A study on insects composition in a mangroves forest has been conducted along Sungai Chukai in Kemaman mangrove forest,Terengganu. The fieldworks were carried out in June 2012, February and July 2013. Two standard methods on capturing insects were applied namely the Yellow Pan Trap and Malaise Trap. All traps were installed in 4 zonation area and each zone were represente by 3 plots. The traps were set up for 3 days and all the samples were collected on the 4th day and preserved in the bottles contain 75% of Ethanol. The insects specimens were brought to the laboratory for sorting and identification processes. In overall, there were 7779 individuals insects collected comprises of 16 orders and 125 families. The most abundance insect was recorded from the order of Diptera (4057 individuals), followed by Hymenoptera (1503 individuals), Coleoptera (724 individuals), Lepidoptera (623 individuals), Hemiptera (509 individuals) and Collembola (209 individuals). All these dominant orders can be found in all zonation. While, on the other hand there were also the least abundance insects found which were identified from the order of Microcoryphia, Neuroptera and Dermaptera. These orders were represents by 1 individuals respectively. From the results, it found that zone 3 (2876 individuals) has recorded with the most abundance of insects, followed by zone 1 (1680 individuals),zone 4 (1628 individials) and last but not least zone 2 (1595 individuals). According to diversity index, Shannon-Wiener index, zone 2 has showed the most diverse insects with H’ value is 3.34, followed by zone 4 (3.28), zone 3 (3.24) and zone 1 (2.34).
INTRODUCTION
Insects are one of the most abundance organisms on earth (Sajap et al 1999; Ananthakrishnan and Sivaramak...
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...5), the disturbance and pollution in certain area might influence the diversity of insects and the diversity would be higher in the area with less disturbed. Furthermore, low diversity of insects also might affect by the destruction of their natural habitat and convert into other purposes. All these issues poses a major threat to insect communities in the forest (Sajap et al 1999).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the composition of insects in Kemaman Mangrove forest are diverse. The database on insects abundance and species richness are vital and must documented before it loss due to anthropogenic activities. The area within the Chukai town is rapidly developed and these may become the major threat to insects inhabit in the mangrove forest. Furthermore, this preliminary study also could be the baseline for further study on insects conservation and bioindicator approaches.
Insects are a vital part of our earth’s ecology. They play various roles as pollinators and as food sources for other animals, without them our food would be drastically reduced. Due to the high amounts of species from the order Insecta, there are key taxonomic features used to classify different specimens from each other.
Merchant, M. Insects in the City. Texas A&M Agrlife, 14 Aug. 2012. Web. 10 Nov. 2013.
There are nearly one million species of insects known. Insects are defined by having six legs and a body divided into three segments: head, thorax, and abdomen. Chitin is an organic material that makes up an insects exoskeleton. There are three life cycles of insects, ametabolous or incomplete and paurometabolous or gradual, and homotabolous or complete metamorphosis. These life cycles are important in the aging of insects for aiding in legal investigations, (Houck and Siegel. Entomology).
The biodiversity of this particular biome is vast and rapidly growing. One of the main reasons that there are so many species and animals living within this biome is due to the constant warm weather. It also supplies an almost 100% chance of water and food for the animals within. Small animals, including monkeys, birds, snakes, rodents, frogs and lizards are most common in tropical rainforests. Most of these animals and some insects rema...
The purpose of the lab is to measure the biological diversity to assess the overall health of local streams. The more diverse the stream is with insects the healthier it is. Benthic macro-invertebrates are organisms that live underwater in streams. The Shannon diversity index is another index that is commonly used to characterize species diversity in a community. We also used an EPT index which ultimately measures the quality of the water based on the absence or presence of certain benthic macroinvertebrates. The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water. The Hester-Dendy sampler where aquatic macro-invertebrates will colonize the spaces between the rough textured plates of the sampler. The National
Chapman, R. F., Simpson, S. J. & Douglas, A. E. (2013). The Insects: Structure and function (5th ed.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
From visible examples of lantana, lily pads, moss, grey gums, string bark gum trees, spotted gum and iron bark. There was already a visible understanding that bunyaville has and immense range of plant species. Along with the animals mentioned that were seen, there was an extensive amount of bugs and insects in the park range. From one test being the forest floor scavenge; five different bugs were found, numerous times. Though these bugs are common household bugs, they were in large numbers. As mentioned before, the data taken for the species in bunyaville, is slightly restricted, as there wasn't enough time to search for every species of bug found in the
The writer of this documentary is Hellstrom, a scientists and a professor who studied the documentary about insects. It causes him his friends, two fellowships, one assistance professorship, even a few friendships. After nine years of concentrated works, l have learned something no one else wants to hear .We as a specie must pass from one existence to another without knowing why. Man significance of the beauty of nature is always true. “Life must take life in the interest of life itself”. It is a mistaken arrogant that with a great size significance for the less visible ones enemy the more powerful its treat. A radiation control of block valley Nevada currently tested the effects of radiation on living tissue that conducted. Man begins to wonder how to withstand the effects of its own technology for the future of its own technology. To most of the animal he tested was equally vulnerable, but upon all this radiated environment, all living things began to die and there came an unexpected survival one and only creature that survived the adaptability of thunderstorms, lightening and earthquake is the insects which has more power to adapt the changing forces of its environment. If any living specie needs to inherit the earth, it will not be man. Even when any poisonous or hydrogen bomb erupt the earth, we will face a completion, and for the earth it’s self. We well be overrun by the equipped army entering the context with great capability and able to adapt without our imaginations.
