Chapter 5
Altering Consciousness through Drugs
Psychoactive substances= drugs that have psychological effects such as stimulation or distortion of perceptions.
Stimulant=a drug that _________ the activity of the nervous system. Stimulants elevate mood, increase feelings of well-being, and increase energy and alertness.
cocaine=
crack cocaine=
amphetamines=
Methamphetamine=
nicotine=
Tobacco accounts for more deaths in the U.S. than the combined total of alcohol, illicit drugs, firearms, car accidents, suicides, homicides, and AIDS combined according to a 1999 study mentioned in your textbook.
MDMA =
Depressant=a drug that _______ the rate of activity of the nervous system
Alcohol=
Opiates=
Prescription narcotics:
Category I= drugs for _______ pain (Dilaudid, Demerol, Fentanyl, Methadone)
Category II= drugs for ___________ pain (codeine, Percodan, Percocet, hydrocodone: Vicodin, Lortab)
Category III= drugs for ______ to moderate pain (Darvon, Darvocet)
Cannabis=
Sedatives=
Barbiturates=
Solvents and inhalants=
Most used drug in United States among high school seniors
(See chart 5.4) pg 208
1. alcohol 1. alcohol
2.
According to CDC in the year 2015 opioids played a part in 33,091 deaths. Now you may ask what an opioid is. An Opioid is a compound that binds to opioid receptors in the body to reduce the amount of pain. There are four main categories of opioids, one being natural opioid analgesics including morphine and codeine, and semi synthetic opioid analgesics, including oxycodone, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, and oxymorphone. The second category being methadone, a synthetic opioid, the third category being synthetic opioid analgesics other than methadone includes tramadol and fentanyl. The last category is an illicit opioid that is synthesized from morphine called heroin.
There are different forms of Opioids manufactured such as Morphine, Oxycodone, Buprenorphine, Hydrocodone, and Methadone. They are marketed under different brands such as Demerol, Oxycontin, Tylox, Percocet, and Vicodin and can be prescribed in liquid, tablets, capsules, and patches.
Crack is the name given to cocaine that has been transformed into a condensed, more pure, rock form that can be smoked. It is the most addictive form of cocaine due to a higher potency level than the typical batch of street cocaine. Crack cocaine has often been referred to as a ‘soul drug’ because it has a tendency to rob its victims of everything including money, family, morals, and even life itself. Furthermore, it is possible to become addicted to crack cocaine from the very first time it is used, creating a vortex of misery for those who come into contact with it. Compared to other drugs, crack cocaine has a rather short history in America since it was only introduced the 1980’s. However, within this short period, Crack cocaine
Smoking is the most preventable cause of death in our society. During 1995, approximately 2.1 million people in developed countries died as a result of smoking. One tobacco use is responsible for nearly one in five deaths in the United States. Lung Cancer mortality are about 23 times higher for current male smokers and 13 times higher for current female smokers compared to a lifelong never-smoker.
Is Prohibition (defined as a government decree against the exchange of a good or service) actually successful in reducing recreational drug consumption and drug-related violence? This is the question that will be analyzed in this paper. Drug enforcement officials frequently cite drug-related violence as a reason that drugs must be eliminated from our society. A contrary belief is that the system of drug prohibition actually causes most of the violence. Similar to alcohol prohibition in the 1920s and the rise of organized crime, drug prohibition inspires a dangerous underground market that manifests itself with violent crime throughout the U.S. and, in fact, the world. The illegal nature of drugs has significantly increased the price and the
Smoking is the cause of numerous citizens of the United States dying prematurely. The CDC (2014) explains, “smoking causes more deaths each year than: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, and firearm-related incidents”. Some deaths are unavoidable such as a vehicular accident, but a death by a cigarette is because the results of the decision the user made. Cassidy and Tramarchi (2011) describe, “Ci...
"Tobacco-Related Mortality." Cdc.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 01 Aug. 2013. Web. 16 Jan. 2014.
My first topic is the health risks and problems that smoking tobacco causes. Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable illness and death in the United States. Smoking costs the United States over $150 billion annually in health care costs. They cause an estimated 443,000 deaths each year. They cause many different cancers, like chronic lung disease, emphysema, bronchitis, and heart disease.
Within the United States, prescription drug abuse is the most common among students and teenagers.
Cigarettes contain nicotine which hardens your arteries and is responsible for heart disease. Cigarettes is also the number one cause for lung cancer, while compounds found in cannabis has shown to kill different types of cancer. Tobacco causes about 443,000 deaths annually, while marijuana has still not caused a single one. (American Cancer)
Tobacco use causes a number of diseases. Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, and causes lung diseases. Tobacco can lead to someone losing limbs and...
Amphetamines are typically used to provide the same effect that pure adrenaline does. The drug is specified for people with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity as well as narcolepsy, although if you decide to abuse the drug and use it for recreational purposes, you may start to feel paranoia and nervousness. Using amphetamines can also put a strain on the circulatory system by causing the user's blood pressure to increase suddenly. (Amphetamine) Long term psychological effects of the drug can cause something called amphetamine psychosis, which is much like paranoid schizophrenia.
The use of illegal drugs in the United States is considered by some to be the biggest problem in our society. Over 40% of high school seniors use some kind of illegal drug, and in a recent 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse showed that the three most common drugs are Marijuana used by 11,100,000 people, Cocaine used by 1,500,000 people, and inhalants that is used by 991,000 people nationwide.
From cocaine to marijuana, drugs come with different names and different symptoms. Cocaine for instance has symptoms of increased body temperature, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure. Methamphetamine (meth) on the other hand includes symptoms of a wired feeling, extreme weight loss, shaking, anxiety, and hallucination. Another drug is marijuana which includes side effects such as compulsive eating, bloodshot eyes, occasional paranoia, and hallucinations. Lastly and one of the most addictive is heroin which includes symptoms of euphoria, entering into a dreamlike state, or heroin could even act as a stimulant. All these drugs are different in their own way but some are connected because of their classification. Classifications of drugs include stimulants, cannabis, hallucinogens, antidepressants, depressants, narcotics, and inhalants.
The use of illegal drugs in the United States and other countries around the world is one of the biggest problems in today community. Illegal drugs are drugs that are restricted by the government. Moreover, some medical drugs have chemicals that can help people with pain and stress. But when people are under the influence of illicit drugs, they can experience many side effects such as: liver cancer, heart, and brain disease. Illegal drugs are being used by many types of people around the world; they cost a large amount of money and negatively affect people both psychologically and physically.