Summary
The proposed research will be focused on the methods of data collection and management for GIS applications in order to discover the best practice of collection and management of data for these systems. The significance of the proposed research is that it will enhance the development of GIS applications and enable a wider use of spatial data. The research is also important as it can be used to improve the efficiency and useability of GIS by providing users and developers with a better understanding of data collection and management best practices. It will be targeted to all forms of GIS users, from basic uses to industry applications, and aims to identify the current best practice for data collection and management. The objectives of the research are to identify current data collection and management practices and identify the best practice of data collection and management through a literature review. The research will be done as cross-sectional, descriptive study focused on GIS and the collection and management of spatial information. Data will be collected through a literature review of current academic sources and modern industry peak body publications. The methods of analysis include comparisons of different data collection and management practices, analysing the pros and cons of each practice, and the identifying similarities and differences of each practice. The study is expected to identify a best practice for the collection and management of data for GIS applications, provide a greater understanding of data quality standards, and extend the current literature of GIS.
Key Words
Data, Collection, Management, Quality, Best Practice, GIS
Introduction
The recent popularity of location-based decision making has con...
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...are a number of elements and processes involved in collecting data and maintaining quality. Davis et al. (2011) identifies three elements of data collection required by most modern GIS applications, the collection and organisation of large amounts of data, the integration of data from different sources, and the adaptation of the collected data to fit a standard framework. A data type classification and data collection flowchart has been established by Longley (Longley, Goodchild, Maguire, & Rhind, 2005), as can be seen in Table 1 and Figure 2 below.
Table 1: Classifying data types for collection purposes (Longley, Goodchild, Maguire, & Rhind, 2005)
Figure 2: Classifying stages in data collection (Longley, Goodchild, Maguire, & Rhind, 2005)
Table 1 shows the two major data types, primary and secondary, and what elements they include. Figure 2 outlines the
The subsequent sections provide detailed data information and example scenarios for each of the three types.
In response to the two basic types of urban data at the City of Windsor, two GIS web service providers are devised, respectively a vector data service provider and an aerial photo service. Web service providers are computer servers to publish maps. The vector data service provider is an Object-Relational Database (ORD) based server where all GIS vector data is stored and indexed. The aerial photo service provider is a RDMS based server. High resolution aerial photos are stored in RDMS as pyramid images that can accelerate data distribution at different scales. ArcSDE, a middleware that can facilitate data management, data transfer, and data interaction in one RDMS or among RDMSs, is used to help the data communication between the database servers and map servers.
In conclusion table 10-1 on page 292 list the three types of models. These models provide
The results will be displayed as data i.e. either table format of raw data, from this graphs will be constructed to illustrate the various types of data and the way it will be displayed
Technology and computers have revolutionized many of the aspects of our lives. Many professions and businesses have used technology to their advantage and completely changed industries. One profession that has drastically changed because of computers and technology is cartography or mapmaking. The impact of technology on geographic information and mapmaking has led to new techniques and skills for these now computer-based jobs and careers. New technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) have emerged in mapmaking. There are also new Internet-based map services including MapQuest and MapBlast as well as other digital maps.
The four key processes in the data quality management model are analysis, warehousing, collection and application of data (AHIMA 2)
Descriptive summary, including frequency and descriptive, was used to screen the data set. Among basic statistics to use were mean, median, mode, sum, variance, range, minimum, maximum, skewness and kurtosis.
Hillier, A., & Culhane, D. (2013). GIS Applications and Administrative Data to Support Community Change. In M. Weil (Ed.), The Handbook of Community Practice (2nd ed., pp. 827-844). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Retrieved from
Staff training in GIS technology, database operation and maintenance and good data documentation practises is essential.
The information system that interests me in this government department is a new established system called eKadaster (eCadastre). eKadaster is a development project initiated by the government of Malaysia but offered for further development to Precision Portal Sdn. Bhd. on 22nd December 2006. The main objective of eKadaster development is to shorten the time usually take to provide the owner with their land titles from previously 2 years to only 2 months. Other than that, the development of eKadaster is to create National Digital Cadastral Database (NDCDB) covering all Peninsular Malaysia. Moreover, the objective of developing eKadaster is to integrate eKadaster and eTanah (eLand) towards faster and efficient integrated spatial inform...
Geographers plan new communities, decide where new highways should be placed, and establish evacuation plans. Computerized mapping and data analysis is known as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a new frontier in geography. Spatial data is gathered on a variety of subjects and input onto a computer. GIS users can create an infinite number of maps by requesting portions of the data to plot.
One of the most basic measures that most be examined and planned involves the smallest units within the database, the fields. The fields are derived from the simple attributes that were defined in the logical data model. A few decisions need to be made regarding each of these individual fields. First what type of data is going to be storied in them? The data type that is assigned to each field should be able to accurately represent every possible valid value, while limiting invalid values as much as possible. Special consideration should be taken for any manipulations that will be done on the data as some data types allow these manipulations a lot easier than other ones. When considering data manipulations it is important to keep in mind simple things like addition, if finding the sum of the data field’s values the data type that worked for the fields may not be large enough to support the resulting summation.
This book is another addition to the list of introductory GIS textbooks. The book focuses on topics that are generally required to be learned in an introductory GIS class. The author infuses mathematical equations and formulas throughout the book to explain GIS tasks. This is helpful for the student to learn the fundamentals of GIS rather than simply learning GIS software. Apart from the occasional typographical errors and incomplete sentences, the chapters are generally readable and contain several flowcharts, pictures and the book is moderately priced. Each chapter ends with study questions and references. The author has tried to organize the chapters in ‘input-processing-output model’ or ‘model-view-control process’ or ‘use case of information function’ formats. In...
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GIS is an emerging method of data storage and interpretation. GIS is, simply put a database. It is many tables of data organized by one common denominator, location. The data in a GIS system is organized spatially, or by its physical location on the base map. The information that is stored in the database is the location and attributes that exist in that base map, such as streets, highways, water lines, sewers, manholes, properties, and buildings, etc. each of these items don’t just exist in the database, the attributes associated with the item is also stored. A good example of this would be a specific sewer line, from and arbitrary point A to a point B. Ideally, the sewer line would be represented graphically, with a line connecting the two points or something of the like. When one retrieves the information for that line in particular, the attribute data would be shown. This data would include the size of pipe, the pipe material, the upper invert elevation, the downstream invert elevation, the date installed, and any problem history associated with that line. This is the very gist of what a GIS system is.