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strengths and weaknesses of contingency theory of management
strengths and weaknesses of contingency theory of management
analysis of leadership practice as it relates to situational leadership
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According to (Uhl-Bien, Schermerhorn & Osborn, p. 306, 2014) contingency approach is the relationship between leader behavior and leadership effectiveness depends on the situation.
Contingency approach can be successful for a business when a manager will work to determine specific solutions to handle workplace issues and satisfy client’s needs. For instance, assignments by the manager will be delegated amongst employees based on relevant skills so deadlines can be fulfilled. If an issue occurs and it was anticipated, the problem can be dealt with accordingly since advanced precaution was taken. The ability for managers to utilize this approach is essential to control employees so they can get tasks done. Designating employees in certain job roles where they have the skills and are knowledgeable of their position can sustain success for a business (Contingency Approach…, 2015).
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This result can make a project more challenging where the lack of skilled personnel will not be able to accomplish the task at hand. When there’s pressure to meet deadlines, the manager has to assure that tasks are completed within a certain timeframe. The ability not to adapt to pressure or change might be detrimental to a manager who has one style which can inhibit growth. Unfortunately, if a manager is one dimensional, this can lead to failure for a business since this person is not versatile in many areas (Contingency Approach…, 2015).
The four leadership styles within the contingency model are directive leadership, supportive leadership, achievement-oriented leadership and participative leadership (Uhl-Bien, Schermerhorn & Osborn, p. 306,
2) “Attitude reflects leadership, captain”. That shows that Julius is satisfied by the way his captain is thinking. Managerial leadership has influenced organizational activities in many ways. These influences include motivating subordinates, budgeting scarce resources, and serving as a source of communication. We are referring to the LPC contingency theory. "The first and perhaps most popular, situational theory to be advanced was the ‘Contingency Theory of Leadership Effectiveness' developed by Fred E. Fiedler" (Bedeian, Glueck 504). This theory explains that group performance is a result of interaction. (Online reviews)
Relation Between Styles and Situations: This is the concluding component of Fiedler’s contingency representation, wherein he discussions the connection linking the circumstances and the suitability of leadership design. In accordance to Fiedler’s representation, the leadership efficiency is contingent on the circumstances, while one approach benefiting one condition may not automatically be applied in another. Consequently, it is the circumstances that provide an opening for the leader to encourage their underlings through the appropriate style of leadership technique. (Business Jargons, n.d.)
The main emphasis of Fidler’s contingency model of leadership effectiveness is on the interaction between a leader’s style of leadership and the favorableness of the situation for the le...
The basic premise behind trait theory was that are leaders born or made. Leaders trait research examined the physical, social as well as mental aspect of a individual. In general these studies simply look for significant associations between individual traits and measure of leadership effectiveness. The initial result was that leader trait was that there were no universal traits that consistently separate effective leaders from other individual but in final result explain that that early research considered the impact of situation variables that might moderate the relationship between leader trait and measure of leader effectiveness. Therefore due to lack of consistent findings l individual traits to leadership effectiveness, studies of leader traits were largely abandoned in 1950. Contingency approach is also an important approach in leader subject, this approach was first to specify how situational factor interact with leader traits and behavioral which influence leadership quality and its effectiveness of a person. According to theory leader should make contact with subordinates goal attainment, strengthen subordinates ' expectancies that improved performance will lead to valued rewards, and provide coaching to make the path to payoffs easier for subordinates. Path-goal theory suggests that the leader behavior that will accomplish these tasks depends upon the subordinate and environmental contingency factors. But this approach has not been successful as it has been criticize on both theatrically and method approach However, it remains one of the better-known theories of leadership and offers important in stories of the interaction between subordinate and
Situational leadership is a theory which was designed in 1969 by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard. The “contingency theories of leadership” states that a leader’s effectiveness is dependent on their behaviours in relation to different situational factors. Thus, situational leadership theory, relates to how a leader 's effectiveness is depend on their ability to adjust their leadership behaviour to the required level of the “followers” capability or if the situation is modified.
Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy Of Management Perspectives, 26(4), 66-85. doi:10.5465/amp.2012.0088
The behavioral approaches of leadership are consisted of four parts and they are: task-oriented, relational-oriented, change-oriented, and passive behaviors leadership (Derure, 2011). Task-oriented is divided into four part and they are: initiating structure, contingent reward, management by exception-active, boundary spanning, and directive (Derure, 2011). The initiating structure of task-oriented can be built of group members, coordinating group, and determining standard of task performance to ensure that the task is perform (Derure, 2011).The transactional leader can be referred to the contingent reward because it is made clear to leader what task to perform and the rewards for meeting those expectations (Derure,
The contemporary era is the time with constant changes and new demands. In view of this point, we can't put unitary leadership into real work. Accordingly, the term of "contingency leadership theory" (also namely "situational leadership") is given rise to by those situational factors. This theory notes that managers can vary their styles to suit different circumstances.
Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory (SLT) asserts that a leader’s effectiveness is dependent upon the readiness, or ability and willingness, of the leader’s followers to complete a task. This leadership style is an amalgamation of task-oriented and relationship-oriented characteristics that are employed depending upon the situation and the followers involved. According to the SLT, as followers increase in readiness the leader’s style is to adapt accordingly (Kinicki & Kreitner, 2009).
Usually Managers have the role to manage the company’s performance; therefore they must be trained professionally in the field of administration management, Project Evaluation and Maintenance management. The must also be well versed with the adhering to the objectives of performance management in a given company or a business organization. On the other hand, employees of the same organization must be sure and certain of their duties and roles. Certainly, they will work with an aim and focus to achieve specified goals of the company. An organization with suitable management acquires many professionals with appropriate skills and knowledge. On acquisition, the firm will have expectations towards achieving high standards performance across systems management. Such professionals will always work at the best interest of the company, with skill and care and they will go ...
“Situational theory tends to focus more on the behaviours that the leader should adopt, given situational factors (often about follower behaviour), whereas contingency theory takes a broader view that includes contingent factors about leader capability and other variables within the situation”
Contingency theory though developed by some researchers in Ohios University in 1940s but, it was popularized by Fiedler in 1967. The theory according to Fiedler (F1967) saw leadership behavior as a functions of three situational factors: leader–member relations which is the degree of confidence, trust, and respect members have in their leader; task structure which is the degree to which the job assignments are procedurized (that is, structured or unstructured); and position power which is the degree of influence a leader has over power variables such as hiring, firing, discipline, promotions, and salary increases.
We can divide the theories that deal with leadership in 3 chronological groups. First were the trait theories. Until the 1940's, research in the field of leadership was dominated by these theories. Second came the behavioral theories which were very influent until the late 1960's. Finally, contingency theories are the most modern theories about leadership.
A new element has been introduced by the contingency approach, which takes into consideration the impact of the organizational or work group on the extent to which given leader traits and behaviors will be effective. The approach was used mainly in the late 1960s and 1970s. Fiedler 's contingency theory, path-goal theory, the Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision-making model of leadership and the situational leadership theory are the most popular contingency
There are many different types of theories on leadership. There is Fiedler’s contingency theory, situational theories of leadership and House’s path-goal theory. These theories are used to make an individual or manager a more effective leader. They can be used as a guide for individuals and help them achieve whatever goal is set out by their organization or group.