Biology Lab Report
Investigating Alcoholic Fermentation and the Affects of Yeast on Dough
Aim: The aim was simply to investigate whether or not yeast had any affect on causing dough to rise when baked and to experiment with alcoholic fermentation eg. to see if it gave off carbon dioxide.
Introduction: Following a few weeks of fermentation theory, groups of three to four were assigned and told to conduct a series of experiments involving the affects of fermentation. My group consisted of myself, Won Jin, Brendan and Sun-Ho and we chose to investigate alcoholic fermentation and the affects of yeast on dough, more specifically to see if yeast caused the dough to rise in anyway. We followed the instructions in our biology textbook on page 129.
Hypothesis: According to what I’ve learned, I would expect that the yeast does indeed cause the dough to rise due to the carbon dioxide gas given off by the yeast. For our alcoholic investigation, I can safely assume that carbon dioxide will be given off as the formula for anaerobically respiration in alcoholic fermentation for turning glucose into alcohol is [ Glucose -> Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide + Energy ] so obviously Carbon Dioxide is a part of this. Also I assume that the fermentation will give off heat and the sugar will probably be turned into alcohol.
Materials: ca. 100 g flour
Water
Yeast
10 per cent solution Glucose
Liquid Paraffin
Four Test Tubes
Lime Water (Used as an indicator)
Practical: Our first experiment was to see if yeast impacted dough in anyway and to do this we brought in supplies such as flour and yeast. We followed the instructions and made three groups of dough. For each group we added 50 g of flour and added a little bit of water while mixing it. Due to my lack of “kitchen skills” I had to throw away my first two attempts, as they had gotten too sticky. But like they say, third time’s the charm and we finally made suitable dough.
We mixed warm water and yeast together in a bowl and added about 10 g of sugar, which is necessary for the dough to expand. We split the dough into two smaller mounds and added the yeast solution with only one of them to see the difference of dough with yeast and dough without yeast subjected to the same conditions to analyse the difference.
We placed both mounds of dough on top of a windowsill where we would leave it for an hour.
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The United States Government should deem desecration of the American Flag unconstitutional because of the freedom in which the flag represents, along with the blood, sweat, and tears that were shed by our brave soldiers and veterans. Desecration of the American Flag suggests a disdain, or a disregard for the symbolic meaning under which it represents. The American Flag has forever and a day been an image declaring freedom and democracy, and has showcased our principles and beliefs as a country.
The first and only time I had ever heard of someone burning the flag when I came across an article on Regory Lee Johnson. In 1984, he showed up at the Republican National Convention in Dallas, Texas and burned an American flag in order to show his knowledge of the policies of Reagan administration. At the time, he was convicted of flag desecration, but the Supreme Court overturned that decision by ruling that burning a flag was “expressive conduct within protection of the first Amendment” (Pledging allegiance). The issue of flag desecration is one that been around for a while. There are two sides to the debate: one being that the flag should be protected by law, and one being that it should not because it restricts free speech. There have been times when Congress has tried to pass laws protecting the flag, but Supreme Court as struck those laws down by deeming them as “violating the constitutional guarantee of free speech, and hence unconstitutional” (Wall, 1995). However, despite the Supreme Court’s ruling of the laws being unconstitutional, there are many advocates that are still trying to pass flag protection laws by amending the Constitution to allow it. This cannot be done. The constitution should not be amended to protect the flag because it would be a violation to our first amendment: our right to free speech.
Flag Burning can be and usually is a very controversial issue. Many people are offended by the thought of destroying this country's symbol of liberty and freedom. During a political protest during the 1984 Republican Convention, Gregory Lee Johnson was arrested for burning an American flag. Years later in 1989, Johnson got the decision overturned by the United States Supreme Court. In the same year, the state of Texas passed the Flag Protection Act, which prohibited any form of desecration against the American flag. This act provoked many people to protest and burn flags anyway. Two protestors, Shawn Eichman and Mark Haggerty were charged with violating the law and arrested. Both Eichman and Haggerty appealed the decision because the law was inconsistent with the first amendment to the Constitution. The right to petition the government for a redress of grievances is protected by the first amendment of the Constitution. Burning American flags and other such actions are not treasonous and should no be treated as so, as long as these actions are done to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
Brewers call the addition of yeast pitching. Once the yeast has been pitched the wort can properly be called beer. Fermentation can last a few days or a few weeks depending of the strain of yeast and the strength of the beer. During the process the yeast reproduce and then metabolize the sugars, making C02, alcohol, and a host of other flavorful and aromatic compounds that add complexity to the beer. During the height of fermentation the beer is capped by a thick creamy foam called kreusen. Once the available sugars have been consumed the yeast cells clump together or floc and fall to the bottom of the
Cosmetic surgery consists not just of enhancing someones beauty, but also to help those who have been badly damaged in an accident or who have physical birth defects. Many believe that women are the main gender that go for cosmetic surgery. Yet studies have shown that 11% of men are also getting cosmetic surgery - in fact since 1992, the percentage of men getting cosmetic surgery has gone up by 50%. Middle aged men see plastic surgery as an investment in their career prospects. It is important to know that it is neither sex nor age which makes some type of aesthetic surgery procedure feasible, but what is important is a good general health condition.
