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What is information technology quizzlet
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The Librarian’s Thesaurus defines information need as “that need which library services or materials are intended to satisfy” (Soper, 1990). Maurice B. Line has defined information need as, “what an individual ought to have for his work, his research, his edification, his recreation etc”. (Line, 1974) 1.5 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Information technology (IT) is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics based combination of computing and telecommunications(Information Technology, 2011). IT is the gateway of information access. IT gives more efficiency, accuracy, serves more in less time and minimizes cost. IT does not alter the traditional mission of the …show more content…
Artificial intelligence: The term ‘Artificial’ means something man made or not natural. ‘Intelligence’ is the ability for reasoning, perception, learning and innovation. Patterson define Artificial Intelligence as “a branch of computer science with the study and creation of computer systems that exhibits some form of intelligence, systems that can learn new concepts and tasks, systems that reason and draw useful conclusions about the world around us, systems that can understand a natural language or perceive, comprehend a visual scene and systems that perform other types of facts that require human type of intelligence”. (Kumbargoudar, Application of artificial intelligence techniques of library and information science, …show more content…
CHAPTER 2 The chapter 2 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN KERALA: A STATE OF ART deals with Introduction, Information Technology: an overview, Definition of information technology, Scope of information technology in library, Objectives and need for information technology, Impact of information technology in library, Classification of information technology based services, Problems in application of information technology, Background study of specialized universities in Kerala: Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Agricultural University(KAU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University(KVASU), National University of Advanced Legal Studies(NUALS), Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, (SUSS), Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS), Thunchath Ezhuthachan Malayalam University(TEMU), Kerala Technical University (KTU),
The official foundations for "artificial intelligence" were set forth by A. M. Turing, in his 1950 paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" wherein he also coined the term and made predictions about the field. He claimed that by 1960, a computer would be able to formulate and prove complex mathematical theorems, write music and poetry, become world chess champion, and pass his test of artificial intelligences. In his test, a computer is required to carry on a compelling conversation with humans, fooling them into believing they are speaking with another human. All of his predictions require a computer to think and reason in the same manner as a human. Despite 50 years of effort, only the chess championship has come true. By refocusing artificial intelligence research to a more humanlike, cognitive model, the field will create machines that are truly intelligent, capable of meet Turing's goals. Currently, the only "intelligent" programs and computers are not really intelligent at all, but rather they are clever applications of different algorithms lacking expandability and versatility. The human intellect has only been used in limited ways in the artificial intelligence field, however it is the ideal model upon which to base research. Concentrating research on a more cognitive model will allow the artificial intelligence (AI) field to create more intelligent entities and ultimately, once appropriate hardware exists, a true AI.
Who would have guessed that the once mere concept of artificial intelligence (AI) could actually be a reality in the year 2015? Artificial intelligence is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is also the name of the academic field of study which studies how to create computers and computer software that are capable of intelligent behavior. But we can go even deeper into the topic and question: really what defines intelligence? In this day and age if you were to ask a child this question I’m sure it was greatly differ from a child’s answer thirty, twenty or even ten years ago. The technological world is ever-changing, growing exponentially and very quickly and this is causing extreme effects on the lives of every person on
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the newest fields in Science and Engineering. Work started in earnest soon after World War II, and the name itself was coined in 1956 by John McCarthy. Artificial Intelligence is an art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people [Kurzweil, 1990]. It encompasses a huge variety of subfields, ranging from general (learning and perception) to the specific, such as playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, writing poetry, driving a car on the crowded street, and diagnosing diseases. Artificial Intelligence is relevant to any intellectual task; it is truly a Universal field. In future, intelligent machines will replace or enhance human’s capabilities in
Artificial intelligence has come a long way since the first robot. In 1950, Alan Turing of Britain publishes, Computer Machinery and Intelligence. This book was proposed to be the birth of artificial intelligence as we know it. The first robot that presents the usage of artificial intelligence was built in 1969. The purpose of this robot was to try out navigation using basic tools such as cameras and bump sensors (Marshall 371). Since then, we have made a million robots way better than this one and we’re going to continue doing so. While the world advances, so is technology. It’s slowly progressing and become better and more reliable. Artificial intelligence is a certain type of technology that is resourceful to our nation. We are using it in the medical field, it’s been helpful to military forces, and it’s helping our world become a better place.
