Introduction The diagnosis of cancer and its treatment impacts both patients and the individuals providing informal care from day-to-day. The definition of an informal caregiver (IC) varies across studies, but can be summarized as a person who is not paid and provides physical, emotional, or other supportive care services to a patient with cancer (Honea et al., 2008; Romito et al., 2013). The annual cost of uncompensated care provided by ICs is estimated at $300 billion with the figure expected to grow as many treatment regimens shift to outpatient and home settings (Northouse et al., 2010). Informal caregiving is physically, emotionally, financially and socially demanding on ICs and has been associated with negative health consequences …show more content…
According to Honea et al. (2008), cognitive behavioral interventions facilitate the development of a therapeutic relationship between the caregiver and a trained professional, and “teaches self-monitoring, challenges negative thoughts, helps caregivers develop problem-solving abilities by focusing on time management, overload, and emotional reactivity management; and helps the caregiver reengage in pleasant activities and positive experiences” (p. 511). The goals of cognitive behavioral interventions can be best achieved when patients, their families, nursing, and organizations work together to recognize and address the growing issues related to caregiver stress and burden. In order to develop an evidence-based approach to relieving caregiver strain and burden, the PICOT question guiding this proposal is: For oncology patient caregivers, how does an informal caregiver (IC) cognitive behavioral intervention program compared to no formal training or support affect caregiver stress level and self-efficacy within 3 months of …show more content…
The search was limited to adult oncology populations with the key search terms informal caregiver, burden, strain, cancer, oncology, intervention, randomized controlled trial, systematic review or meta-analysis. A total of fifteen articles were reviewed with nine included in the summary of evidence (Appendix
In the nursing profession, one of the primary responsibilities over a nurse is to provide care. A caregiver is “a person who provides direct care (as for children, elderly people, or the chro...
However, this type of care brings a lot of unconditioned difficulties due to the constant care they have to provide the elderly people with dementia. In a recent study it was discovered that caregivers experience stress differently given the circumstance this was shown by analysis of 234 people with dementia (Robertson, Zarit, Duncan, Rovine, & Femia, 2007). The findings were that caregivers in intense and distressed groups experienced higher behaviora...
...s and carers) will share in the cost of pain and suffering, treatment and other out-of-pocket expenses, lost income and funeral costs. Employers may be confronted with absenteeism, productivity loss, idle assets or potential rehiring and retraining of replacements (Cancer Council, Cost of Cancer in NSW). This has flow-on effects to end consumers who must pay more for goods and services to cover this cost. Similarly, the government loses taxation revenue from lost income, and must provide services such as welfare, respite/palliative care and education (Cancer Council, Cost of Cancer in NSW). Finally, the rest of society such as non-government organisations and charities pick up the cost of community programs and education(Cancer Council, Cost of Cancer in NSW). This indicates that CRC ultimately has a pervasive scope, affecting all strata of society and its members.
The National Cancer Institute articulates the importance of this support to a cancer patient, suggesting, “that having good information and support services can make it easier to cope,” adding, “friends and relatives can be very supportive,” and concluding with the usefulness of support groups (NCI website www.nci.nih.gov).... ... middle of paper ... ... York: Random House, 1991.
(Davidson, F. G.) Due to the nature of dementia being a neuropsychological disorder, those affected by the disease tend to look like they will not require much care, which, in reality, they often require more care than the caregiver originally expected, leading to stress and burnout. Another effect caused by this can be the caregiver blaming themselves by feeling like they are failing to give proper care, which, in reality, can often be very far from the truth. If the caregiver does not receive help from anyone else, the task of watching over the victim becomes a daunting twenty for hour task. Sometimes, the caregiver won’t be allowed quality sleep. Over 66 percent of home caregivers suffer from some form of psychological or physical illness. The most common illness that is resulted from giving care to Alzheimer’s disease is depression. The caregiver needs to monitor their emotional well-being as well as the well-being as the person that they are giving care to. Usually, giving care to those with dementia is actually more stressful than giving care to those with cancer. When the caregiver is a family member and not a professional, the emotional toll is often even greater. It is important for caregivers to remember that they need to take care of themselves first and
...if the caregiver needs a break. Also, talking to the family about friends and family that they have reached out too, or organizations that they are currently using to make everyday tasks easier. In general, the evaluation is going to be based off observation, and the family and patients verbal report of their well being.
