Introduction:
“Bioremediation is the process of using organisms to neutralize or remove contamination from waste” (Conserve Energy Future, 2017). It is an alternative way to manage or degrade materials, being eco-friendly, and much more cost effective compared to traditional techniques such as incineration. (Philp, 2015).
“Bioremediation is an attractive and successful cleaning technique for a polluted environment.” It has been used at a number of international sites, including Europe and South Africa, with varying degrees of success (Kumar et el, 2011).
It is important for two reasons, the first being that it uses no chemicals and the second is it can allow waste to eventually be recycled. There are two classes of bioremediation: In-situ
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There are two classes. In-situ bioremediation refers to using microorganisms to only treat groundwater and soil at its location. (Bisht et al 2011). Ex-situ is the treatment of contaminants of soil or water once it has been excavated or pumped out of the location at which it was found (Bioremediation, 2005). Understanding each type of bioremediation will emphasise its importance and stress why it is the solution to the world’s current growing problem of …show more content…
The plants are able to draw the contaminants into their structures and hold onto them, effectively removing them from soil or water (Conserve Energy Future, 2017). Bioventing – refers to the installation of wells in the contaminated area. These wells release oxygen into the contaminated soil to increase the growth rate of microorganisms (Hatzikioseyian, 2010). Bioleaching – removing metals from soil using living organisms. Certain types of organisms are drawn to heavy metals and others contaminate and absorb them. (Conserve Energy Future, 2017). Landfarming – occurs when the contaminated soil is removed from the environment. Nutrients are then added to the contaminated soil. These nutrients stimulate the degradation of the contaminants (Sharma, 2012). In order for landfarming to be successful, certain factors must be controlled. These include the moisture content of the soil, pH and the nutrients in the soil (Malik, 2006). Bioreactor – the use of specially designed containers to hold waste while bioremediation occurs (Conserve Energy Future, 2017). Composting – This method refers to the addition of a bulking agent (such as manure) to the contaminated soil (Bisht et al, 2011). This addition causes the soil to become more porous, resulting in an increase of oxygen entering it (Hatzikioseyian, 2010). Bioaugmentation – involves the
Remedial option B: Natural bioremediation (in situ); soil vapour extraction and activated carbon treatment of emissions.
What types of approaches are being considered for the cleanup? In 1990 and 2011 there have been numerous approaches considered for cleanup. Some of the approaches that are being considered for the cleanup are digging up contaminated soil from the Koppers area of the site, treating the dug-up contaminated soil, placing institutional controls on the Cabot area of the site, treating groundwater, and sampling groundwater and surface water.
Contaminated land is characteristically remediated to address environmental risks, risks to users of the sites, as well as financial and legal liabilities. In addition, with more and more pressure being put on our countryside for the development of new industries, business and also housing, there is an increasing tendency to build on existing sites to preserve Greenfield sites for future generations. Some of these existing sites may contaminate. The government has set targets for housing that 60% of all new housing should be built on existing "Brownfield" sites to preserve our countryside.
There are several types of treatment methods present but biological treatment methods have gained much traction in the recent years due to their low operation costs, comparatively benign effects on the environment and their ease of handling and maintenance. Biological wastewater treatment methods can be subcategorized into dispersed growth systems and attached growth systems. Biofilms fall under the latter category (Sehar & Naz, 2016)
Environmental pollution produces bacteria which results as diseases and disorders in humans, animals, agricultural plantations. The process of pollution occurs when toxins are released into the ground water from landfill sites, this pollution stays in the environment for hundreds of years, while they break dow...
Phase one in process of waste water treatment begins in the home, local businesses and community. Waste water from these buildings and surrounding areas travel through a pipe, or sewer which is sloped downward, and with the assistance of gravity, travels toward the waste water treatment plant. However, in larger communities or communities with unevenly leveled terrain, waste water cannot keep getting deeper to rely on gravity to transport the waste water and must pumped up by the assistance of a lift station so it may continue to travel to the water treatment plant. Once the waste water arrives at the waste water treatment plant, the first step is the removal of large debris such as diapers, underwear or other non-biological...
Composting is the process of biodegrading the waste material in which an enormous number of materials like hydrocarbons, nitrogenous compounds, acids, their derivatives and even other organic and inorganic substances can be remediated from the environment (Finstein et al., 1986). Compost pro...
The process of disposing waste, producing food, and purifying bodies of water is useful today. For example, communities that live in the desert, like in the southwestern United States and in the Middle East, can use this process to farm and survive. They can use the newly purified water for their crops or for their own consumption. In addition, when algae purifies water, it releases oxygen.
Also, when soil in and close production ranges turn out to be unclean due to dumping of excess material, such terrestrial cannot be used for farming processes. Pollution is also caused by iron and steel mills; zinc, lead, and copper smelters; municipal incinerators; oil refineries; cement plants; and nitric and sulphuric acid plants. Soil pollution is mostly due to elements in herbicides (wild plant killers) and pesticides (toxins which kill flies and other invertebrate mice). Litter is unused material put in public places such as streets, parks, picnic areas and near shops. The addition of waste intimidates the wellbeing of individuals in housing areas. Waste decays, heartens domestic rascals and goes urban places into unappealing, unclean and unhealthy areas to live in.( (Michael
...d trash on the soil in order to keep the soil fresh. My interest would be like find a material to transform those waste or trash as a <>. By that mean, Farmers, instead of buying chemical products to damage the soil, they would use that possibility to keep the soil safe and sound and save money too. Therefore, in order to improve air quality in my community, those disciplines would be highly required. It will also be very good for the safety of the environment.
Most importantly, it saves lives. We should all learn the importance of recycling. For example, some sea lions won?t get stuck in plastics if we recycle. We would also breathe better air. We can recycle and aluminum can and put it back on the shelf for something useful. If we just leave it in the landfill, it?ll decompose and it?ll be of no use. It?ll also reduce pollution or else it?ll make a new one.
Agriculture also leads to soil erosion, both through rainfall and wind. This soil can damage the aquatic ecosystems it ends up in, an...
Recycling is of great importance, and its importance is economic and environmental. It preserves natural resources, reduces depletion, reduces the amount of waste, reduces its growth, conserves the environment, cleanses it of some harmful waste, reduces unemployment and creates opportunities. New work.
...eochemical cycles. By increasing the amount of crops that are removed from the soil and the subsequent soil erosion, phosphorus levels in the soil have dropped. The phosphorus lost from the soils travels to aquatic ecosystems which then can cause massive algal blooms. The increased use of nitrogen based fertilizers has also altered that cycle. The fertilizers add high levels of nitrates to the soil, and in natural ecosystems, nitrates will undergo denitrification and be returned as atmospheric nitrogen. This is not the case because the nitrate levels exceed the levels of denitrification that bacteria can handle. Additionally, much of the denitrifying bacteria is found in marshes and wetlands, which are currently being destroyed at incredible rates. In some areas, the excess nitrate has made it into the ground water system and contaminated the drinking water system.
This process saves energy, and conserves resources by reducing the amount of renewable resources that would normally end up in a landfill or in an incinerator. These recycling plants “increase jobs in manufacturing while simultaneously increasing the Unite State’s competitiveness in industry. ”(Recycling | Reduce, Reuse, Recycle | US EPA.) There are also several long term benefits of recycling. For example, “collecting and processing secondary materials, manufacturing recy... ...