According to the details given in case study, Ms. A has iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia. It is a condition where the blood lacks enough red blood cells (Clark, 2008). When there are a low number of red blood cells, it makes transportation of oxygen to parts of the body very difficult. Iron deficiency is type of anemia due to the lack of iron in the body. Without the proper amount of iron in the body, it cannot produce enough hemoglobin and since hemoglobin is the main carrier of oxygen, low levels of it can lead to tiredness and shortness of breath (Copstead, Banasik, 2010).
Case Findings There are many causes of anemia in the body. Some factors include genetics and deficiencies in the diet.
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The lab tests done for Ms. A. shows her hemoglobin count is only 8 grams per deciliter. This is very low compared to the normal value. Moreover, the normal hematocrit level is between 36 and 46 percent (Chen, Zieve, 2012). Ms. A’s hematocrit level is only 32% which is again much lower than the normal range. She also has low erythrocyte count and the red blood cells are smaller in size and paler in color because the RBC smear shows microcytic cells and hypochromic cells. All these data findings reveal that the main reason for the iron deficiency anemia is due to the loss of blood and due to the low amounts of red blood cells in the …show more content…
A’s aspirin intake be reduced because it hinders the body from producing red blood cells. Therefore the amount of aspirin that Ms. A takes should be regulated by the doctor. If with the increased amount of vitamin and iron supplements, she still continues to have low levels of iron and hemoglobin, then a blood transfusion may be required to achieve the normal amount of hemoglobin.
Nursing Interventions
The main thing Ms. A needs is education on iron deficiency anemia and how she can help prevent and control it in the future (Mayoclinic, 2013). The nurse should educate Ms. A. on foods that are high in iron. For example foods such as meat, fish and vegetables are all high in iron. Increasing fruit and vegetable intake can help in increasing the amount of iron in the body and it is healthy as well and therefore helps in the overall health and balance of the individual (Chen, Zieve, 2012).
In addition, she should receive further education on what medications she should use and the importance of reducing the intake of aspirin. For example, high coffee intake and consumption of dairy products can conflict with the ability of the body to absorb iron. She should increase the amount of vitamin C in the body because it helps with the absorption of
Anaemia, which is a low level of oxygen in the blood due to a lack of red blood cells or lack of haemoglobin heart failure, which means your heart is having problem pumping enough blood around your body, usually because the heart muscle has become too weak or stiff to work properly a problem with your heart rate or rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation.
Hemochromatosis is a disease which makes your body absorb all of the iron in food, instead of regulating iron intake. Hemochromatosis “attacks” the entire body, especially the places where most of the iron normally goes: the bloodstream and liver. Some symptoms of this disease are bone and joint discomfort, liver problems, irregular heartbeat, and an unusual bronzing of the skin. Armand Trousseau first described it in 1865 as Diabetes bronze, due to people with diabetes showing the bronze-skin symptom. It was thought to be quite rare at the time. About “⅓ or ¼ of people of Western European descent have th...
Determining and diagnosing iron deficiencies remains an extremely difficult task due to increased plasma volume, inability to determine a “normal” ferritin level, and lack of standard testing procedures to identify the condition. Athletes generally show increased blood plasma volume, thereby altering results of an iron deficiency test. Hematocrit, the percentage of blood volume composed of formed elements, is often referenced when determining the erythrocyte concentration in a person’s blood. According to Gusmer and Dengel, low to normal hematocrit levels (42 to 52 percent in males and 37 to 47 percent in females) and a slightly higher number of red blood cells allows the best transport of oxygen throughout the body, thus optimizing performance.
After further analysis of case study 1, Ms. A is suffering is the most common type of anemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia. Iron deficiency occurs when red blood cells (RBCs) is lower than normal in the body. The protein is answerable for carrying oxygen in the body’s tissues, which is important for body tissues and muscles to function successfully (Oxygen at altitude,2009). Short of sufficient iron the hemoglobin is not producing enough making someone become anemic, several causes can develop iron deficiency anemia, such as breast breastfeeding, menstruation, blood donation, endurance training, digestive conditions, foods, and caffeinated drinks. And in this case study Ms. A has a bigger cause for iron deficiency anemia that is during mensuration
Blood Pressure: 112/59 ; Heart Rate: 100; Respirations: 15; Oxygen Saturation: 99% on room air; Temperature: 97.8; patient denies any pain or discomfort at this time.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetically inherited and is a lifelong disease. Sickle cell anemia affects the red blood cells because it causes the cells to be crescent shape instead of how a normal cell looks like: an oval disk. This causes the circulation of the blood flow throughout the body to be clogged more often because people with sickle cell tend to have more blood clots. This also exhausts the body a lot more and people with this particular disease are more likely to get winded by a short physical activity. Sickle cell disease is caused by a mutation in the beta-globin gene. The main symptoms of sickle cell are shortness of breath, fatigue, difficulty breathing, deterioration of athletic performance, weakness, headaches, and dizziness. Another set of key features that
Treatment of microcytic anemia are preventable, just by following a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. However, in case you are diagnosed with this health problem, there are several forms of treatment you can adopt to overcome it. The main objective of microcytic anemia treatment is to increase the production of red blood cells in the body. One of the first steps of elevating the production of red blood cells is by increasing your consumption of foods that are high in iron. Animal products and most varieties of meat like chicken, turkey, beef, pork, lamb and veal are some of the best sources of iron that you can consume. Meat organs like liver are also good for increasing iron levels. Seafood varieties like scallops, oysters, clams should
...ppened because of anaemia. Anaemia, which is a low level of oxygen in the blood due to a lack of red blood cells or lack of haemoglobin heart failure, which means the heart is in trouble pumping enough blood to the entire body, usually because the heart muscle has become too weak or stiff to work properly a problem with heart rate or rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation (NHS, 2013). Anaemia is a condition of insufficient haemoglobin in the blood to distribute oxygen to body cells. This causes dullness, tiredness and hunger of air. Heavy menstrual periods is the most common cause in the united Kindom (UK). In older people,the common cause is bleeding into the gut (Robinson, 2013). One of the other long-term breathlessness is usually caused by obesity or being lack of fitness. The fat tissues that cover the body affect the rate of distribution of air through the body.
