Increasing productivity in Kienyeji birds
By Fredrick Agutu (Department of Animal Sciences, Egerton University)
Kienyeji birds play important role in the livelihoods of most families in Kenya. These families can improve their income and supply of products (meat and eggs) by practising a combination of the following recommendations.
Feeding
Adequate feeding to maintain the bird’s body condition, growth and to produce meat and eggs. Their diet should consist of different nutrients aimed at meeting their body requirement for growth and production. Lack or shortage of nutrients results in poor growth, low egg and meat production and increased disease attacks.
Carbohydrates and fats provides energy (for movement) and maintains body temperature
Proteins replenishes the body’s muscles, organs and fluids, contributes to the growth of feathers, beak, claws, egg and meat production.
Minerals builds bones, produces eggshells and assists in chemical reactions inside the body
Vitamins maintain the body’s functions and
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Perches are preferred as birds like to sleep above the floor. Roosting on perches reduces boredom, minimises the contact between the birds and their droppings, and therefore help to prevent diseases. The perches can be made from rounded stick or straight tree branches matching the size of birds’ feet. Each adult chicken requires about 20 cm of perch space and if more than one perch is needed, they should be about 50 cm apart and at the same level to prevent birds from fighting to reach the highest perch when they come in to roost in the evening. Several housing structures including the dome-shaped stick/wire baskets, stick-built and standard poultry houses are ideal for poultry housing. Cleaning the chicken house helps to prevent and control diseases, especially external parasites such as fleas and
In “A Caged Bird”, it is made clear that this bird has never experienced the freedom of flying with the other species or perching atop the highest building. All it has ever known is the cage in which is has been kept and fed plentifully, yet not punctually, and nurtured with the love of an owner and proper care.
Most of the bones are pneumatic, meaning they are hollow and filled with air spaces connected to the respiratory system. Thus the hollow bones reduces the weight of birds which makes the lighter to fly freely.
This includes muscles, blood and skin, bones and teeth. Protein also helps regulate fluid balance, regulate acids and bases, carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells, work as source of energy and glucose, and works as antibody. Therefore, protein is an essential nutrient to the body. For this reason, Dawn needs to make sure that she is the consuming proper amount of protein. Furthermore, since Dawn wants to gain weight, an increase of the amount of protein can help her meet her
Fat around tailhead, beginning to feel spongy. Withers appear rounded over spinous processes. Shoulders and neck blend smoothly into body.” (Henneke et al., 1981). Protein is necessary in a horse’s diet as they can not produce the amino acid lysine and must be supplied in their feed.
Protein have connection with amino acid to help in functions of: skin, muscle, hair and bones
Hirsch, Veronica. "Legal Protections of the Domestic Chicken in the United States and Europe." . N.p., 1 Jan. 2003. Web. 13 May 2014. .
When eaten, protein is broken down into amino acids. Proteins and amino acids are used for almost every metabolic process in the body, and are the building blocks for every tissue in your body.
Proteins cannot be stored except in eggs and seeds and they form the body's main structural elements and. are found in every cell and tissue. The human body uses proteins for growth and to build and repair bones, muscles, tissue, skin, internal. organs and blood. Hormones, antibodies and the enzymes that regulate.
Recent concerns regarding the risks of Avian flu and other exotic diseases prompted some local poultry farmers to adopt strict biosecurity protocols in order to keep their birds safe. ...
"USDA ERS - Poultry & Eggs: Media Resources: Turkey Market." USDA ERS - Poultry & Eggs: Media Resources: Turkey Market. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Nov. 2013. .
KUMAMOTO JAPAN: Two Japanese chicken farms had to put down 112,000 chickens because of a new outbreak of bird flu. While there hasn’t been any transmission between birds and humans in Japan ever, the Avian Influenza Type A virus is still being handled with significant care to avoid any possibility of human harm. A Japanese Food Safety Commission publishing noted that avian flu was quickly broken down by stomach acid so there wouldn’t be foreseeable harm to any people if they ingested some of the contaminated chicken or their eggs. As a further precaution, authorities are banning the transportation of chickens and eggs within the affected areas. Additionally, vehicles are being inspected and disinfected near the chicken farms. These restrictions are posing financial problems for the farm owners who rely on steady sales to keep operating—the trade embargo and loss of a significant amount of livestock can be troublesome.
access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences
I have always been drawn to chickens since I was a little girl. It was only in my thirty’s that I first came in to contact with chickens on a farm. You would think that a city girl like me would be afraid, nope, I went right in to feed and sat in chicken poop. No one told me I shouldn’t sit in the coop and feed them, but I was fine with it, they calm me. Each year I keep telling myself I will move when I can have my chickens. I will cover the difference between meat and egg layers. I will discuss the different ways to home them, and keep them safe. Why should people keep chickens at all? In this research paper I will go over the information that I have read and how I feel personally about raising and keeping chickens in your back yard.
In order to perform at peak potential an athlete must fuel their body with nutritious foods. Proteins, carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables; these three-core food groups fuel a winning athlete. Proteins help build, teeth, bones and muscles, and create enzymes, red blood cells, long-term energy, as well, boost the immune system. Its functions are the most diverse of any food group. Protein consists of combinations of structures called amino acids that combine in various ways to make muscles, bone and tissues. They serve other functions as well including nutrient transportation and enzyme production for overall health beneficence. Adequate, regular protein intake is essential because the body does not easily store it. Various foods supply protein in different amounts with the highest quantaty coming mostly from animal products such as meat, fish, and eggs.
You've probably heard about how influential protein is to gaining muscle, but it also gives you