Insects require less land and food to grow, reproduce quickly, (obviously) do not require harmful chemicals like pesticides, and moreover, do not carry the growing social stigma meat-eating has garnered in recent years. Density rich and quick to multiply, they already nourish millions of people currently living below the poverty line, and what’s more, can be used to fatten livestock should the global demand for beef, pork and poultry persist. Tainted rain-runoff, often laced with pesticides and nutrients from the fertilizer would become less common, which would help regulate pollution levels in rivers, lakes and other freshwater bodies. Furthermore, instead of drowning crops in insecticides, which have been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases, insects that are attracted to crops can be harvested as meat sources.
In cases where there is a suspect, it is applied to find the associations between the victim and the suspect, as well as to assist in the collection of DNA samples. The insects that have forensic importance among others includes various types of Flies (order Diptera) and beetles (order Coleoptera). For examples, Blow Flies (Family Calliphoridae), Holarctic Blue Bow Flies (Calliphora vomitoria), Oriential Latrine Flies (Chrysomya megacephala), Carrion beetles, Rove beetles, Hide Beetles and Sap beetles (Byrd & Castner, 2001; Norm, 1971). When carrying out a forensic entomology analysis, proper species identification is a crucial aspect, as it enables the development of accurate data and distribution ranges which will be used in the investigation (Payne & Manson,
The article addresses the ecological impact of palm oil plantation in Indonesia and Malaysia. The author conducts a descriptive study of how the increased demand for palm has impacted biodiversity especially indigenous animals such as orangutan. In order to assess the impact of palm oil plantation on orangutan’s habitat, the author conducted a literature review. The author notes that the need to expand land for palm oil expansion has negatively impacted the composition and the size of orangutan’s habitat. These findings imply that sustainable environmental policies and techniques need to be developed and implemented so as to mitigate the negative impact of the palm oil plantation of orangutan’s habitat.
Insects are all over the world, from the Tropics to the Tundras. They extremely diverse.
Biodiversity is essential for a healthy and functional ecosystem. If wildlife is extracted from its natural habitat, the delicate balance of the ecosystem will be disturbed which will then lead to disastrous results. For instance, there is a wide diversity of species living in a tropical rain forest. If any species should become extinct, the food chain will be disrupted affecting all the species. Wildlife maintains ecological balance and the organisms have their unique positions in food chains, food webs which keep ecological balance. The bee for example. Certain plant species completely rely on bees to reproduce. The bee carries their pollen (male gametes) to the female stigma of other plants of that species. If not for the bee, some species of plant would not survive, and animals that eat those plants may not survive. According to WWF-Worldwide Fund for Nature, today only half of Borneo’s original forest cover remains, down from 75% in the mid 1980s. Experts predict that, without quick action, within 10 years nearly all of Borneo’s lowland forest will disappear. For this reason, promoting biodiversity is one of the main reasons why we should protect wildlife. Borneo’s forests are disappearing at the rate of 1.3 million hectares each year driven by multiple factors including road building, logging the development of palm plantations, and forest fires. The growing desire of international markets for hardwoods has accelerated logging activity. Once cleared, nearly all land is converted to palm oil plantations. There are currently 2.5 million hectares under palm oil production on Borneo, although that number continues to rise
The class Insecta of the kingdom Animalia is a distinct class that levels down to a select few species that have the certain characteristics required to be classified into the class of Insecta. By basic entomology standards, classifying a species in the class of Insecta requires that the species have three body segments and have three pairs of legs. Species included in the class Insecta are beetles, butterflies, ants, and mosquitos. Insects are everywhere and are vital to an ecosystem, even those considered to be pests have a certain role that can only be carried out by that one species. “An insect is a six-legged animal that goes through…metamorphosis.”(Facklam 11) Each insect has three body segments the segments are divided into the head, home to the antenna, mouthparts, ocellus, and the compound eye; the thorax, which mainly includes the leg pairs as well as the fore and hind wings if any; and lastly the abdomen, which is home to the reproductive organs, the cercus, and the spiracle.(Spencer 6) Essentially insects are easy to identify as an insect due to their distinct features. Among these features, however, there
Insect, small, air-breathing animal characterized by a segmented body with three main parts—head, thorax, and abdomen. In their adult forms, insects typically have three pairs of legs, one pair of antennae, and in most instances, two pairs of wings. Insects rank among the most successful animals on Earth. About one million species of insects have been identified so far, which is about half of all the animals known to science. That is why for every pound of human on the earth there are 10 pounds of insects. So that is why there are many reasons why insects are so successful, their exoskeleton, their size, their body function, the way they reproduce, and their development of metamorphosis.