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Jean piaget theory in practice
Kurt s jean piaget and his theory and stages of cognitive development
Jean piaget theory in practice
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Jean Piaget was born on August 9, 1896 in Neuchatel, Switzerland. Piaget’s mother, Rebecca Jackson, was very intelligent and kind, but had a rather neurotic temper that made his family life very rough. Her mental health attributed to his early interest and studies of psychology. Piaget became an active scholar at the age of ten when he published his first paper. He received his PhD. in science from the University of Neuchatel by the age of twenty two. He started out studying mollusk and then began to study his own children as they grew up. He planned to study children for only five years, but it ended up taking thirty years to complete his studies. After studying children for many years, he identified that all children went through four stages …show more content…
He called this the sensorimotor period. There are six sub-stages in the sensorimotor stage. The first sub stage is simple reflex. This is an involuntary reaction that happens without the use of any thought. For example, when a baby sucks on something that is put into their mouth or when a baby jumps when startled by a loud noise. The second sub-stage is primary circular reactions. This reaction occurs at the age of one to four months old. This is when babies start to coordinate separate actions into single actions, when a baby puts their thumb in their mouth to suck on it. The Third sub-stage is secondary circular reaction and occurs between the ages four to eight month old. In this stage children become aware of things beyond their own body and start reacting to the outside world. The fourth sub-stage is called coordination of secondary circular reactions, and this is when the baby is eight months old to a year. The baby begins to develop goal directed behavior. For example, reaching for their bib at feeding time. Substage five is tertiary circular reactions and happens between the ages twelve to eighteen months.The child begins to discover new things by experiment. The sixth substage is the beginning of thought and is between the ages of eighteen months and two years. This is when a child will start to remember things such as events that have happened in their …show more content…
Assimilation is when you take new information or experiences and include them into your existing perceptions and understandings. This means that when you have new information you make sense of it from the information you already had. Accommodation is when you take new information and alter or even change the existing information you had. For example, say you have a friend who you have always known to be super nice to everyone, and one day you see her yelling and being mean to someone in the hallway. If you were to use the assimilation process, you could forgive the girls behavior, believing she might of just had a bad day. If you were to use accommodation, you might change your opinion on the girl and think maybe she isn't as nice as you thought she
Developmental psychology is what his renown is based upon, yet Piaget's interests were much more widespread. He is characterized as a "zoologist by training, an epistemologist by vocation, and a logician by method." (Munari, 311) This is in part due to the fact that before achieving prominence in the field of child psychology, Piaget immersed himself in various other fields, such as philosophy, logic, politics, and the sciences. He was very much an interdisciplinary thinker, utilizing what he learned in one arena, in the others. Unlike many of the other prototypes of Howard Gardener's (1993) model, Piaget was able to achieve a respectable level of success in these endeavors, publishing various novels and research papers. Although it is uncertain whether he would have been able to achieve "genius" level in any of these undertakings, it seems to demonstrate his multi-talented personality...
Born in 1896, in Neuchatel, Switzerland, Jean Piaget was an exceptionally gifted researcher. By the age of 10, he had written and distributed his first experimental paper about the Albino Sparrow. At the age of 21, he distributed 20 logical papers on his experience while studying mollusks which helped formulate his ideas about adaption (Piaget’s Background, n.d.). Much of his introductory hypothesis was focused upon his perceptions of his own kids. Piaget's work is an unmistakable sample of descriptive research. (Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development. 2013).
According to McLeod (2012), Piaget had many findings/studies, and published over fourteen works over his studies, some of the works he published were: The Origins of intelligence in Children, The Growth of Logical Thinking From Childhood to Adolescence. None of these works compare to his greatest finding, which is his defining of the four stages of intellectual development. Before this approach was founded there were two other theories to intellectual growth, one being that biology and surroundings create human intellectual make-up and that human intellectual growth was continuous, not discontinuous, the second theory was that we’re pre-programmed on what we could become (citation); moreover, thanks to Piaget, we now know the intellectual development occurs in stages, is discontinuous, occurs at different rates in people and is affected by assimilation and
Some of Piaget’s earlier psychological work included running intelligence tests on children. By preforming these tests, the results led him to the conclusion that children think differently from adults because at the time it was assumed that children were just smaller adults. Because of this, Piaget began to study cognitive development errors in children (Piaget, 1976). One example of a test he performed was giving a three year old one large mound of clay and one small mound of clay. Next, he would tell the child to make them into two equal mounds. After this, Piaget would break one of the mounds into two smaller mounds and then proceed to question the child on which had more clay. Usually they would say that the one with the two smaller mounds was bigger even though they were equal. But when he repeated the tests on children that were six and seven years of age, they no longer made the error in saying one mound was bigger than the other. These types of errors helped to provide insights that were essential for understanding the mental world of a child (Piaget and Inhelder, 1969). He proposed that there...
