Brainstorm five processes or products with which you are familiar. Write a sentence definition for each one. Select the most promising topic.
1. A central venous catheter is a tube, which goes into vein in your chest and ends at your heart, with the tip attached to device called a port, and is used for injections and blood draws.
2. Hypertension is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated.
3. Antiemetic is a drug, which is used to treat nausea and vomiting.
4. Neutropenia is an abnormally low count of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps fight off infection, particularly those caused by bacteria or fungi.
5. Humalog is a fast acting form of insulin that works by lowering levels of glucose
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Outline the process or product description at a high level.
I plan to describe the process step by step chronologically, and explain causal relationship between the steps.
How Insulin Humalog Affects Blood Glucose Level
I. Audience and Purpose
II. Introduction
A. Humalog is a fast acting form of insulin that works by lowering levels of glucose (sugar) in blood, taken within 15 minutes before or just after the meal as it mimics natural insulin in response to eating a meal.
B. Graphic: Chemical structure/discovery of Insulin Humalog
C. Graphic: Vial of Insulin Humalog
III. How Insulin Humalog Works
A. Graphics/Descriptions 1.Normal use of glucose/Diabetes type I/Diabetes type II
B. Regulation of Glucose Metabolism by Humalog 1. Graphic
1.2 Humalog lowers blood glucose 1.21 Stimulating peripheral glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and fat
1.22 Enhancing storage of glucose as glycogen, or conversion to fatty acid
1.23 Inhibiting hepatic glucose production
IV. Conclusion
Where might visuals add clarity to your discussion?
The visuals might add clarity to my discussion any time I would describe complicated and unfamiliar
A. The "Insulin".. World Book. 2005 Edition. 2005. The 'Secondary' of 308. The.
Frederick Banting, with the help of Charles Herbert Best, J.R.R. Macleod and James Bertram Collip, was able to isolate insulin from animals and treat patients suffering from diabetes, using injections of the insulin. The insulin injections succeeded in treating diabetes.
Insulin: a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use. Insulin helps keeps your blood sugar level from getting too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia). Before insulin Diabetes mellitus was a chronic disease that affected thousands of people in Canada and beyond. In the first half of the 20th century, medical professionals understood that diabetes mellitus involved the body’s inability to metabolize food, especially carbohydrates. “Insuline” was already in development as many medical professionals like Joseph Freiherr and Oscar Minkowski, isolated its properties before Banting had his ideas. As well Ancient Greek
Long-acting insulins are used to control blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes. Although long-acting insulins control blood glucose levels they have been associated with nocturnal hypoglycemia and weight gain. These long-acting insulins provide blood-glucose maintenance for a 24-hour period per injection. Insulin degludec is an ultra-long basal insulin that provides blood-glucose maintenance for a 42-hour period. Due to the mechanism of action of these insulins, hypoglycemia and weight gain are frequently associated with their use.
Hypertension can be defined as a force exerted against the wall of blood vessels. However, high blood pressure occurs when there is high pressure at the time of ventricle contraction during the systolic phase against decrease contract during diastolic phase as the ventricles relax and refill. This can be recorded as systolic over diastolic in millimeters of mercury. (Wallymahmed, M. 2008).
To properly comprehend the importance of insulin and the rational behind wanting to increase it artificially, one must first understand the process of sugar metabolism. Sugar metabolism is the process by which the body converts food into energy that can be used by muscle cells. (http://encarta.msn.com/find/default.asp) The process begins when enzymes break down food into glucose, a simple six carbon sugar that can be easily absorbed in the intestine. From there, the hormone insulin plays several important roles.
Humalog (lispro), Novolog (aspart), ans Apidra (glulisine) are considered rapid-acting insulins, which start to work within 5 to 15 minutes of administration. Humulin R and Novolin R are considered short-acting insulins which start to work within 30 minutes of administration. Humulin N or Novolin N (NPH) have an onset of 2 to 4 hours. Levemir (detemir) anf Lantus (glargine) are considered long-acting with an onset of 1 to 2 hours, but are considered "peakless" and can have a duration of up to 24 hours.
The development of short-acting insulin analogs that retain a monomeric or dimeric configuration is a major advance in insulin therapy. These analogs are absorbed more rapidly from subcutaneous sites than regular insulin. Consequently, there is a more rapid inscrease in plasma insulin concentration and an earlier response. Insulin analogs should be injected ≤15 minutes before a meal.
Glucagon is a hormone that works to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, and the production of glucose from none carbohydrate pathways. Glucagon is an antagonist to insulin by making more glucose and keeping it available in the blood stream, whereas insulin works to transport glucose from the blood stream into tissue cells. Amylin is another hormone produce by beta cells. It is co-secreted with insulin and works to inhibit glucagon. Typically and dysfunction of insulin production is associated with a dysfunction in amylin production. Incretins are peptides found in the gastrointestinal tract. They are peptide hormones that are released in response to the intake of food. Incretins are responsible for the sensitivity of beta cells to blood glucose levels, and help improve insulin response to meals. These peptides bind to the beta cells and stimulate the production and release of insulin (McCance, 2010). A combination of multiple factors dysfunction is responsible for type 2 diabetes. When treating the disease, the number one priority to control glucose intake and decrease weight of the patient. A reduction in weight will result in a decrease in insulin need. Medications like metformin, pioglitazone, and glimepiride can also help to control blood glucose by working with
Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas, they are cells called beta cells. Insulin is important because it’s needed to move blood sugar, also known as glucose, into cells. Inside the cells, glucose is stored and can later be used as energy. So if the cells can’t store the glucose the person becomes very tired and has little energy. One type of treatment you can do is, an insulin pump, more people with Type 1 diabetes use these pumps, but people with Type 2 are starting to use them as well. What the pump does is it shoots insulin into your body, it’s like a catheter under your skin. Some advantages to using the pump over a shot is, more of a leeway on your eating or even what you eat. Also you can exercise without eating loads of
According to this quotation, without white blood cells, also known as leukocytes, we would not be able to survive. White blood cells are our body’s number one defense against infections. They help keep us clean from foreign bacteria that enter our bodies. Statistics show that there are five to ten thousand white blood cells per micro liter of blood, however this number will increase during an illness. White blood cells can differ in many ways, such as, size, shape and staining traits. There are five different kinds of white blood cells that fall into two separate categories. One category is called, granular leukocytes, and the other is called agranular white cells.
“Diabetes Mellitus is considered as a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies (genetic and environmental) (1)”. With diabetes there are different types such as, type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 is caused by “insulin
New drugs and breakthroughs in dosing and certain systems have changed the treatment of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes over the last few years. The range of medications to control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes has expanded, and insulin can now be adjusted very precisely to the individual patient with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Patients can become much more involved in controlling spikes by adjusting the dosage of short-acting prandial insulin to the particular
Insulin therapy promotes movement of water and electrolytes such as magnesium, phosphate and potassium, and facilitates intracellular transport of glucose from the blood into adipose tissues and muscle (Bryant & Knights 2015). Mostly, glucose is extracted from carbohydrates, which is the energy source for body cells. Insulin allows that the glucose reaches to the cells, so body organs like the liver, heart, brain and muscle are able to take up glucose to fuel their own energy need (Tham et al. 2017). This movement of glucose into the body cells reduces glucose level in the blood. Glucose in Tony’s body is excessive, the kidneys release excess glucose through urine to protect the body. This is why Tony often felt thirst to compensate the loss