267-268. Print. Rozett Robert and Spector Shmuel. “Antisemitism.” Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. New York: The Jerusalem Publishing House Ltd, 2000.
The New York Times (NYC), December 6, 1990. Bruno Bottelheim, “Helpless Victims,” in The Holocaust Problems and perspectives of Interpretation, ed. Donald L. Niewyk (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1997. 54-59.
6. Bauer, Yehura. A History of the Holocaust. New York: Franklin Watts, 2001. Print.
11. Lawrence L. Langer, Admitting the Holocaust, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), 171. 12. Marrus. Bibliography - "The Indictments."
- Dawidowicz, Lucy S. The War Against the Jews. Schocken Books: New York, 1975. - Vidal-Nanquet, Pierre. Assassins of Memory. Columbia University Press: New York, 1992.
21. Ibid., 42, 254. 22. Ibid., 50, 36. 23.
Hilberg, Raul. “Two Thousand Years of Jewish Appeasement.” In The Holocaust, edited by Donald L. Niewyk, 114-120. Lexington: D.C. Heath and Company, 1992. Krakowski, Shmuel. “The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.” In The Holocaust, edited by Donald L. Niewyk, 145-159.
Rather, they were the victims of Germany's attempt cleanse Europe of its Jewish population, a plan Hitler called the "Endlosung" or the Final Solution. Anti-Semitism has existed for centuries in Europe. It was apparent throughout the Middle ages, the intensity varied from country to country. In the ninetieth century the Jews in imperial Russia and Hungary were terrorized by government sanctioned riots and beatings called "pogroms." This Anti-Semitism was based not only on religion but also on economic factors such as wealth and power.