In Erie County, Pennsylvania, on November 5, 1857, Ida Minerva Tarbell was born to “Esther Ann McCullough and Franklin Sumner Tarbell.” She had one sister and two brothers, one of which died of scarlet fever. “The Tarbells, born Presbyterian, joined the congregation of the First Methodist, the only church in town.” The Tarbell’s association with the church had an impact on the choices and opportunities that she and her family had. After graduating high school, Tomkins states that Tarbell attended Alleghany College in Meadville, Pennsylvania, in which she would major in biology. After Alleghany College, Tarbell realized that her dream of being a biologist could not happen. There were not many jobs for women, so she took a teaching job and after two years quit. However, Tomkins also states that for many years the Tarbells went to the Methodist camp grounds; this lead her to the beginning of her career. She began as an “annotator by The Chautauquan editor.” Tarbell after several years quit The Chautauquan and followed her dream in attending the University of Paris, studying the French Revolution time period, and centering her focus on Madame Roland. Upon returning to America, she took a job with McClure’s Magazine and finally “wrote articles for The American Magazine.” Just as the Methodist religion had a major impact on Tarbell’s life, so did her father. He “decided to take his chances in the Titusville oil strike . . . Producers were desperately in need of oil-storage facilities, and Tarbell quickly designed and built a wooden tank with a capacity of five hundred barrels of crude oil.” As oil started to grow, so did the monopolies, which in turn pushed Ida Tarbell to be a muckraker and attack the Standard Oil Company by Joh...
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...he last was Standard Oil against Politics. Through this she believed her answer “was government regulation of transportation as a first step in legal control, accompanied by a return to the prewar ‘American Ideal’ similar to that extolled by her employer S.S. McClure.”
Works Cited
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Ida B. Wells Ida B. Wells was dedicated to journalism and letting people know what is going on. With her journalism investigation instincts, she uses to identify what excuses the whites use to identify lynch campaign against blacks. In the following essay, I will explain what reasons for this vicious and sustained campaign of violence against African-Americans. Ida B. Wells felt that the white should be considered as rapist more than blacks.
Lydia Marie Child was born on February 11, 1802 and died on October 20, 1880. During her life she wrote in many forms and on various topics, but Lydia was more than just a writer. She wrote short stories, biographies, science fiction, serialized fiction, children’s literature, historical novels and antislavery literature (Karcher 6). She was also a journalist and a feminist, and wrote about the American Revolution and Native Americans. She helped Harriot Jacobson escape slavery, encouraged reform and was an abolitionist. But, before she could help others, Lydia had to fight for her own right to advance and succeed. Lydia was born in Medford, Massachusetts, as the sixth and youngest child of Convers and Susannah Francis. Susannah died when Lydia was twelve, and she was sent to live with a married sister until the age of nineteen. Although Mr. Francis encouraged the intellectual advancement of his sons, he discouraged his daughter, Lydia, from her fondness for books (Myerson 5). Lydia continued to read and learn, without her father’s encouragement or help, an...
"SUPPLEMENT to the Pennsylvania Gazette. No. 2106." Copy of a letter from Governor Bernard to the Earl fo Hillsborough. The Pennsylvania Gazette, May 1769.
MacLean, Nancy. A. The American Women's Movement, 1945-2000. A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin, a.k.a.
Around 1851, Clara’s teaching career progressed. Between 1850 and 1851, she spent a year at the Clinton Liberal Institute, Oneida County, New York to further her own education. After her mother, Sarah Barton, died,
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Mary Cassatt had a wonderful childhood filled with travel and a good education. Mary Stevenson Cassatt was born in Allegheny Pennsylvania, which is now part of Pittsburgh on May 22, 1885 (Encyclopedia of World Biography 2). She was one of seven children, two of which did not make it past infancy (Creative Commons License 3). Her childhood was spent moving throughout Germany and France, (Creative Commons License 4) until her family moved back to Pennsylvania, then continued moving eastward to Lancaster and then to Philadelphia (Creative Commons License 3), where Cassatt started school at age six (Creative Commons License 3). Then continued her schooling at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in
Another important group in the fight against unjust societal institutions were the muckrakers, a new brand of investigative journalists who sought to expose issues including immigrant life and political corruption, among many others. Muckrakers were often encouraged to “terrify evil doers and arouse the consciousness.” In addition, many journalists regarded their craft to be the “guardian and nourisher of civic virtue.” By viewing their profession as an element of civic good, muckrakers gained a sense of legitimacy amongst the American media.
Chalmers, D. (1991). And the Crooked Places Made Straight-The Struggle for Social Change in the 1960s. Maryland: The John Hopkins University Press.
The Radical Reader: A Documentary History of the American Radical Tradition, ed. Timothy Patrick McCarthy and John McMillian (New York: The New Press, 2011), 584.
...ter the American Revolution, was one of the most serious bad economic days, and in order to help her family’s money, Deborah became the first female lecturer. She went to places like Providence, Rhode Island, New York, and many cities as the title of “The American Heroine.” She began her lectures dressed as a woman and then later went into her uniform and showed a soldier’s routine to fight. Then she did that for about 5 years then she got a job as a teacher again. Sampson was a teacher until she retired then she got even more sick because of her injures she sustained during war she had to get pills and go to doctors to get better. With the success of her tour Deborah refreshed her campaign she also gained the support of Paul Revere, he went to her farm in 1804 then he wrote a letter to the Congress.
Jones, W. T. Masters of Political Thought. Ed. Edward, McChesner, and Sait. Vol. 2. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1947.