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history of photo manipulation
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Influence of Photography on Reality
A young man peers into a screen attached to a box that projects its image through a small lens. It is the 17th century and the artist Johannes Vermeer is preparing to paint another image based on a reflection of reality though a box. Today billions of people around the world peer into boxes with projected light and receive a different reality with images created through photography that has affected the world in many ways. Photography has become more and more accessible to the general population. For much of its technological existence, photographing was only a luxury for the wealthy. Eventually the common man could afford cameras and take pictures although these usually remained confined to a small family or friend group. It was not until the last decade or so that everyone could attain cameras, with most having them on their phones, and shared them among a vast social network creating a profile based on the everyday image. As photography has improved during the last two centuries, it has affected the way we perceive reality.
The first camera ever invented was the camera obscura, invented by Joseph Nicephore Niepce. Originally the camera obscura was a box with a hole in one side. Light would shine through that hole and project an image onto paper inside the box. Prior to Neipce artists used the camera obscura for viewing or drawing purposes. It was not possible to make permanent photographs from the device. Neipce placed a plate with bitumen on it in the camera obscura and the first photograph was created (Bellis). This first image took 8 hours to create and later faded. Eventually, a photograph called the daguerreotype was produced. This first image did not fade and only took up to 30 min...
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...ution Of The Camera." Canadian Geographic Photo Club. Canadian Geographic, 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
“Kodak: Basic Darkroom Techniques.” Kodak.com. n.d. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
Manago, A.M., Graham, M.B., Greenfield, P.M. and Salimkhan, G. “Self-presentation and gender on MySpace.” Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29, 446-458. Web.
Mirkinson, Jack. "Photographer Who Took Obama Selfie Picture Says We're All Reading It Wrong." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 11 Dec. 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
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Wagner, Kurt. "Facebook Has A Quarter Of A Trillion User Photos." Mashable. N.p., 16 Sept. 2013. Web. 19 Dec. 2013.
Niiler, Eric. "How Civil War Photography Changed War." Msnbc.com. Discovery Channel, 11 Apr. 2011. Web. 31 Mar. 2014.
Tolmachev, I. (2010, March 15). A history of Photography Part 1: The Beginning. Retrieved Febraury 2014, from tuts+ Photography: http://photography.tutsplus.com/articles/a-history-of-photography-part-1-the-beginning--photo-1908
Photography is a part of almost everyone's everyday life whether it is through a smartphone, laptop, or professional camera. Before the late 1800s, though, even a simple picture was not possible. Although many people worked hard and put their ideas and inventions of new cameras in the world, Louis Daguerre is among one of the most important. Michael Hart, in his book, The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History, ranks Daguerre as the 47th most influential person in the world. This ranking is appropriate because of the many ways his invention influenced today's world. His technique was practical and widely used in the 1800s. Although his methods are different
Practiced by thousands who shared no common tradition or training from the earliest days of taking photos, the first photographers were disciplined and united by no academy or guild, who considered their medium variously as a trade, a science, an art, or an entertainment, and who often were unaware of each other’s work. Exactly as it sounds photography means photo-graphing. The word photography comes from two Greek words, photo, or “light”, and graphos, or drawing and from the start of photography; the history of the aforementioned has been debated. The idea of taking pictures started some thirty-one thousand years ago when strikingly sophisticated images of bears, rhinoceroses, bison, horses and many other types of creators were painted on the walls of caves found in southern France. Former director of photography at New Yorks museum of modern art says that “The progress of photography has been more like the history of farming, with a continual stream of small discoveries leading to bigger ones, and in turn triggering more experiments, inventions, and applications while the daily work goes along uninterrupted.” ˡ
Sontag, Susan. "Essay | Photography Enhances Our Understanding of the World." BookRags. BookRags. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.
In conclusion, the American civil war, photographed by more than 3000 individual photographers, had a huge impact on photography, while for the most part photography played a major role throughout the course of the war. Although civil war was recorded on numerous amount of books, Photographs taken during that time frame still seems have the power of influence and most people choose to believe in photographs, since they tell a story of reality. Doesn’t matter how gruesome or unpleasant most of them look, photographs from civil tend to leave a lasting impression even on people living in the present.
