There is a surge in the global waste generation owing to the increasing production and consumption rates.4 However, the massive quantities of waste, produced in Nigeria, are beyond the control of the municipal waste management authorities and exceeds the capacity of the environment.Nigeria has a population of 162 million people.1 and 2 and the average amount of waste generation is 0.49 kg/capita/day.3.Moreover, Nigeria has a yearly urban growth rate of 3.78%. Rapid urbanization, lack of resources to provide services, poor urban planning, and ineffective policies further aggravate the inability of the municipal waste management authority to function .5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 .Such a situation has led to the promotion of open-air dumps, which pose a …show more content…
Moreover, informal waste workers themselves seem to be more worried about economic survival and are oblivious to their working hazards.Their energy and focus are mainly geared towards the collection of sufficient materials to provide for their daily needs, and they are often unable to find an improvement in their working conditions.This article highlights ways to better their working conditions, reduce the related occupational health risk and to improve the poor perceptions of the general public. .7, 13 and 16.Official recognition and acceptance of their activity will not only generate maximum resourcing and recovery of materials from dumpsites and landfills but also ensure an economically secure environment for them.Furthermore; it will also help in achieving three of the millennium development objectives: poverty alleviation, job creation, and environmental …show more content…
Municipal budgets are insufficient to fund waste collection and disposal in a rapidly growing population.4 Hence, there is a need to collaborate with other stakeholders in solid waste management to conserve the environment in the face of imminent industrialization. The integration of IWCs could include the licensing and registration of IWCs; the formation, organization, and training of co-operatives; private partnerships with IWCs or allowing IWCs to operate in areas inaccessible to formal waste management.It will be beneficial for waste pickers to obtain training on resource recovery and their need to utilize protective gear such as gloves and footwear during manual sorting. Thus, effective policies, safe techniques to handle waste, positive public perception, and partnership with stakeholders can minimize the occupational risk associated with unhygienic manual hand sorting, result in an increase in the quality and
A garbage crisis is at hand. As a nation, we have begun to worry that the growing mounds of wastes will only continue to increase as the means of disposal become further restricted. Government agencies and public officials are urgently trying to find a solution. The waste dilemma has become the centerpiece of the politics of garbage.
Wilson, D. C., Shienberg, A., & Casanova, L. (2012). Solid Waste Management in the world's cities. Netherlands: UN-HABITAT.
Based on data, the Ministry of Housing and Local Government says that Malaysia generates approximately 18,000 MT/day of solid waste. The data given based on the amount of waste is generally collected at the entrance to the land...
When it comes to waste, many environmental problems are associated with open dumps; however, in today's modern landfill design and operation the goal is to control, manage and eliminate environmental impacts. By growth and use of new technology and taking correct managerial steps these pollutants and issues can be used as an advantage to our cause. Promoting and operating safe and efficient MSW landfills have been the focus of the solid waste management industry and its trade association, the National Solid Wastes Management Association. The importance of this issue is the reason for the industry to continue to explore new designs and operations to protect human health and the environment.
It is expedient to review research based on construction waste management which will serve as an aid in piloting the proposed research.
Delving further, we realize that ‘Waste management’ essentially means “the collection, transport, recovery and disposal of waste, including the supervision of such operations and aftercare of disposal sites”. However the latest concepts are of ‘Reduce, Reuse and Recycle of waste’ over and above waste disposal.
We all care for our planet even if it is a very tiny part inside of us. The less effort we have to put forward in helping our environment the more we are actually willing to help and the better we feel about ourselves. In fact, more people recycle than vote in the United States; according to Samantha MacBride in her book Recycling Reconsidered. (MacBride 9) But, what if the good is outweighed by the bad? What if the immediate results are just delaying worst problems? The city of Saint George has a great waste management program, a county landfill which is in city limits, but the right distance from residential areas, and many respectable recycling centers. The city also offers recycling “binnies” at multiple locations throughout the city (WC). Waste management is near perfect in Saint George. However, the newly elected Mayor Jon Pike is looking to implement a city-wide curbside recycling program. “. . . [Mayor Pike] wants to pursue a longtime goal of bringing curbside recycling service to the area, embracing a nation-wide trend toward sustainability and hoping to extend the life of the county landfill.” reports David DeMille from The Spectrum. Yes, curbside recycling does indeed come with its benefits, but those benefits may not as be as beneficial as they appear. The City of Saint George should not implement curbside recycling.
Waste management is the process of minimizing, handling, collecting, storage, recycling and final disposal of waste. All these efforts are geared towards conservation of environment. According to Arias, (1998) accumulation of solid waste is a key element that can worsen environmental crisis. Solid waste is one of the greatest challenges of urbanization and without proper management can be catastrophic (Baula, 2010). A clean and healthy environment prevent harmful diseases thereby improving people’s living standards. Indiscriminate dumping of solid waste leads to streets lined with waste, clogging of drainage systems which acts as breeding sites for insects that bring about diseases such as cholera and Malaria. Dumping sites are also a source
In our rapidly urbanizing society, solid waste management is a key challenge facing all the world’s cities. In West Africa and Ghana in particular, the issue of collection, management and disposal of solid waste continues to feature prominently in major towns and cities across the region (Foray, J.J 2012).
