape. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 45-62.
Joseph Conrad’s novel, Heart of Darkness, is told in a narrative frame, which is one of the contributions to the complexity of the novel. Conrad employs an unknown narrator who tells the outside picture and Marlo, who tells the inside picture of the novel. Marlow narrates the darkness of the novel as he ventures of into the Congo River as an employee for “The Company” where he collects ivory and meets Kurtz. Upon Marlo’s adventure Conrad employs an extension of incredibly ambiguous, as well as blatantly obvious symbols. Conrad’s usage of symbols exemplifies the pervasiveness of darkness, ambiguity, and a destructive factor of colonization.
Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness and the Secret Sharer. United States of America. Bantam Books. 1902.
One example that could be considered racist is in Chapter one. In this paragraph, Joseph Conrad is talking about how the Europeans are colonizing Africa and what they are doing to the natives in the process. He says that the Europeans are at fault for many things, including extremely violent robbery and the murders of numerous people. He is speaking about the reality of colonization and how in the end, countries will only care about making money off of it. He said they accomplish this by using “brute force,” which obviously means violence and killing. The European countries wanted to take away Africa from those who had “a different complexion or slightly flatter noses.” Up until this point, it does not seem as if Conrad is using any racist ideas. However, he then goes on to say that all of this is acceptable because it will be worth it in the end. In other words, he was trying to say that the end will justify the means, no matter how many innocent people must be hurt in the process (page 8).
Civility, civilization and civilize, are they and could they be man’s defense against the power and mystery of nature and the primal nature of himself? When man lives away from refinement and education and is living in the natural habitat of sea, jungle, and forest, there can be seen a tragedy of a warrior, in the destruction of nature and himself.
Friedrich Nietzsche once provided one of the truest opinions on power that the world has ever heard when he said, “All things are subject to interpretation whichever interpretation prevails at a given time is a function of power and not truth”. The promises and truths that those who gain power spread to their people are not always for the greater good. The worst leaders of people are the ones that put more effort and thought into jerking off their own ego rather than putting any real heartfelt effort into helping their people. These sociopathic evil dictators use their power to try and brainwash the minds of people who have to live under them with their own beliefs and hidden agendas, foolishly believing that they are a “savior”. There has yet to be a situation with a leader of a community who has this type of unchecked power and influence with a happy ending. Perhaps the greatest story ever written about good vs. evil, madness, abuse of power along with influence, and nature just might be Heart of Darkness. Heart of Darkness, written by Joseph Conrad tells the story of an agent named Marlow, who experiences hellish conditions and behaviors whilst trying to rescue a man named Kurtz, who turns out to be quite a handful. Throughout this journey the moral ramifications of both Kurtz and Marlow’s actions are left to be interpreted by the audience after Kurtz goes mad and becomes the catalyst of the events that transpire throughout the plot. Conrad uses his real life events along with themes of greed, power, and obsession to show what causes Kurtz who acts a symbol for the leaders of the real world to go mad and abuse power.
Throughout its entirety, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness utilizes many contrasts and paradoxes in an attempt to teach readers about the complexities of both human nature and the world. Some are more easily distinguishable, such as the comparison between civilized and uncivilized people, and some are more difficult to identify, like the usage of vagueness and clarity to contrast each other. One of the most prominent inversions contradicts the typical views of light and dark. While typically light is imagined to expose the truth and darkness to conceal it, Conrad creates a paradox in which darkness displays the truth and light blinds us from it.
The novel, Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, is literally about Marlow’s journey into the Belgian Congo, but symbolically about the discovery of his heart and soul during his journey, only to find that it is consumed by darkness. He realizes that the man he admired and respected most, is really demonic and that he may be just like him. He is able to come to this realization however, before it takes the best of him.
The child’s game had ended. After I nearly ran Kurtz over, we stood facing each other. He was unsteady on his feet, swaying like the trees that surrounded us. What stood before me was a ghost. Each layer of him had been carved away by the jungle, until nothing remained. Despite this, his strength still exceeded that of my own. With the tribal fires burning so close, one shout from him would unleash his natives on me. But in that same realization, I felt my own strength kindle inside me. I could just as easily muffle his command and overtake him. The scene flashed past my eyes as though I was remembering not imagining. The stick that lay two feet from me was beating down on the ghost, as my bloodied hand strangled his cries. My mind abruptly reeled backwards as I realized what unspeakable dark thoughts I had let in. Kurtz seemed to understand where my mind had wandered; it was as though the jungle’s wind has whispered my internal struggles to him. His face twisted into a smile. He seemed to gloat and enjoy standing by to watch my soul begin to destroy itself.
* Conrad, Joseph. “Heart of Darkness” in The Norton Anthology of English Literature, M.H. Abrams, general editor. (London: W.W. Norton, 1962, 2000)
Without personal access to authors, readers are left to themselves to interpret literature. This can become challenging with more difficult texts, such as Joseph Conrad’s novella Heart of Darkness. Fortunately, literary audiences are not abandoned to flounder in pieces such as this; active readers may look through many different lenses to see possible meanings in a work. For example, Conrad’s Heart of Darkness may be deciphered with a post-colonial, feminist, or archetypal mindset, or analyzed with Freudian psycho-analytic theory. The latter two would effectively reveal the greater roles of Kurtz and Marlow as the id and the ego, respectively, and offer the opportunity to draw a conclusion about the work as a whole.
Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness 3rd Ed. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton Critical, 1988.
The "Heart of Darkness," written by Joseph Conrad in 1899 as a short story, is about two men who face their own identities as what they consider to be civilized Europeans and the struggle to not to abandon their themselves and their morality once they venture into the "darkness." The use of "darkness" is in the book's title and in throughout the story and takes on a number of meanings that are not easily understood until the story progresses. As you read the story you realize that the meaning of "darkness" is not something that is constant but changes depending on the context it used.
Modernism began as a movement in that late 19th, early 20th centuries. Artists started to feel restricted by the styles and conventions of the Renaissance period. Thusly came the dawn of Modernism in many different forms, ranging from Impressionism to Cubism.
Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness 3rd ed. Ed. Robert Kimbrough. New York: Norton Critical, 1988.