SUPPLY- SIDE CONSTRAINTS IN INDIAN STEEL INDUSTRY
Growth of Indian Steel industry has been hampered by inadequate infrastructure & raw material, regulatory and environmental hurdles, land acquisition delays, and social opposition. With 1 tonne of finished steel requiring handling and transportation of around 4 tonnes of bulk material, the expansion of steel capacity, even accounting for delays, exert tremendous pressure on India’s logistics infrastructure post-commissioning of projects.
Following are some of the supply-side constraints holding back the Indian Steel Industry:
1. Inadequate infrastructure
2. Insufficient Raw Material
3. Regulatory Hurdles
4. Land Acquisition
1. Inadequate Infrastructure in Indian Steel Industry
The growth of Indian steel industry has been limited by inadequate infrastructure and low carrying capacity, affecting not only the raw material supply but also distribution of finished steel. Poor railway connectivity and its inadequate capacity are major bottlenecks in output
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• In 2014-15, country imported around 15mt of iron ore as declining international iron ore prices encouraged steel majors to import the key steel-making raw material.
• In 2015, imports are expected to fall at 10mt because of re-opening of mines in Odisha and the huge pile ups in several mines.
• In Karnataka, production is set to increase by over 20% to 22 million tonnes in 2015-16.
(II) COAL
• The iron and steel industry, which primarily consumes coking coal and some high-grade non-coking coal, is the second largest consumer of domestic coal, although its consumption has decreased from 19% of total consumption in 1970-71 to about 7% in 2009-10.
• Coal India limited and its subsidiaries accounted for 462.42 million tonnes during 2013-14 as against a production of 452.21 million tonnes in 2012-13 showing a growth of
Less than 1% of the labor force is engaged in mining. In 1988 coal production was 14.5 million metric tons. Most of it from two principal coalfields the Lorraine coalfield near METZ, which is an extension into France of the Saar coalfield and the Nord-Pas de Calais coalfield around Lille, which is an extension into France of Belgium's Sambre-Meuse coalfields and is similarly thin-seamed, faulted, and difficult to work.
Coal production had become a driving force behind the United States industrial revolution. Coal was used for a variety of purposes including powering steam engines, iron manufacturing, and the heat in homes and towns. One of the largest users of coal in southern Colorado was the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company (CF&I). Their furnaces were heated with coal from, he Culebra Mountain range in the southern part of Colorado was known for having some of the richest coal in the state. The coal is glossy black bituminous coal the second highest grade of coal available.
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The Political, Social, and Legal Environment of Business. Case Study Analysis: Union Carbide Corporation and Bhopal. A single slip in action may cause lasting sorrow. A slight mistake in operation at a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, caused a lot of deaths and injuries. What a tragedy it is.
This paper will first discuss the development of the steel industry. Next, it will examine steel, and in the impact it had on the transportation industry. Finally, it will discuss systematic management practices of this time and how they gave birth to the scientific approach that is still in use today.
Coal has a very negative impact on the environment, one of the main impacts on the environment is the actual process of extracting the coal from the ground. The two ways that coal is mined, underground and surface, both have different effects on the environment. The first way that coal is mined is by digging tunnels and creating mineshafts underground and then removing the coal from th...
The major environmental benefits of increased scrap usage comes from the very fact that production of one ton of steel through the EAF route consumes only 9–12.5 GJ/tcs, whereas the BOF steel consumes 28–31 GJ/tcs and consequently enormous reduction in CO2 emissions. In addition, a discussion on various alloying elements in steel and their presence in residual concentrations in the scrap on steel properties also presented. Finally, this paper presents a discussion on policy issues that could enhance the use of scrap in steel making also presented (Yellishetty, 2011).
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engines, axels and the like - sits not in Detroit, Tokyo or Stuttgart, but in the
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"U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis."China Consumes Nearly as Much Coal as the Rest of the World Combined. U.S. Energy Information Administration, 29 Jan. 2013. Web. 22 Feb. 2014.