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Essay on the major causes of infertility
Essay on the major causes of infertility
Essay on the major causes of infertility
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Infertility
Infertility is a sperm disorder or the inability to conceive some reasons for it have not yet been identified.
When a couple has been having unprotected sex for more than a year and no child has been conceived it is time to see a doctor. Other things that can go wrong is the female not being able to carry the child full term. There are different reasons as to why couples are infertile:
20% are due to a problem in the man
40% to 50% are due to a problem in woman
30% to 40% are due to problems in both the man and the woman. (1)
And according to the department of health & human services about 10% to 20% of couples in the USA are infertile(1), but in much of the world about 85% will conceive within a year while having unprotected sex. This disorder can be diagnosed threw different test they differ by gender:
For men there is a General Physical Exam to check the testicles and penis for abnormalities , ask about sexual habits, medical history, and medications. Semen Analysis is for the color, quality, concentration, and infections also where there is blood present. They also do a Blood Test for the levels of testosterone and other male hormones, and Ultrasound to check for a ejaculatory duct obstruction, retrograde ejaculation, or abnormality. Since Chlamydia can affect fertility they will be tested for it and if found medication will be prescribed.
The women have more test they have to go through for diagnosing. A General Physical Exam including a gynecological exam, sexual habits, medical history, medications and the menstruation cycle. A Blood Test for hormone levels and if there is ovulations. Doctors do an x-ray using fluid that is injected into the uterus to see if it properly travels through the fallopian tubes this is called Hysterosalpingography. They will make sure there is no blockage or scarring with a Laparoscopy. Ovarian Reserve Testing this done to find out how effective the eggs are after ovulation. Genetic Test for abnormal genes interfering. A Pelvic Ultrasound will be done to check the fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries, also a Chlamydia Test. A Thyroid Function Test to see if it is normal or abnormal.
It is recommended that after a year trying to conceive you should start looking for a doctor, but if your a woman with any of the following symptoms you should start looking sooner:
The procedure of the test is simple hence patients will then be asked to remove their clothes and wrap and cover with a paper cloth around the waist before the Pap test. Patients will then be asked to lie back on the examine table with their legs spread open .Knees have to be bent and feet sitting on rest position. The clinician or gynecologist will insert the lubricated instrument called speculum into the patient’s vagina in a way that will hold open to see the cervix clearly. The clinician will examine to see if there is any visible problem and will gently scrape the surface of the cervix with the help of wooden scraper or spatula to obtain the sample of the cells. The liquid sample will then be smeared on a glass slides and will be brought to a laboratory to analyze where microscope slides will be ready for the test. The clinicians will have to repeat the test if the result is abnormal .Cells abnormalities are divided as follows ASC atypical squamous cells ,AGC,AIS,LSIL.
For Elizabeth and her husband Paul, the journey to building a family through IUI at Texas Fertility Center started after a pregnancy loss. According to Elizabeth, “In February of 2010, we lost our first baby. The pregnancy was a surprise because we weren’t trying, but we were excited.” When the couple
There are several techniques of prenatal screening. The most common is blood testing. It is used to determine the blood type and Rh factor of a mother and the fetus. This is to prevent the complication caused by antigen-antibody reaction of Rh group of the mother and the fetus which may lead to haemolytic anemia. Besides that, blood test is also able to detect some of the blood borne diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B, C and D and rubella. Ultrasound, on the other hand, can determine the growth and development of a fetus in the amniotic sac. It can detect structural defects such as spinal bifida and anencephaly, congenital heart defects, gastrointestinal and kidney malformations and cleft lip. Furthermore, genetic test is used to determine the chromosome condit...
Infertility is the inability to conceive any children after 12 months of trying to conceive after having unprotected sex. The infertility condition can be present in both partners. The cause may be physical, including immature sexual organs, abnormalities of the reproductive system, hormonal imbalance, and dysfunction or abnormalities in other organ systems, or it may result from psychologic or emotional problems. There are treatments for men or women like drugs, assisted reproductive technology, in vitro fertilization (IVF), artificial insemination, and surgery.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
First, let’s define Infertility? Infertility is the inability to conceive from unprotected sex within a year. According to National Infertility Association(NIA), approximately 1 in 8 couples in the U.S-about 10-15% experience infertility. Infertility doesn’t discriminate against gender or race, therefore, it impacts both men and women equally, and that range from ages 15-50. In addition, any fertile individual could experience this condition, therefore, one can develop it later in life. This condition is shared by about 6 + million women in the U.S. and about 3-4.7 million men were diagnosed in with infertility, including 14% sperm/semen and 6% varicocele, which is an enlarged vein inside the male scrotum, pouch that holds the testicles of a male, therefore this blocks the blood from through the blood stream.
Kliff, Sarah. " Understanding Male Infertility. " The Daily Beast. 16 Oct. 2007.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2.1 million married couples experience troubles with infertility. Infertility is defined as trying for over a year and not becoming pregnant for women under 35 and trying for six months for women over 35. The cause of the infertility is a male factor one third of the instances, female another third, ten percent of the cause is a combination of both male and female factors and the remaining twenty percent is not apparent. In vitro fertilization is a process that tries to eliminate the problems inherent in the mother and father. It involves an egg is fer...
Unfortunate Parents A married couple that can't have kids is called Unexplained Infertility. According to an article What is unexplained infertility? And how do you treat it? by Chris Bentley
“Managing Infertility.” USNews.com. Stanford University Medical Center, 31 Mar. 2007. Web. 22 Mar. 2010. .
#1: No sexual desire with husband Many couples around the world have issues regarding sexual desire. A study that has been done showed that about one-third of the women from age 18 to 59 suffer from loss of sexual desire. Females can be going through multiple things all at once which can affect their sexual desire. They can be going through stress and emotional problems within them like their declining of the hormones.
I do believe the author’s conclusions were warranted given the study’s design. By using the results obtained from this study counselors can determine how to best help clients with various types of infertility issues. As the results of the study revealed the etiology of the infertility could be correlated with the type of stress the client experiences.
Cystoscopy. Use to remove a small sample of tissue (biopsy) for analysis in the lab. This test most likely won’t be needed if this is the first time patient had signs or symptoms of cystitis.
The hormonal treatment causes ovulation in 80% of infertile women and 50% of them, are able to conceive successfully. Doctors also use injections of Gonadotropin and hCG to stimulate eggs when the medicines fail. (Note: It is highly adviced that you