For the sustainable development of the society it is very important to judiciously handle the environmental issues like the solid waste management. In order to manage the solid waste effectively we need to understand the composition and all the activities that follow once the waste is generated. Basically the composition and the characteristics of the waste depends a whole lot of factors and also vary periodically.
Solid waste can be classified in different types, depending on their source, household waste is generally classified as municipal waste; industrial waste as hazardous waste or hospital waste as infections waste. It quite obvious that South Africa environment is deteriorated by the illegal dumping area that around here. Solid waste is a major problem this country is facing at the moment. The province that is experience this major problem is Gauteng province, this an urban area am taking about, and since it’s clear that over population is the cause of the problem. Gauteng province is an over populated than rural area .solid waste pollution is refuse or garbage that people use in their everyday life in their house, such as plastic
Policy is needed to regulate which course of action should be taken and how it should be implemented. Because of this, many plans and policies revolving around the management of solid waste have been put in place. Sometimes however, a particular policy can have its shortfalls, potentially resulting in its negative aspects outweighing the positive ones. According to the Conference Board of Canada Report, “Canadians dispose of more municipal solid waste per capita than any other country” (2013). Solid waste management in particular, involves many aspects, ranging from packaging waste, food waste, etc. (White & Franke 1999), hence, the following analysis revolves around household and commercial waste – referred to as Municipal Solid Waste (White & Franke. 1999) – in the Greater Vancouver Regional District. Municipal waste is a major health and environmental concern as it contributes to numerous problems like habitat destruction, surface groundwater pollution, and other forms of air, soil, and water contamination. Waste disposal methods like incineration create toxic substances, and landfills emit methane, which contributes to global warming. According to the Zero Waste Objective Report, “The impact of climate change and the increasing awareness of the role of “waste” and “wasting” in the production of greenhouse gas emissions is a constant environmental pressure… (2009). This leads to an increasing limitation of government to prevent and control the volume and toxicity of products in the waste stream and a growing need to shift responsibility to the product manufacturer.
Traditional methods of waste disposal have proven to be ineffective and have caused harmful effects on the environment. The most popular and inexpensive way to get rid of garbage is burial, but burying your problems does not necessarily mean getting rid of them. Landfill sites pose as severe ecological threats as these mass garbage dump yards overflow with trash and frequently contaminate our air, soil and water with hazardous wastes. About 400 million tons of hazardous wastes are generated each year1. A large-scale release of these materials can cause thousands of deaths and may poison the environment for many years. For example many industrial companies around the world cannot afford to enforce the strict pollution regulations set by many developed countries. This usually forces these types of companies to move to developing countries where pollution regulations are very lenient. These developing countries knowingly accept environmentally hazardous companies usually because they are in desperate need of employment. The harmful effects of these companies were clearly illustrated in the 1960s and 1970s when residents living near Minamata Bay, Japan, developed nervous disorders, tremors, and paralysis in a mysterious epidemic. The root was later found to be a local industry that had released mercury, a highly toxic element, into Minamata Bay. The disaster had claimed the lives of 400 people1. Since 1970 you can bet that a lot more than 400 people have died as a result of waste disposal. If the type of waste disposal were cheaper and effective we wouldn’t have to deal with waste problems, which still plague mankind today.
Wastes are the products of our consumptions in our daily life routines such as lunch, work, school and other things we do. Little things such as throwing out a piece of paper, we are producing waste by the seconds. After we consume a product we usually throw out what’s left that can’t be consumed any further. Results in producing waste, substance that are born after it’s been use or consume by us. At the end of each day we throw out a bag full of garbage, all of the materials in that bag (paper towels, cans, leftover foods and many other material’s) all of these are waste. Hospitals produce medical waste such as use needles for treating patients. Corporations produce papers, plastics, tires, steels, cans and many other type of solid waste which contribute to the pollutions that cause health risk and other environmental issues.
Efficient waste managing approaches help with reducing and avoiding unpleasant impact on the environment and human health, while allowing financial development and progress in the quality of people’s life. People do not even imagine what is the size and capacity of their activities and the impact they produce on the environment. Garbage is an important ecological problem. It is seems amazing that approximately all of the citizens of the world identify rubbish as a major environmental problem and yet these people still litter. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (2008), an American produces 250 million tons of garbage per year (para.2). There are different circumstances that are based on the society, environmental conditions, occupation and size of each of the different family. As Richmond (2010) stated, if no administration organizations has the responsibility or resources to concentrate their efforts on the waste disposal, then the responsibility to do that is on ...