Ivan Ilyich Conformity

Contentment vs. Conformity People usually believe following society is the “right” way of living. In Leo Tolstoy’s novel, Death of Ivan Ilyich, Tolstoy uses a recurring theme of conformity. He illustrates Ivan Ilyich, the protagonist, a middle class man as a modern day conformist. His character lives for society’s approval and in doing so, distracts himself from seeking true happiness. Throughout the novel, Leo Tolstoy uses satire to expose the upper-middle class people as conformists. Tolstoy portrays the damaging effects propriety has on an individual when the individual chooses to disregard compassion and fulfillment in favor of society’s norms. Many upper-middle class people believe that conforming to societal norms is what would determine a person’s happiness. Ivan Ilyich, follows a conventional lifestyle with a steady job. Tolstoy depicts how Ivan conforms to society by using Ivan’s perspective of his work as something “[presenting] on paper only in its externals, completely excluding his personal opinion of the matter.” (Tolstoy, 748). Ivan’s behavior demonstrates how he is not passionate about his work and that he only works because it is acceptable in society. Tolstoy uses satire to reveal Ivan’s character as a man existing to please society. “At school he had done things which had formerly seemed to him very horrid and made him feel disgusted with himself when he did them; but when later on he saw that such actions were done by people of good positions and that they did not

By choosing conformity instead of contentment, they end up with damaging effects. Ivan Ilyich, a middle class man believes nothing more is important in life than to have society’s approval. However, in the end he is left with nothing but regret, as he realizes he has been living under society’s influence instead of living for his