Infectious Mononucleosis
Infectious mononucleosis is an infection caused by a virus. This illness is often called “mono.” It causes symptoms that affect various areas of the body, including the throat, upper air passages, and lymph glands. The liver or spleen may also be affected.
The virus spreads from person to person through close contact. The illness is usually not serious and often goes away in 2–4 weeks without treatment. In rare cases, symptoms can be more severe and last longer, sometimes up to several months. Because the illness can sometimes cause the liver or spleen to become enlarged, you should not participate in contact sports or strenuous exercise until your health care provider approves.
CAUSES
Infectious mononucleosis is
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• Do not drink alcohol.
• Eat soft foods. Cool foods such as popsicles or ice cream can soothe a sore throat.
• Take medicines only as directed by your health care provider. Children under 18 years of age should not take aspirin because of the association with Reye syndrome.
• If you have a sore throat, gargle with a mixture of salt and water. This may help relieve your discomfort. Mix 1 tsp of salt in 1 cup of warm water. Sucking on hard candy may also help.
• Start regular activities gradually after the fever is gone. Be sure to rest when tired.
• Avoid kissing or sharing utensils or drinking glasses until your health care provider tells you that you are no longer contagious.
PREVENTION
To avoid spreading the virus, do not kiss anyone or share utensils, drinking glasses, or food until your health care provider tells you that you are no longer contagious.
SEEK MEDICAL CARE IF:
• Your fever is not gone after 10 days.
• You have swollen lymph nodes that are not back to normal after 4 weeks.
• Your activity level is not back to normal after 2 months.
• You have yellow coloring to your eyes and skin (jaundice).
• You have
[1, 4, 5, 9, 13] There have been no documented cases where a human has contracted the disease from another human. [4] It appears, based on field and lab data, that infection requires direct contact with the virus through means such as contact with infective bodily secretions, urine, or tissues. [12] It is unknown to scientists how the virus can be maintained in the bat populations and avoids extinction as the host species becomes immune to its presence. [14] The incubation period from time of infection to the onset of symptoms is about 5-14 days in experimentally induced animals [4] and 8-14 days in natural field cases.
Before I got sick, I never paid attention to my actions. If I was thirsty, I asked any friend for a sip of his/her drink, and I never gave my action a second thought. My group of friends was really close, so we would often share gum with each other: from one mouth to another, and sometimes another. My friends also did a lot of boyfriend/girlfriend swapping, and although I did not participate in this, if one person was infected with anything, within two weeks everyone in the group could have been exposed.
HSV-1 is spread through saliva and direct contact, such as kissing, sharing eating utensils, sharing drinks or sharing personal items. Children often contract the virus from kissing their parents and coming in contact with other children. HSV-2 is spread through sexual intercourse. HSV must be transported through bodily fluids (saliva, pus, semen, vaginal fluid) to infect cells.3 The virus is transmitted through the mucosal linings of the body or through an open wound and has an incubation period of 2-12 days.4
...ation period is between thirty and forty days, but it can vary depending on when the diagnosis occurs. It is possible to have the disease for several weeks and not even be aware that you have it. You can take acetaminophen or ibuprofen to control pain and fatigue, but avoid Aspirin, as it has been proven responsible for Rye’s Syndrome in children. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle is one way to prevent many diseases and infections, but Mono can occur in anyone who has come in contact with the virus.
Valley fever cannot spread from person to person. Most people who are exposed to the fungus experience symptoms, but do not get sick. The signs—fever, cough, and exhaustion—are difficult to distinguish from the flu, and can last for weeks to months. In people with weakened immune systems, the infection can cause more severe conditions such as meningitis or death.
been previously touched by an infected person, will transmit the disease to the healthy person who
Pathogens are a type of microorganism that spreads viral and bacterial diseases. These diseases when present in human blood and body fluids are known as blood borne pathogens, and can spread from one person to another. (Worcester polytechnic institute) The most serious types of blood borne diseases are the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), which can cause liver damage; and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), which is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). The blood borne pathogens can be spread when the blood or body fluids (semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk, and amniotic fluid) of an infected individual comes into contact with mucous membranes or an open sore or cut on the skin of another person. Mucus membranes are located in the eyes, nose, mouth, and other areas as well. ("Bloodborne pathogens: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia") Two of the most common ways that pathogens are transmitted is through the exchange of fluids during sexual intercourse or by sharing infected IV needles. (Worcester polytechnic institute)
A patient should remain on bed rest and receive well balanced nutrition. Patients should be restricted from school and or work until fever is reduced and jaundice diminishes. If the patient is vomiting and or has diarrhea, they can be treated with antiemetic medications. Also, adequate water intake is necessary.
The incubation period for this virus is 10 to 50 days, depending on the amount of the contaminated source that was ingested. About 22,700 cases of Hepatitis A are reported annually. All people who ingest the virus are susceptible to illness, especially immune compromised individuals such as the elderly and children. Although, this virus is most common in adults. The individuals that ingested the contaminated product remain contagious 10 days following initial infection, most of the time prior to symptoms (1).
An infectious disease is caused by another organism whether bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic or rickettsia. Infectious diseases are transmitted through a direct transfer of bacteria, viruses or other germs from one person to another. This can happen when someone who has the bacterium or virus touches, kisses, coughs/sneezes on someone who is not infected. Noninfectious disease cannot be passed from one being to another. Non-infectious diseases are generic or life style related. Things such as Down syndrome and skin cancer are non-infectious diseases.
Viruses can be transmitted in many ways. Being in contact with an infected person will most likely transfer the virus. One can also obtain the virus through swallowing, inhaling, and unsafe sex. Poor hygiene and eating habits usually increase the risk of catching a viral infection. Contracting a viral infection is followed by adverse s...
for which no cure has yet been created. It is important to know however, that methods are currently available which can prevent the transfer of this virus, and even slow down its malicious effects. before they become fatal. It is equally important to know how to avoid getting the virus and also the symptoms in case you might run across them. They are all a lot.
... you should take baby aspirin (81 mg). The earlier a patient takes preventative measures the less a patient has to worry about taking other medication such Warfarin which have many adverse side effects such as excessive bleeding. Patients need to continuously check legs for any signs and symptoms of DVT.
Avoiding infection or, at least, breaking the chain of transmission is vital in any setting, but more so in healthcare environments where infections and vulnerable hosts are moving under the same roof. What needs to be done, then?