There were five test solutions used in this experiment, water being the control, which were mixed with a yeast solution to cause fermentation. A 1ml pipetman was used to measure 1 ml of each of the test solutions and placed them in separated test tubes. The 1 ml pipetman was then used to take 1ml of the yeast solution, and placed 1ml of yeast into the five test tubes all containing 1 ml of the test solutions. A 1ml graduated pipette was placed separately in each of the test tubes and extracted 1ml of the solutions into it. Once the mixture was in the pipette, someone from the group placed a piece of parafilm securely on the open end of the pipette and upon completion removed the top part of the graduated pipette.
Many people are very offended by burning America’s “national symbol” and view the act as “un-patriotic” and extremely disrespectfu8l towards the nation, its history and heritage. Many Americans believed that flag burning and desecration should be criminalized. However, other citizens believe that flag desecration is protected under the constitution and should be legal.
“It isn't against the law to burn a cross or any other religious symbol—yet it would be against the law to burn a flag, if these flag amendment folks have their way” (Levendosky). If you are allowed to buy a cross and go home and burn it why should you be held to a law that is the same as that. Making a flag more than what it should be is what is making the argument such a big deal. “Chief Justice William Rehnquist, in a dissent fifteen years ago, when the Court refused to hold flag burning a crime, wrote that "the true nature of the state's interest in this case is not only one of preserving 'the physical integrity of the flag' but also one of preserving the flag as an important symbol of nationhood and unity. . . . It is the character not the cloth of the flag that the states seek to protect" (Garbus). This quote represents taking this case too far. This case should be held between a couple of people in the government, but they should have a vote that declares what's what. And if people don’t like what happens then you can keep it to
Louis Pasteur made many advanced and beneficial discoveries. One of these was the discovery that yeast is a living organism, and is the cause of fermentation. From this, he came up with the method of heating wine and beer to prevent it from spoiling (“Louis Pasteur”). Prior to his discovery, wine frequently fermented, which was problematic in the wine industry. Pasteur describes beer’s spoilage: “The beer acquires a sour taste and smell that render it detestable. We have met with this ferment existing in beer, unaccompanied by other ferments and have been convinced of its fatal effects (Pasteur, 19).” Pasteur solved...
Also known as alcoholic fermentation, this process is occurs in an anaerobic environment. In alcoholic fermentation, glucose molecules are degraded into two molecules of ethanol and two molecules of carbon dioxide. In production of alcohol, first, glycolysis process will breakdown glucose molecule into to pyruvic acid. Then, carboxyl group of the pyruvic acid will be removed and causing carbon dioxide to be excreted. The NADH then left its hydrogen onto the second carbon molecule creating ethanol. The overall chemical reaction are as follows :
Cosmetic surgery is becoming a trend world-wide today because humans can never be fully satisfied in terms of looks; however, this type of surgery has many serious perils rather than some benefits that we already know.
Cosmetic Surgery is a great discovery that has been around for many centuries. “The history of plastic surgery origins in the early 800 B.C. when surgeons in India restored noses to persons who had them taken off as a form of punishment.” (History of Cosmetic Surgery, 2008) Many people have used over the years cosmetic and reconstructive surgery to enhance their physical appearance weather it be for health problems associated with birth defect or problems that they have developed over the years or to even alter physical appearances for instance nose jobs and tummy tucks. There are numerous types of cosmetic surgery that can be done today in the United States, over the year’s surgeons techniques have improved dramatically. There are a number of pro’s and con’s that go along with cosmetic surgery, such as the amount of recovery time and the initial cost of surgery. Statistics also show that cosmetic surgery has grown so rapidly over the years it is phenomenal people who receive cosmetic surgery goes up by the millions every year. While there can be many related health risks due to cosmetic sugary, many times cosmetic surgery is necessary and its is made more affordable than thought to be.
Asia Clinic offers this procedure to ensure the total sagging of skin and lines in your face. It removes the excess fats and skin which tightens the muscles. In total facelift the cut will begin above the hairline to the front ear which loops behind the ear lobe going to the lower scalp. In this procedure the face and neck will tighten together leaving no traces of lines. The surgery takes 3 - 7 hours. After taking the surgery, patients will have to use cold compress for 2 days and avoid strenuous activity for 4-6 weeks. To avoid hematoma formation, make sure that you avoid lying with cheeks in contact with bed or pillow for at least 1 month. Numbness may persist for 3-6 months. Swelling and bruising will become minimal between 5-7 days after surgery. Usually for women makeup is applied and may resume some of their activities. Total facelif...
Inquiry is an interactive way of learning. Students are actively engaged in their studies. Inquiry involves student-centered activities focusing on questioning, exploring, and posing explanations. The goal of inquiry is to introduce a new way of learning where students can learn about the world around them through active engagement in real-life examples. Inquiry based learning can be incorporated into all academic subjects throughout the curriculum. Science could possibly be the most effective subject to incorporate inquiry.