Investigating Temperature in Insulators

Equipment * Thermometer * Bubble wrap * Elastic band * Cotton wool * 4 cans * goggles * measuring cylinder * stopwatch * gloves Prediction/ hypothesis (next page) I think the can with the cotton wool with the lid will be the best insulator for the can because the cotton fibers trap more air than the bubble wrap. This is because air is a good insulator of heat, and cotton wool traps more air than the bubble wrap, and therefore cotton wool with the lid will be the best insulator. The lid will also trap the heat transmitted by convection currents. The lid will trap these convection currents, and therefore the heat will stay in. The ways heat is lost are conduction and convection.

I think that the polystyrene cup will cool down the slowest because it has pockets of air and air is a good insulator. This will mean that the heat will stay in the cup and can only escape by rising to the surface of the water using convection and then it goes by evaporating. I think the ceramic cup will cool down second slowest because it has some air particles in it but not as much as the polystyrene cup so it will cool down a little faster than the polystyrene cup. I think the plastic cup will cool down second fastest because plastic is a better conductor than ceramic and polystyrene but not as good as metal. [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE]Diagram: Metal Cup

The Effect of Sodium Carbonate on Hard Water Aim === In this experiment, we aim to investigate the effect of sodium carbonate on hard water. Method ====== Firstly, 25.00cm3 of a sample of water was pipetted into a clean conical flask. The pipette was used because this measures and delivers a very accurate amount of liquid (to the nearest hundredth of a cm3, or 0.01cm3), but care had to taken to make sure it was not held by the bulge, as this could have made the amount inaccurate (as body temperature heats the apparatus up and makes it expand). Also, the pipette is used to avoid spillage, as the thin tube can put the water straight into the appropriate container. Furthermore, a pipette filler was used for safety purposes, because blowing or sucking could get unwanted and potentially dangerous substances into the mouth.

Additionally, the material has a low R value and absorb moisture so it is prone to unhealthy mold and mildew. Spray foam insulation will stop the air leaks which will save you money on your utility bills. It also has a very high R value of eight for each inch. Fiberglass only has a R value of one for each inch. 3- Cold Feet I knew that there was a lot of heat seeping through my attic and walls.

Therefore, the appropriate activation time may be 20min. 3.7 Temperature Temperature increasing can accelerate the reduction reaction. However some equipments for insulation are need to maintain a certain temperature and the acceleration of recation will only be initial so that the recations for industrial application are usually at normal temperature. 3.8 Types of iron Usually, there are two types of irons used in micro electrolysis: cast iron and steel scrap. Cast iron has better effect for recation because of high carbon content but it has many disadvantages such as low intensity, easy to crush and agglomerate.

Prediction I predict that the flask with the silvery surface will take longer to cool and overall there will be a smaller drop in temperature because the silver surface will reflect nearly all heat radiation back into the flask keeping the water warm whilst a dull black surface is a very good emitter of heat radiation so a lot of heat will be lost to the surroundings. Method ====== Apparatus --------- * Conical flasks ---------------- -One silver foil -One matt black * 2 Thermometers * Cotton wool * Stopwatch * 400cm³ Boiling Water * * Measuring jug For the experiment, firstly get 2 equally sized conical flasks. Then cover one of the flasks in matt black and one in silvery foil. Secondly, boil 400cm³ (*possibly more as water can evaporate) of water and put exactly 200cm³ in each flask. Then put a thermometer in each of the conical flasks, and fill the top with cotton wool; this is to insulate the flask thoroughly and stop water evaporating through the top part of the flask.

This is enzyme is used to break down protein stains for example food and blood. The enzymes need alkali conditions to work there best and the detergents provide this. And as the enzymes work at relatively low temperatures this means the washing machine does not have to work at high temperatures. This is one advantage to using enzymes in biological washing powder. This is an economic advantage because the washing machine is not using, as much heat so it will not be using as much energy and this will be saving on the cost of your electric and heating bills and the cooler the temperature the kinder it is to your clothes so they last for longer.

Biology Enzymes Coursework Prediction: I think that the enzyme will work best at 45.c to 50.c I think this because that optimum temperature for most natural enzymes is 40.c but his is a chemical enzyme so it will work best a little higher. If this temp is exceeded then I think that it will take longer to work because it will not be at the optimum temp, or it will not work at all because it has become denatured. An enzyme cannot recover from this state. Below this temperature I think it will be slowed down but will not denature because it can't at low temperatures only at high ones. These will not be to reliable so I may have to use a different set of measurements when I do it but for now it will be these.

Yeast Investigation Introduction In this investigation I am going to try and find the optimum temperature at which the new strain of yeast respires using trial and improvement. I will test from 20°c to 70°c as this is the most suitable. This means that little heating will be needed to get the maximum respiration in the yeast and therefore the most efficient alcohol production. Yeast respires glucose an aerobically producing carbon dioxide and ethanol as waste products. The carbon dioxide is given off as bubbles and the number given off in a certain amount of time can be used to estimate the rate of reaction.

When combing these things an emulsion will be made that does not separate past 3 mL in 15 minutes. Refer to lab three, trial 2. When an emulsifier is added to an emulsion it will make the emulsion more stable. Using xanthan gum proved to be the best emulsifying agent when paired with whey concentrate. The more shearing power used in an emulsion the more stable it will become, which is why blending was the best way to combine the ingredients to make the longest lasting emulsion.