IVP

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Recommended: a composition of substance and drug abuse on domestic violence

Introduction
According to Murray and McKinney (2014), intimate partner violence (IPV), also known as domestic violence, is defined as abuse by a current or former partner or spouse. This includes physical, sexual, and emotional abuse. It is unfortunately one of the utmost widespread types of violence against women, and affects adolescent girls and women of all ages. “Although women can be violent in relationships with men, often in self-defense, and violence sometimes occurs in same-sex partnerships, the most common perpetrators of violence against women are male intimate partners or ex-partners (World Health Organization, 2012, pg. 1).” These women encounter actions that consist of physical, sexual, emotional, and psychological abuse, terrorization, threats, isolation from friends and family, and stalking. A major influence that is related to IPV is substance and alcohol abuse by both the victim and abuser. Statics show that 45% of males and 20% of females confessed to drinking at the time of abuse (Fife, 2011). Intimate partner violence is not discriminative and though various research indicates that certain financially deprived groups have a greater occurrence, this kind of violence is seen throughout all socioeconomic, cultural, and religious groups. In fact, IPV is experienced by nearly 1.5 million women around the world every year (Intrapartum Management Modules: A Perinatal Education Program, 2009
Intimate Partner Violence as it Relates to Pregnancy
Numerous individuals are falsely lead to believe that pregnant women only experience very little intimate partner violence compared to the population of non-pregnant women. Granted the occurrence of mistreatment certainly varies, approximately 342,000 pregnant women are abused ...

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... experiencing intimate partner violence during pregnancy have several injuries on the face, arms, buttocks, abdomen, and breasts. These injuries can include wounds, burns, any vaginal or rectal bleeding, bruises that appear in different phases of healing, and/or any indication of old or new fractures (Murray, McKinney, 2014). These types of physical injuries cause a great deal of mental health issues. The nurse will be able to assess concerns such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These problems lead to an increased abuse of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use as a way for the woman to self-medicate all of her pain and suffering away.
Addressing the Issue as a Future Nurse
As a future nurse I will have the unique opportunity to play a significant role to step up and intervene to deal with such an underreported and under recognized issue.

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