Caring for someone with significant health issues is an exhausting and stressful experience and it is hardly surprising that carers are prone to developing ‘burnout’. Observed in nursing, this phenomenon, described as ‘…a haemorrhaging of oneself for others’ is detrimental as stress over-load causes the cognitive and emotional responses to severely malfunction (O’Mahoney, 1983 cited in Farrington, 1997). Carers in this state of mind inevitably develop negative internalised and externalised feelings, including self-depletion, low self-esteem, limited energy, negativity and hopelessness (Taylor and Barling, 2004). A report conducted by Age UK highlights that 6 out of 10 carers suffer damaging conditions related to their mental health, including depression and lack of confidence. Furthermore, these feelings are often intensified by carers’ perseverance which aggravates existing disabilities, such as arthritis, crumbling spine, heart problems and cancer, and leads to further pain (Carers Trust,
Twice a day, an email full of support, encouragement, and information arrives in the inboxes of the 370 members of the Long-term Cancer Survivors mailing list. The topic of discussion is often the “late effects” of cancer treatment.
-Sonnenberg, E. 2008.Caregiver Stress: The Impact of Chronic Disease on the Family. Available at: http://www.beliefnet.com/healthandhealing/getcontent.aspx?cid=74397.Access date 21 December 2013.
If warranted I think financial aid should be given to informal caregivers. However there should be strict guidelines to who can collect support for being an informal caregiver. The key being primary informal caregiver, Aunt Sue watching grandma a few hours a week shouldn’t qualify for assistance. There can be only one primary caregiver. The primary informal caregiver should provide 80% of the financial needs and live with the dependent 90% of the time. As stated by Moody long-term health care can be quite expensive and a staggering 70% of those placed into nursing facilities end up spending their life savings just to reside in a nursing home. But, it doesn’t end there, the family members of nursing home residence can be affected as well. Families
Green, P. (1984). The pivotal role of the nurse in hospice care. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 34(4), 204-205.
Primary caregivers are given an opportunity to take care of their loved ones; however, this job comes with a lot of stress and its consequences (Tsai, 2003). Primary caregivers take care of those with a chronic illness such as a family member or friend, are given a task that is so immense that it induces a lot of stress. In the previous decades, many research articles have developed studies which focused on stressors that were associated with the task of being the primary caregiver; yet, a theory surrounding this topic has not been developed until the early 2000s. Tsai (2003) developed the Theory of Caregiver Stress based on the Roy Adaptation Model to identify the caregiver’s response, perceptions, and adaptations to the stress and burden that primary caregiver’s experience.
Rationale: Therapeutic use of self by the nurse and concrete task definition and assignment reinforce positive coping strategies and allow caregivers to feel less guilty when tasks are delegated to multiple caregivers. Ackley and Ladwig p. 286
referred to as the recipient of care, this statement lacks true meaning; reducing person to a single machine-like object. They are first and foremost human beings whose care involves the whole individual. They exist within a matrix of family, caregivers, significant others, and communities. In my practice, human-centered care is central to the articulation of my personal nursing philosophy. It is one that treats the patient as an integrated individual of body, soul, and spirit, instead of simply treating their illness or health concerns in isolation. It requires me to stand in their shoes in order to convey an understanding of their situation. As such, they should not be reduced to simply generalizations, but should be cared for in their
The Theory of Caregiver Stress was a significant breakthrough for the reasoning of why caregivers are so deeply affected by this job. “The Theory of Caregiver Stress was derived from the Roy Adaptation Model to use as basis in understanding the relationships among caregivers and the stress faced when caring for a chronically ill relative” (Tsai, 2003). The Theory of Caregiver stress is a middle-range theory used to predict the outcome for stress and other various side effects (Dobratz, 2011). These adverse effects are predicted by: Demographic Characteristics, Burden in Caregiving, Stressful life events, Social Support and Social Roles. Also, because of the multitude of different scenarios and background for both the patient and the caregiver, these categories are necessary to compare and effectively use the results. The theory makes four main assumptions regarding adaption: “environmental change; the caregivers’ perceptions will determine how they will respond to the environmental stimuli; the caregivers’ adaptation is a function of their environmental stimuli and adaptation level, and lastly the caregivers’ effectors are results of chronic caregiving such examples include marital satisfaction and self-...