Impact of the Global Downturn on Unemployment in Australia

Government Economic Policy In 1988 the government of the day was at a downswing of the business cycle with high unemployment rate (UE%) coupled with high inflation. This caused the real income (YR) to fall. The populus of Australia had less purchasing power causing the aggregate demand to fall (ÓD). With the people of Australia spending less and firms not selling enough inventories the government (G) had less taxation revenue and with firms trying to cut costs, they laid off workers. This caused G non-profitable expenditure (G1) to increase and thus caused deficit budgets.

Through the Domino Effect, mass and widespread unemployment was a major and constant theme in the Argentinian culture at the time. This further affected the government revenue dropped significantly as the export of the country faulted investment and imports were decreased exponentially due to the international depression. As a result of the decline in national revenue, grand deficits began to appear. To repair the shortage of the countries’ profits, the government began to borrow mo... ... middle of paper ... ...ed along with the industrialization of Argentina. However, during this time corruption politically and electoral fraud was a continuing issue.

The whole world along with the United States has experienced an economic downturn beginning with the recession in 2008, and unemployment from recessions affects all of society. There is always unemployment, it is natural, and thus dubbed the Natural Rate of Unemployment, and is normally 3%-5% of the labor force, due to frictionally unemployed workers with skills readily available and are either between jobs or fresh out of the education system. However, during recessions, economies face more severe unemployment rates. To completely understand unemployment and the recessions which cause it, one must know how to define GDP which defines recessions. GDP which is short for Gross Domestic Product is a method for measuring economic growth and prosperity.

In addition, there was a considerable softening in property prices, resulting in many companies/people having too much debt vs. too little wealth. With this, consumer confidence plummeted which in turn deteriorated consumption. Throughout the month of September and into October, the financial crisis spread from the United States to Europe, and all around the global economy, with economies contracting in growth. In response to the most challenging global economic conditions since the Great Depression, the 2009-2010 Budget and the Economic Stimulus Plan focused on nation building and was crafted to boost employment, create a solid foundation for future growth and place the Australian economy to capitalise on the global recovery. Key Initiatives Stimulus now and investment for the future A balanced stance on fiscal policy was targeted by the Government in response to the global recession between short and long-term policies.

By 2008, due to the failures of large financial institutions, there were severe liquidity problems within the US banking system. When the housing bubble peaked in late 2007 the values of securities linked to U.S. real estate pricing began to plummet (Stiglitz 55). This was a critical hit to financial institutions across the globe. Questions began to arise amongst consumers and members of government alike in regards to the solvency of banks due to poorly performing loans and mortgages, which in turn led to declines in the availability of credit. The complete loss of investor confidence impacted stock markets globally.

Investments fell and unemployment increased during the great recession as well. There were great losses in that recession; loses that were estimated to be around 30 trillion dollars. The years to come have brought wellness, as the unemployment rate started to decline once again. Some graphs are also included to demonstrate graphically how the economic state was. In 2010, a devastating and destructive earthquake hit Chile, and it brought nothing but loses and ruins.

Once Recession ended the GNP went up 7.9 percent in 1939. (Www.english.uiuc.edu) tells us that besides ruining many thousands of individual investors, this precipitous decline in the value of assets greatly strained banks and other financial institutions, particularly those holding stocks in their portfolios. Many banks were consequently forced into insolvency; by 1933, 11,000 of the United States' 25,000 banks had failed. The failure of so many banks, combined with a general and nationwide loss of confidence in the economy, led to much-reduced levels of spending and demand and hence of production, thus aggravating the downward spiral. “The result was drastically falling output and drastically rising unemployment; ... ... middle of paper ... ...its were contracting it; The Fed's inaction was the reason why the initial recession turned into a prolonged depression; The economy continually sank throughout Hoover's entire term.

Classic Economic Model versus Keynesian Theory: Recessionary Impacts The Great Depression in 1929, sparked by a crash in the stock market, was a time which the U.S. economy suffered a tremendous loss in productivity resulting in negative GDP growth. Consumer spending and investment slowed for the next few years due to massive unemployment. “By 1933, when the Great Depression reached its nadir, some 13 to 15 million Americans were unemployed and nearly half of the country’s banks had failed” (“The Great Depression”). In tough economic times British economist John Maynard Keynes believed that government should step in the short run to boost the overall demand by instituting some form of economic spending stimuli. Classical economic

The biggest financial issue that the United States is facing is the current recession we are in. By and large, a recession is a decline in any given country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), or negative real economic development, for two or more consecutive quarters of a year. During a recession the economy stops rising and starts working in reverse. Instead of adding new jobs, there are jobs being lost. Instead of companies making a capital gain, suffer a loss.

By examining the nation’s economic struggles during this time period (2007-2009), it will conclude that the current macroeconomic situation deals with unemployment, which is a direct result of the recession. It can be argued that the economic hardships of the great recession began when interest rates were lowered by the Federal Reserve. This caused a bubble in the housing market. Housing prices plummeted, home prices plummeted, then thousands of borrowers could no longer afford to pay on their loans (Koba, 2011). The bubble forced banks to give out homes loans with unreasonably high risk rates.