Investigation of Coral Reefs

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Recommended: An essay on coral reefs

Investigation of Coral Reefs Coral Reef, ridge or elevated part of a relatively shallow area of the

seafloor, approaching the sea's surface. It is formed by a rocklike

accumulation of calcareous (calcium-containing) exoskeletons of coral

animals, calcareous red algae, and molluscs. Built up layer by layer

by living corals growing on top of the skeletons of past generations,

coral reefs grow upwards at rates of 1 to 100 cm (0.4 to 40 in) per

year. Coral reefs are tropical, extending to about 30° north and south

of the equator and forming only where surface waters are never cooler

than 16° C (61° F). They are, therefore, very vulnerable to climate

changes. In 2001, the United Nations Environment Programme’s World

Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) produced the first world

atlas of coral reefs, identifying their biological diversity as well

as the dangers presented by climate changes and human impact.

According to their data, coral reefs occupy about 284,300 sq km

(109,740 sq mi) worldwide—much less than previously thought.

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