She did have anemia once in her life, there are certain illnesses that run in her family such as cancer, diabetes, and high blood pressure. For now she shows a sign of good health.
Anemia is a disorder in which the body is lacking healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to body tissues. There are approximately four hundred different forms of anemic disorders. There are three key causal factors of anemia: a significant blood loss, a decrease in the body's ability to make new red blood cells, or a disorder that causes the increased destruction of red blood cells. Anyone can acquire anemia at any time. Poor diet, abnormal hormone levels, some chronic diseases and pregnancy can bring about an anemic condition. A diet that is lacking iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 can also contribute to the cause of anemia. The body requires the hormone erythropoietin to produce red blood cells. This hormone stimulates bone
Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by a change in the chemical composition of the protein hemoglobin which is responsible for delivering oxygen throughout our bodies. Normal hemoglobin is found as a round shape, and is composed of four proteins – two alpha chains and two beta chains. The change that causes Sickle Cell Anemia occurs when an amino acid called valine is substituted for glutamic acid in both of the beta chains. This change in the composure of hemoglobin causes the shape to change when under certain conditions. Two of these conditions are low oxygen and dehydration. The hemoglobin of a person with Sickle Cell Anemia then becomes elongated and curved, hence the name sickle cell. When this happens many problems can occur, primarily blood clotting which leads to a lack of oxygen in body tissues. Other negative affects of Sickle Cell Anemia are a weakened heart because it is constantly overworked. Also, bone marrow is affected and bones become softer than usual. While there is no cure for Sickle Cell Anemia there is treatment. The primary goal is to reduce the frequency of the Sickle Cell Anemia crisis episodes and maintain enough red blood cells to keep body tissues healthy.
The symptoms of Anemia depend on which type of Anemia that is diagnosed. The human body has the ability to compensate Anemia, and it going unnoticed and treated for a long time. The types of conditions that can come from Anemia if it’s not treated is hemorrhaging, ulcers, menstrual problems, or cancer. The symptoms that are common with all types of Anemia are fatigue and sleepiness, rapid heartbeat, loss of breathing, headaches, dizziness, cramps, and i...
Treatment option for the disorder includes; blood transfusion, which is done to replace the affected hemoglobin, Excess iron removal from the blood stream by administering folic acid to the patient, bone mirror transplant and sometime a surgery may be required
There are 47% of pre-school children, 30% of menstruating women and 42% of young, pregnant women are suffering from iron deficiency. Vegetarians and vegans also have a opportunity of iron deficiency. Iron, which is a fundamental mineral, is a main element of red blood cells. If people suffer iron deficiency, the most ordinary consequence is anemia. The symptoms of anemia are usually weakness, tiredness, impaired brain functionand weakened immune system (Bjarnadotti, 2015). Zinc deficiency was first been discovered in 1961, being obvious to be a significant malnutrition problem in recent. Infants, children, adolescents, pregnant, lactating women and elderly are the groups at high risk of zinc deficiency. For young children and teenagers, they need lots of zinc during growth. For pregnant and lactating women, they demand more nutrition to nurture new born baby. A healthy human generally absorbs zinc around 107 µmol/day to 232 µmol/day. Zinc is widespread in cells and the character of it in human body can be divided into three broad categories: namely catalytic, structural and regulatory functions. The people who lack of zinc will affect their organ systems such as epidermal, gastrointestinal, central nervous, immune, skeletal, and reproductive systems (Roohani et al., 2013). In 1920, vitamin A deficiency was generally known between destitute people around the world
Anemia can also affect a mother during her pregnancy and is a worldwide problem in the developing world and the English-speaking Caribbean4, 6. WHO defines anemia in pregnant women as a haemoglobin concentration < 110 g/l at sea level10. It’s important to note that the Jamaican standards for anemia varies according to gestational weeks, while the WHO anemia standards for hemoglobin leve...