Jean Piaget was a developmental psychologist that studied how children flourish and the process of how they learn. Throughout his study he followed many children and performed many test trying to provide facts and proof on how children learn best. Through many trial and errors Piaget came up with the stages of cognitive development which he broke down into four sub-stages. These stages are:
For example, all six of the sub-stages within the sensorimotor period are outlined extremely thoroughly. Along with this valuable information, many other authors are cited as their information on neuroscience and knowledge about young brains especially is mentioned in detail. Following this information, the authors related these points back to the thesis made in the beginning of the article. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development explains the many stages a developing mind encounters, which includes the sensorimotor stage which is , as mentioned above, is outlined in great
He held many honorary degrees and received many awards. Piaget’s “neurotic tendencies” drove to him to be one of the most renown scientist, theorist, psychologist, and biologist. He left many books and papers that exploits his knowledge of science. He emphasized that knowledge is a progressive process of growth. Piaget stated that “the current state of knowledge is a moment in history, changing just as rapidly as the state of knowledge in the past has ever changed and, in many instances, more rapidly" (Biography.com Editors, 2016, Section Death and Legacy). With his profound words, Piaget challenged the world to continue to grow and change. He didn’t mind the thought process, he encouraged it, even if that meant questioning his thoughts and beliefs. Like many others, scholars criticized his work saying that some adults never made it to stage four of the cognitive developmental theory. Other critics said that his work did not take into perspective the geographical and social aspects of the environment surrounding the individual. Nevertheless, professionals from many backgrounds have used Piaget’s theories and research to improve, develop new sciences, theories, and other major
Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, was brought into this world on August 9, 1896, in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. He was the eldest child of Arthur Piaget and Rebecca Jackson. His father was a medieval literature professor and Piaget began to grasp some of his traits at an early age. At only 11 years old, Piaget wrote a short paper on an albino sparrow and that along with other publications gave him a reputation. (Encyclopedia Britannica 2013) After high school, Piaget went to the University of Neuchâtel to study zoology and philosophy where he also received a Ph.D. in 1918. Sometime later Piaget became acquainted with psychology and began to study under Carl Jung and Eugen Bleuler. Later he started his study at the Sorbonne in Paris in 1919. Four
2016, p. 49). During assimilation a person uses an existing scheme to understand a new experience (Hoffnung et al. 2016, p. 49) meaning the new concept is adjusted under their current understanding. An example Lilienfeld et al. (2015) use states that if a child believes the earth is flat and learns it is round they may assimilate this idea by picturing a flat disk such as a coin; this allows them to absorb the new information without changing their current viewpoint. Whereas accommodation is the adjustment of existing schemata when it cannot fit into a new concept (Hoffnung et al. 2016, p. 49) therefore accommodation creates a change in a child’s original conception of that idea (Lilienfeld et al. 2015, p. 409). Both processes are essential to the growth and development of a person’s cognition (Wadsworth, 1989, p. 19), their cooperation is known as adaptation and according to Piaget without development would not occur (Hoffnung et al. 2016, p.
A well-known psychologist, Jean Piaget is most famous for his work in child development. In his theory of cognitive development, Piaget presents four stages of mental development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. Piaget explains the adaptation processes that allow transition from one stage to the next. He also emphasizes the role of schemas as a basic unit of knowledge.
The great theorist Jean Piaget was born on August 9th, 1896 in Switzerland. He distinguished four stages of cognitive development and called them the schemas. He also constructed new fields of scientific study, including cognitive theory and developmental psychology. He summed up his passion for the ongoing pursuit of scientific knowledge with these words: "The current state of knowledge is a moment in history, changing just as rapidly as the state of knowledge in the past has ever changed and, in many instances, more rapidly." He received the Erasmus Prize as well as the Balzan prize. Piaget died of unknown causes in 1980 in Switzerland
Jean Piaget was an influential psychologist who created the Four Stages of Cognitive Development. He believed when humans are in their infancy, childhood, and adolescence they try to understand the world through experiments. During cognitive development children are little scientists that create theories, experiment, and conclusions on how to adapt to the world. By the time children become adults they will be able to put into affect everything they learned and utilize the skills they need to live in this world. Everyone fits perfectly into the Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development, even myself.
“The influence of Piaget’s ideas in developmental psychology has been enormous. He changed how people viewed the child’s world and their methods of studying children. He was an inspiration to many who came after and took up his ideas. Piaget's ideas have generated a huge amount of research which has increased our understanding of cognitive development.” (McLeod 2009). Piaget purposed that we move through stages of cognitive development. He noticed that children showed different characteristics throughout their childhood development. The four stages of development are The Sensorimotor stage, The Preoperational Stage, The Concrete operational stage and The Formal operational stage.
Both Piaget and Vygotsky agreed that children's cognitive development took place in stages. (Jarvis, Chandler 2001 P.149). However they were distinguished by different styles of thinking. Piaget was the first t reveal that children reason and think differently at different periods in their lives. He believed that all children progress through four different and very distinct stages of cognitive development. This theory is known as Piaget’s Stage Theory because it deals with four stages of development, which are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. (Ginsburg, Opper 1979 P. 26).
He believed that children’s minds had to mature and could not take on certain tasks until they are mentally developed enough to do so. The first stage he determined was the sensory motor stage, which occurs in children from birth to age two. In this stage, Piaget’s ideas are focused on how children see things and interpret it. In the book Children and Adolescents, Elkind explained how Piaget began to understand this stage by observing his child, Jacqueline. “To illustrate, Piaget observed that when he held a cigarette case in front of his daughter and then dropped it, she did not follow the trajectory of the case but continued looking at his hand” (p. 18). Towards the end of this stage, Piaget began to see improvement in the way his child reads different situations. Jacqueline was able to discover where the objects went when Piaget removed them from clear