Influenza Fever
DUBLIN, Ireland--It seems as though this year is not a good year for people as we have the big war going on and at home, people are stuck with a disease that the doctors do not know how to make it stop spreading. The epidemic has reached a boiling point as everyone is affected by this disease and it does not matter whether the person lives in Dublin, Ireland or Frankfurt, Germany, the disease still spreads. People dreaded to hear that they have been infected by that disease, they do not want to hear "influenza" is the disease that they are suffering from.
Although the government has put out public notices that the disease is not infectious and tells people of ways to prevent as well as detect the disease, people are still afraid of it. They are in a state of panic as they are trying any means to protect themselves from having the disease. They are even gullible [enough] to believe that a certain type of nutrition tablet could help them to maintain vitality in their system so that [they] could effectively resist the influenza organism. Although, no one really knows how to cure the disease and certainly no one knows what makes one have it and one not, people are still flocking to the store to buy one of these so-called "nutrition tablets".
However, this is not the worst case that I have seen since arriving at the infected city of Dublin as this latest trend will boggle anyone who has a sensible mind. A water company has advertised that people should not drink normal water because normal water has micro-organisms that will lead to influenza and only their brand of water is clean and pure and guaranteed to be free from any bacterial impurities. People are lining up at the store that I just passed by to buy the water from this company. Although I think that most of these advertisements about ways to not get influenza are scams, I cannot blame them for thinking that way. The influenza epidemic not only affected the children but also the economy as workers are infected by the disease. In a boot factory where before at lunch time one could see a bunch of girls and women come out taking their lunch break, the factory is now almost empty.
However due to globalization, import and export viruses is more easily transmitted. Over the past century the global community especially Asian has been affected with new strains of the influenza virus. The changes in the virus can occur in two ways “antigenic drift” which are gradual changes in the virus over time. This change produces new strains that the antibody may not recognize. “Antigenic shift” On the other is a sudden change in the influenza virus which ‘’ results in a new influenza A subtype or a virus with a hemagglutinin or a hemagglutinin and neuraminidase combination that has emerged from an animal population,” as seen with H5N1 virus. This change leaves people defenseless against this new virus. (CDC, 2013) Currently there is no vaccine to combat all strains therefore “Planning and preparedness for implementing mitigation strategies during a pandemic requires participation by all levels o...
--------------------------------------------------------------------- [1] Essen, G. A., "The Socio-Economic Impact of Influenza". http://www.eswi.org/Bulletin_October_1997.cfm [2] Frayha, Husn. " Influenza Vaccination: A Call for Action" http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/annals/176/97-248R.html [3] "Influenza". http://www.caw.ca/whatwedo/health&safety/factsheet/hsfssubstanceno37.asp
...ssor Heather MacDougall, “July – 11 November 1918: Pandemic Influenza on the Battlefield and Homefront,” Lecture delivered 9 November, 2011, HIST 191, University of Waterloo
...influenza pandemic in one way or another; the use of quarantines were extremely prevalent among them. Also, the pandemic is directly responsible for the creation of many health organizations across the globe. The organizations help track and research illnesses across the globe. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for example, strive to prevent epidemics and pandemics. They also provide a governing body with directives to follow in case an outbreak does occur, and if one shall occur the efforts of organizations across the globe will be crucial for its containment. It is amazing that with modern medicine and proper organization that influenza still manages to make its appearance across the globe annually.
From the Chelsea Naval Hospital, overlooking the Boston Bay, I sip on a cup of Joe and browse over the Sports Section of the Los Angeles Times. Earlier this month, three Bostonians dropped dead from influenza. In examining the extent of the epidemic, Surgeon-General Blue commented to the Times , "People are stricken on the streets, while at work in factories, shipyards, offices or elsewhere. First there is a chill, then fever with temperature from 101 to 103, headache, backache, reddening and running of the eyes, pains and aches all over the body, and general prostration." I gaze out my window, the sun seems brighter than usual and the town more radiant. It must be the victory, for the threat of death due to influenza is pervasive. Outside, children jump rope. With every skip of the jump rope they chant. "I had a little bird." Skip. "Its name was Enza." Skip. "I opened up the window." Skip. "And in-flu-enza."
