Since 1925 the global population has increased from 1 billion to nearly 7.5 billion. On the other hand, the population of some countries has been fall such as Japan, Germany and South Korea. There are several reasons for this. First, it is related with lower fertility that is affected by the economic condition. Gygi (2015) replied for the interview of Domínguez (2015). The declining of the population in Japan is influenced economic and social because Japanese economy has been in depression for almost 20 years. Second, the developing of healthcare is leading the low mortality rates. Grundy (2006) described, “There is ... such as avoidance of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, ‘Mediterranean’ type diets involving consumption of lots …show more content…
In the first, the workforce is decreasing because of low fertility; it means that the production capacity is going to weaken and government revenue will decrease in the second. Thirdly, young people have to bear a substantial number of pensions. In fact, Japan has already had these situations and it is getting worse gradually. For instance, it is said that, “People over 65 and above are predicted to make up 40 percent of the total Japanese population by 2060.” (Domínguez, 2015). The figure below of RATIO OF WOKERS TO PENSIONERS (BBC NEWS, November 2007) illustrated that 2.1 workers will have had to support a pensioner in 2025. From 1990 to 2000, it reduced about 1.5 workers per one pensioner and then the number is predicted to nearly halve until 2025. Also, Gygi (2015) said to Domínguez (2015), “A declining population of course also means less consumption, which in turn will affect the already slumping economy negatively.” In this way, the aging population by the low birth rates causes extreme situations like chain actions and it will go to very hard …show more content…
One of the most serious problems of aging population is pension that is occurred by some causes such as low birth rates, the falling of workforce, and the decline of production capacity and government revenue. These are happened sequentially and young people will have to be faced with that. In addition, the better health care might influence the aging population. The developing of health care leads people to long life span. It is favourable, but at the same time, the risk of getting ills or diseases is raised. As a result, the national health care expenditures are expanded. To mention that, both of these problems may well be affected each other and it will be more and more
Japan's 2008 total population was 127.69 million though its younger population has decreased as the older population has increased. Japans older population is living longer than earlier generations (Wakamatsu-cho, 2008). Diet has a great deal to do with Health and traditionally Japanese meals were higher in carbohydrates due to lower economic status and rarely used beef or pork. With economic growth came changes to the traditional Japanese diet adding more fats and proteins, causing a recent decline in Japanese health and increase in obesity (Saigusa, 2006).
Japan is facing a de-population crisis. Birth rates have be dropping since the economic boom of the 1970s, and the drop in birth rates is accelerating. Actual population is now around 127 million, but at current rates of decline is expected to drop to 100 million by the middle of this century, and by the start of the next century, to around 40-50 million people. In addition, Japan has the longest life-expectancy in the world, and its “pensioners” are growing as the workers who support them in their later years are declining rapidly. Sixty years ago, there were about eleven workers to support each pensioner; today there are only two. Japan’s current debt load is higher than Greece’s debt, and that could ultimately result in major economic issues. Sakanaka Hidenori, in his Immigration Battle Diary, urges Japan to consider the options available to address the population issue and its economic repercussions. He argues that they can either stay the course and prepare for the changes this will cause, or change immigration policy and prepare for the cultural ramifications of that decision.
In the following paper I will be examining the process of economic development in Japan. I begin with their history in the Meiji period and how that effected their great success in the postwar development. Then I will go through the different economic stages of economic development in postwar Japan. I will examine the high periods and low period in Japan economics, and the factors behind these shifts in development. Last I will give a conclusion and where I believe Japan economy will be in the future.
An aging population is indeed a problem for the society and will possibly cause many social and economic difficulties in the future. According to David Foot (2003), professor of Economics at University of Toronto, an effective birth rate of 2.2% against current 1.75% will be necessary to replace the current work force in the near future and the government’s policy of bringing in more immigrants will eventually fail (Foot, 2003, 2). However some people predict that the increased size of an aging population will drive growth in the home, health care, and many other industries resulting in job creation and economic growth (Marketwire, 2013, 1). Majority of the people are of the opinion that the issue will be mainly in the health care and economic activity. As humans age, they start to develop health problems, leading to more visits to a medical clinic putting extra burden on health care system.