This trend also found roots in the emergence of photographic technology, originally developed in the early 1800’s and advanced continuously until the present. During this time, artists and photographers suddenly found that they could much more easily captur...
...ople they capture continue to exist through the images. Photos provide visual evidence of past events. The development of photography and the wide distribution of photographs during the Civil War opened the public’s eyes to the savage nature of warfare, but also the tremendous sacrifices made by their soldiers, for the first time. As the demand for photographs increased, a great industry was born that dramatically increased the presence and effectiveness of the media for every war or conflict that followed. Today’s American public has been able to collect and study Civil War photographs, learning an important lesson in what the photographs say about the nature of warfare and also how the media sometimes conceals parts of the truth. Civil War photography forever changed the public’s perception of war, and showed that war-related media must be approached with caution.
"Cameras don't lie." Maclean's 3 Mar. 2014: 8. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 9 July
The first models of the Camera Obscura were large chambers that could be entered by the artist. At first, this invention was recognized as an aid to artists who could trace the images to create a more realistic impression of the scene. The difficulty with the chamber was that it was not readily portable, and was therefore useless to an artist. This issue was solved when advancements were made in the seventeenth century when inventors developed a portable version of the optical device. Also, those using the instrument found that the image produced was inaccurate in that it defied the rules of perspective because it was formed by a single lens. Inventors discovered a way to correct this problem, as explained in the History of Photography:
An image has the explicit power of telling a story without saying any words, that’s the power behind a photo. A photo tends to comes with many sides to a story, it has the ability to manipulate and tell something differently. There is a tendency in America, where explicit photos of war or anything gruesome occurring in the world are censored for the public view. This censorship hides the reality of our world. In “The War Photo No One Would Publish” Torie DeGhett centers her argument on censorship, detailing the account of graphic Gulf War photo the American press refused to publish. (73) DeGhett argues that the American public shouldn’t be restrained from viewing graphic content of the war occurring around the world. She believes that incomplete
As seen in paintings of battle scenes and portraits of wealthy Renaissance aristocracy, people have always strived to preserve and document their existence. The creation of photography was merely the logical continuum of human nature’s innate desire to preserve the past, as well as a necessary reaction to a world in a stage of dramatic and irreversible change. It is not a coincidence that photography arose in major industrial cities towards the end of the nineteenth century.
The idea for photographing came around in 1814 when Joseph Niépce wanted an image of his son before he left for war. He succeeded in making the first camera in 1827, but the camera needed at least eight hours to produce one picture. Parisian Louis Daguerre invented the next kind of camera in 1839, who worked with Niépce for four years. His camera only needed fifteen to thirty minutes to produce a picture. Both Niécpe’s and Daguerre’s cameras made pictues on metal plates. In the same year Daguerre made his camera, an Englishman by the name of William Henry Fox Talbot made the first camera that photographed pictures on paper. The camera printed a reverse picture onto a negative and chemicals were needed to produce the photo up right. In 1861, color film came along and pictures were produced with color instead of being just black and white. James Clerk Maxwell is credited with coming up with color film, after he took the ...
In today’s world, photography has become a part of our daily lives. People take photographs of food, c...
Presently, photography has transformed into a social rite that is widely practiced by masses as a part of their daily lives. People preserve their memories on a photosensitive film through their lens (images) and convert them subsequently into the form of images (camera). They credit these images as they do believe that the pictures will exist in immortality even though the event has ended, whereas the aging brains will drain their memories away. These pictures remember every single little thing, long after they have forgotten everything. Agreeing with Susan Sontag's idea in her essay entitled “On Photography,” “The omnipresence of cameras persuasively suggests that time consists of interesting events, events worth photographing” (311), N. Scott Momaday, Babbette Hines, and Jim Nachtwey say that people depend on cameras to chronicle the priceless moments occurring in their lives. The question is, do all photographic images always portray the truth?