Influenza is very contagious and spreads rapidly from person to person. Influenza causes worldwide yearly epidemics. According to World Health organization Influenza affects 5-15% world’s population and resulting in 500,000 deaths yearly. Ottenberg stated that, in United States, an average of 200,000 were hospitalized and 36,000 died each year from influenza complications. Influenza is the sixth leading cause of death among US adults and is related to 1 in 20 death in persons older than 65 years. Disease control and prevention estimates indicate that infections like H1N1 which is one of the types of influenza, have resulted in an estimated 42 to 86 million cases and 8520 to 17620 deaths. As I mentioned earlier that infections like influenza are very contagious, they can spread easily from hcw to Patient and back to hcw. The most efficient and effective method of preventing influenza infection is vaccination(The best way to prevent influenza is with annual vaccination).(Sullivan,2010) (Gregory,Tosh &Jacobson, 2005). Motivated by a desire to actively avoid illness Influenza may increase the risk for death in people with existing heart, lung, or circulation disorders. In fact, the higher than average number of winter deaths in people with heart disease may be due only to the occurrence of influenza during those months.Vaccination provides immunity to fight against infection.To increase resistance to harm by modifying the environment to minimize preventable illness (NEED TO CHANGE WORDING)
Illnesses have long haunted the human race. As long as these illnesses have existed, humans have developed ways to cure themselves, beginning with simple herbs and proceeding as far as vaccines and complex medicines. One cure that long eluded scientists was that of the influenza virus. Now, the influenza vaccine, or flu shot, saves thousands of lives a year and helps prevent serious complications resulting from influenza infection.
Shakespeare, William. The Norton Shakespeare. Edited Stephen Greenblatt et al. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1997.
“The Site of Origin of The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Public Health Implications.” Barry, John. US national Library of Health Medicine, January 20, 2004. Retrieved from:
Vaccines save us from being infected with viruses. They save approximately 2.5 million people from death every year. However, while they help save lives, vaccines still have both minor and severe side effects. This can result in nausea, severe sickness, and in rare cases, death. Every year, 3,000 to 4,500 people in the United States are hospitalized due to vaccine side effects. It is extremely important for all communities to be informed about the side effects of vaccines and what causes them. Also, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that the influenza vaccine is only 48% effective, due to constant mutation of the virus (Scutti, 2017). This means, the influenza vaccine does not work on all
In 1918, things were not going well for the United States in the influenza epidemic. The disease was spreading rapidly and killing many. The United States was also at war, and it was a struggle to keep fighting with the disease on their hands. Germany had also been affected by the disease, and it certainly caused them a great deal of trouble. But the suffering of Germany's army was not enough to alleviate America's difficulty in fighting the war. Influenza was ...
J. M. Pressley and the Shakespeare Resource Center. The Authorship Debate. Shakespeare Resource Center. February 5, 2012 http://www.bardweb.net/debates.html.
According to Argyris (1953), “budgets frequently serve as a basis for rewarding and penalizing those in the organization” (Argyris, 1953, p. 97). Further, Argyris (1953) describes a budget as a measuring instrument, which sets goals which mean that people can be measured in this way (Argyris, 1953). People tend to have a problem with this and complain about this part of the budget as no one wants to seem as inefficient. For supervisors, budgets can be a way to put things in writing, and thus vent other unrelated issues (Argyris, 1953). Also, budgets can be considered to be pressure devices to keep employees on track and motivated, while also being pressured (Argyris, 1953).
Also, in the workplace where you are in close contact with everyone, there is more of a higher chance of getting the flu. I understand that it is a choice whether to get vaccinated or not, but I feel that if the public were more aware of the risks of the flu, they may see things a little differently.
Budgeting is a multi-phased process. For the overall budgeting procedure to be successful, each phase of the process must be executed in the proper manner. Therefore, stringent administrative controls are imperative in the process. If a budget is prepared but no follow-up assessments and evaluations are carried out to establish effectiveness of its implementation, the whole process may go awry and negate the entire purpose of putting the budget in place (Cogan, Timothy, & Allen, 1994). Various types of controls are necessary for a budget to achieve its objectives; these include preventive controls, variance analyses, feedback controls, and internal controls. All these controls must be factored in for the administration and execution of the budget to be effective. Proficient personnel who can identify and mitigate sources of variances in the budget execution process are needed to oversee the process. Allowing the formulated budget to run itself would plunge an organization into a budget crisis. To prevent any such crisis from arising, this paper will look into the features of budget administration/execution that make an organizational budget successful (Lee & Ronald, 1998).