United Nations. (n.d.). Japan Population 2013. World Population Review. Retrieved December 20, 2013, from http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/japan-population/ University of Texas. (1971). Land Utilization . Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection - UT Library Online. Retrieved December 21, 2013, from http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/japan_land_1971.jpg
There are three main factors that fuel rapid population growth in the world. Firstly, the increased production and distribution of food has now enabled more people to live longer lives. Initially, starvation caused high death rates, therefore inhibiting population growth. In our modern society, there is an abundance of food to feed the population. Improved distribution channels have enabled food to reach into dry places, thereby eliminating the risk of starvation. Secondly, there is an overall improvement of public health care. Poor sanitation and lack of clean water were the main causes of deadly diseases like malaria. These diseases often wiped
Before, the world use to an inequality in regard to the health of countries, however, global inequality is decreasing and life expectancy in countries as United States China have increased. (Roser). Furthermore, according to an article in the Fiscal Times, China is starting to “leverage its aging population to sustain growth and will require training programs and learning opportunities to tap into its overlooked older citizens” (Hodin). This means that they are thinking of taking the idea of retirement out. On the contrary, retirement age of Americans is 65 and above and one can have a retirement plan which one can get special benefits from. With an increasing of the aging population there is also an increase of health problems as well. In the United States, “incidence of heart failure increases with age.” This further causes the epidemic of heart failure to grow in future generations. (Vigen). China, on the other hand had the “one-child” policy but that is causing the country to have few children to help support a rapidly aging population. As individuals get older they need more health and long term care, however, since the working-age population has decreased in size it has become more expensive to treat the elder. Chronic health problems have become quite the norm and it led to a population which needed long-term care. Much like the
In elderly population most of the research carried out so far emphasizes on the functional problems and diseases. When it comes to successful aging elderly (SEA), it has been recommended that health status should be used to distinguish between elderly subgroups populace and disease-free people possible describe successful aging elderly (SAE).
The Australian government will increase the age pension from 65 to 70 by 2035(Australian Department of Human services [AU]). This announcement has lots of challenges for Australian people who are under 50; some people support the rise and find it beneficial for the future economical life. However, others are against the announcement as it has lots of concerns for their future plan, as they have to work longer to save more for their retirement. The current population ageing put pressure on the young workers who support retirees and their families, at the same time it affect the economic development. So the rise of pension has advantages and disadvantages on the future life standard of most Australians. It is beneficial decision from the government to provide a productive and qualified future life.
Life expectancy in Australia has been increasing steadily. The obvious result is being seen in the number and proportion of pensioners in Australia. The aging population with chronic diseases and disabilities, places a increased expectations and demand for health services and staffing shortages. Furthermore, an ageing population pose long term challenges in economic growth, living standards and government investments.
as is the custom in Japan for retires. Getting rid of senior workers is one the
...r people leaving the workforce. If something doesn’t change, Japan may not even be able to survive.
...is part is the most prominent part of my paper and I will try to demonstrate how post-war economic development affects Japanese society with some examples in some cases. In order to have an idea about social impacts, I tried to explain and analyze economic development process after WW2 in Japan in the second part. Afterwards I will deal with its social consequences in this part. As I tried to mention in the introduction, social transformation is not linear. It has ups and downs or positive and negative impacts over society. If Japan has economically been developed Japanese society has not benefitted from development right rate. While some Japans have been living in prosperity, the others were suffering on the other way. Especially in 1960s, people were enjoyed with this economic development, but upcoming years the system created its own victims in Japanese society.
“Growing advances in technology with each coming year has affected humanity in many ways. One of these has been the ability to save lives and create better medical treatment for all. A direct result of this has been increased lifespan and the growth of the population. In the past fifty or so years, the growth of population has boomed and has turned into overpopulation” (Cook, 1999). New technology can make people live longer than in the past because we can use technology to produce many foods, and we can make advanced machine for medical purpose to better health. For example, in China, most people were starvation because of natural disaster in 1953. A great number of locust ate their grain, and they didn’t have enough water to plant crops, but the Chinese imported new technology to promote output of corps. Also, China had good health since they imported the technology from some developed countries. Therefore, technological advancement is perhaps the biggest reason why overpopulation is continuing to be more and more
Lots of working people are scared when comes planning for their retirement day, as well as there are some of them are confident to face theirs restful years. This people who fear with their retired age are the person whose are lack of knowledge about financial matters so they will ignore their planning for retirement as long as they can. The effect is, they will try to continue to work as long as they can work. Recently, the Ministry of Human Resource’s Malaysia, increase the retirement age to 60 years old for government sectors. As Hunt (2009) state that Malaysian confident for their retirement have decrease rapidly in some way. According to Lai Cheng Tung & Jean Dennis Comeau (2012) the people who agree with the new retirement age as they claim that they required more retirement savings, increasing retirement age will increase the life expectancy, and this provide retention of talent or improving skill proficiency especially in expert job that need longer years of experience to master it. To support more agreeableness in increasing retirement age, based from Life Insurance Association of Malaysia (LIAM), 5% and less than that percent are prepared completely for their retirement (Habib, 2007). All of the statement showed that Malaysian are still good enough to continue working even most of them are lately around 60’s as a period for preparing themselves before retired.