Many twin studies have also shown results that genetically identical twins (MZ) have a greater number of inheriting depression than non-identical twins (DZ). For instance an experiment carried out by Prince in 1968 expected that MZ twins would have a higher concordance for depression compared to DZ twins. Results found were that the MZ twins who were raised in the same environment/family showed a concordance of 68% and DZ twins had a lower concordance of 28% for bipolar disorder only. This is evidenc...
How adoption and twin studies have influenced the “nature verses nurture debate” has been a focal point for many researchers and people around the world which has caused controversy and many views regarding the topic. “Twin studies look into behaviour in identical and none identical twins and adoption studies separate the effect of nature from nurture, or at least do more successfully than twin studies.” ("The Usefullness of Twin Studies and Adoption Studies | psuea7", 2011, p.1) These studies are used to provide plenty of strong and reliable evidence that and positively influence the Nature vs. Nurture debate. “The Nature vs. Nurture debate is the scientific, cultural, and philosophical debate about whether human culture, behaviour, and personality are caused primarily by nature or nurture. Nature is often defined in this debate as genetic or hormone-based behaviours, while nurture is most commonly defined as environment and experience.” (("Nature vs. Nurture", 2014, p.1) Many controversial debates have surrounded this issue and many researchers are trying to find evidence to justify if twin and adoption studies have an effect on the nature vs. nurture debate. Twin and adoption studies have had a positive influence on the nature-nurture debate because research and evidence has identified different issues and quality information to help the nature-nurture debate evolve. This essay will outline these positive influences and will elaborate on the research and evidence that has helped the nature-nurture debate. The three influences of twin and adoption studies that will be discussed are the influence of researching the affects of behavioural issues such as schizophrenia, the influence of undergoing research on the drinking affects an...
Dr. Eileen Pearlman says that “The separation and individuation process begins early in life, and for some twins it takes longer than others as not only do twins need to learn to separate and individuate from their mothers but they also have to learn to separate and individuate from each other.” The constant comparison from individuals looking into their life can make this harder for twins. People need to understand that with being a twin there are advantages but also disadvantages. People and even family members of twins can fail to realize this. The figment of people's imagination is that twins get along, have similar tastes, and are the exactly alike, almost the same
Over the last couple of decades scientist, psychologist, and people have questioned over the idea, and the stereo typical question of nature versus nurture. Using twin studies, scientist have been given the understanding that the environment and heredity influence their behavior development. With using the adoption in twin studies, the doctors and scientists have been able to tell the extent to which the resemblance and families is due to the jeans that are shared and due to the environment that is shared. Because of the jeans that are identical carried by the monozygotic twins, identical twins, there has been a great appeal to most scientists and doctors. Psychologist have been able to link the strong genetic
In a review by Gottesman and Shields (1972), the pair looked at adopted and twin studies between 1967-1976, and found a concordance rate of 58% in identical twins, and 12% for non-identical twins. Therefore, due to the concordance rates not being 100%, similarly like the dopamine hypothesis, environmental factors such as rearing patterns will influence the development of schizophrenia. However, this explanation shows that the closer one is genetically similar to another family member, they are at a higher risk of showing schizophrenic
The attachment between identical twins was also suggested to be genetic by these studies, as eighty percent of identical twins stated that they felt closer to their twin than they did to their closest associates, despite having just met their twin. According to a study, it is suggested that genetics play a considerable role in the development of personality: Environment had little effect on personality when twins were raised together, however it did have an effect when they were raised separately. (“Nature vs. Nurture,”
Within his blog, Manly uses the experiences of other twins to strengthen his argument. His twin brother Daniel says: “‘I remember one girl in grade four, who used to tell us apart by the colour of our lunchboxes! That stuff is ridiculous, since the easiest way to tell us apart is to know us.’” I believe what Daniel says is true. Singletons should take the time to know each twin individually, instead of knowing a set of twins as one person. Manly states that this confusion on which twin is who often leads to a difficult environment for individuality to develop. I agree to this as well. In my own experience of being a twin, I have struggled to become myself with my peers, since I am constantly referred to as “one of the twins” or “a
“Let us then suppose the mind to be, as we say, white paper void of all characters, without any ideas. How comes it to be furnished? Whence comes it by that vast store which the busy and boundless fancy of man has painted on it with an almost endless variety? Whence has it all the materials of reason and knowledge? To this I answer, in one word, from EXPERIENCE” ("The Nature versus Nurture Debate or Controversy"). Experience is defined as the observing, encountering, or undergoing of things generally as they occur in the course of time, and genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics, thus both factors are believed to have tremendous effects on the personalities
Nature and Nurture: What do twin studies tell is about nature/nurture? Also, discuss the influence of heredity in explaining the process of one’s personality and intellectual development. Provide examples.
Guo, G. (2005). twin studies: what can they tell us about nature and nurture? . Retrieved from http://www.unc.edu/~gguo/papers/05 twin studies Contexts.pdf
For the measure assessing age of reunion, the results indicate there is a high level of overall correlation between identical twins reared apart. Thus, the identical twins that were not reunited prior to testing exhibited the same development and intelligence as the twins that were reunited before testing. The next measure, rearing by a relative, revealed that identical twins that are raised by unrelated family members are essentially no different from identical twins reared by biological parents, as evidenced by the heritability values. Lastly, identical twins that were reared in minimally similar environments demonstrated more similarity than twins reared in strongly similar environments (.70 vs .67). This is interesting because one would expect the twins in strongly similar environments to be more
The use of twin and adoption studies have assisted in distinguishing characteristics as nature or nurture ( ). Twin studies use the relativeness of twin’s genes to determine the heritability of a certain trait or characteristic ( ). The way in which twin studies work is researchers compare monozygotic twins which are genetically identical and dizygotic twins who are 50% genetically identical ( ). Twin studies are a very valuable source when distinguishing if certain characteristics or trait have steamed from a genetic basis ( ). In regards to the nature nurture debate, twin studies are very useful in supporting the nature claim. This is because twin studies focus mainly on the genetic resemblance to determine the heritability of a certain trait. For example, typically monozygotic and dizygotic correlations in regards to depression are approximately 0.4 and 0.2 meaning heritability is approximately 40% ( ). Another study that is often associated with twin studies is adoption studies. In contrast to twin studies, adoption studies are mainly used to determine the environmental influence and are generally used to support nurture arguments. Adoption studies follow individuals who and relatively genetically similar and compare how they have developed when raised in different environments. By doing this researcher are able to get a clear view of the
Wright, L. (1997). Twins and what they tell us about who we are. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Nature is genetics and DNA, and it helps shape your personality. Take Sam and Anais for example. They both like coke and they have the same pet peeves. They are both slightly dramatic. I have some more examples. My sisters are twins, or at least we think. They both love gymnastics and America’s got talent. They also have some differences. One of them loves baked beans and the other hates them. One loves bacon and the other hates it. I know right. Who in the world hates bacon? One more example is the Jim twins. They both love beer
For my essay topic, I have decided to write about the struggles of finding my identity while being a twin. When my peers find out that I am a twin the first thing they ask What is it like? And sometimes it is hard to give a straight answer. Mainly because being a twin has its good days, and sometimes has its bad days. For identical twins, one fertilized egg splits and develops two babies with the same genetic information. For fraternal twins like my sister and I, two eggs are fertilized by two sperm and produce two genetically unique children.