Artificial Intelligence is “the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior.” Although the term was coined in 1955 by John McCarthy, stories about artificial beings with consciousness can be traced back to Ancient Greece. In one Greek legend, Cadmus, a Phoenician prince, kills a sacred water-dragon after it slays
Despite the wide use (and misuse) of terms such as intelligent systems, there is no widely agreed-upon scientific definition of intelligence. It is then useful to think of intelligence in terms of an open collection of attributes. There is a list of attributes that are seen as the general characteristics of intelligence and a few examples of these are Communication, adaptation, and reasoning. AI systems do not come anywhere close to exhibiting any of these characteristics, except for in narrow areas.
With each passing day, humans make great advancements in the world of technology. One of these advancements is the use of “artificial intelligence,” or computer systems that have the capability of performing tasks that would normally require human intelligence to accomplish. The various uses of “artificial intelligence” causes people to form opinions on it as a whole, often leading to debates on the topic. Authors like Susan Bennett, Neil Harbisson, Joi Ito, Garry Kasparov, Shauna Mei, Nnedi Ohorafor, and Faith Popcorn, voice their various perspectives on the matter. In this debate, all seven writers agree that “artificial intelligence” does in fact exist. Using their own definitions, the last argument each writer is trying to make is whether
In order to see how artificial intelligence plays a role on today’s society, I believe it is important to dispel any misconceptions about what artificial intelligence is. Artificial intelligence has been defined many different ways, but the commonality between all of them is that artificial intelligence theory and development of computer systems that are able to perform tasks that would normally require a human intelligence such as decision making, visual recognition, or speech recognition. However, human intelligence is a very ambiguous term. I believe there are three main attributes an artificial intelligence system has that makes it representative of human intelligence (Source 1). The first is problem solving, the ability to look ahead several steps in the decision making process and being able to choose the best solution (Source 1). The second is the representation of knowledge (Source 1). While knowledge is usually gained through experience or education, intelligent agents could very well possibly have a different form of knowledge. Access to the internet, the la...
...of Library and Information Sciences, Third Edition (pp. 1507–1517). Taylor & Francis. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1081/E-ELIS3-120043240
A library or information unit must have a dedicated plan on having an organized Collection Development Policy, represents the guideposts of all types of library institutions. Collection development is the process of planning, selecting, acquiring and evaluating the library collections’ convenience to print and electronic collection developments. Thus, it is essential to have a written collection development policy, a statement of general collection building principles with desalinating the purpose and content of a collection in terms of relevance and internal audiences (Clayton and Gorman 2007). Broadly, the international and local libraries have sketched written collection development policies which they are aware of its uses. Recently, the written policies consistently renewed with the rise of digital collections. However, the value of the written collection development plan shakes with the complexity of managing electronic resources, funding and time considerations, criticism on how it written and also its inflexibility. This essay will examine the arguments for having the advantages of the written collection development policy (CDP) and the issues evolve which against the latter.
Artificial Intelligence is the scientific theory to advance the scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines. This is going to hold the key in the future. It has always fa...
Artificial intelligence is defined as developing computer programs to solve complex problems by applications of processes that are analogous to human reasoning processes. Roughly speaking, a computer is intelligent
Artificial Intelligence “is the ability of a human-made machine to emulate or simulate human methods for the deductive and inductive acquisition and application of knowledge and reason” (Bock, 182). The early years of artificial intelligence were seen through robots as they exemplified the advances and potential, while today AI has been integrated society through technology. The beginning of the thought of artificial intelligence happened concurrently with the rise of computers and the dotcom boom. For many, the utilization of computers in the world was the most advanced role they could ever see machines taking. However, life has drastically changed from the 1950s. This essay will explore the history of artificial intelligence, discuss the
The Impact of Information Technology on Individuals, Society and Organizations Information systems and information technology are important in supporting, maintaining and enriching many aspects of livings. They bring benefits to lives of individuals, operations of business and the functioning of society but there are also drawbacks associated with technology and information system. Both good and bad impacts of information system and technology to individuals, organisations and the society will be discussed in detail in the following paragraphs.
Artificial intelligence is an idea of if the human thought process can be mechanized. It was around the 1940’s – 50’s that a group of people came together to discuss the possibility of creating an artificial brain and its uses. These people were a variety of scientists from different fields such as mathematics, economics, engineering, and etc. This was the birth of the field of artificial intelligence. While artificial intelligence would prove to be technologically revolutionary by introducing new ideas such as quantum computers or robots, said new ideas could result in the downfall of mankind. The result could range to being the plummet of the economy, the end of the human race, or even the corruption of the next generation and onwards. All of these problems resulting in the possibility of the end of the earth. The more we need to learn more about technology and further advance it, the closer we are getting to the extinction of the human race. These are the reasons why the advancement of artificial intelligent should be halted or banned so no harm can be done even without the intentions.