Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a tasteless, odorless, colorless gas. Hydrogen is found in group 1 and period 1 on the periodic table. Hydrogen is classified as a nonmetal on the periodic table. The symbol for hydrogen is represented by an H, its atomic number is 1, and its atomic weight is 1.0079. The hydrogen atom consists of one proton, which has a positive charge, and one electron, which has a negative charge. The term hydrogen comes from two Greek words meaning water-former. Henry Cavendish, an English scientist, discovered it in 1766. Named by Lavoisier, hydrogen is the most abundant of all elements in the universe. The sun and many other stars consist of mostly hydrogen. It is the third most abundant element on earth. It is estimated that hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all the atoms or three quarters of the mass of the universe. Hydrogen plays an important part in powering the universe though both the proton-proton reaction and carbon-nitrogen cycle. Hydrogen occurs in almost all organic compounds. Many of the compounds found in plant and animal tissues are organic. Production of hydrogen in the U.S. alone now amounts to about 3 billion cubic feet per year. Some of the methods that hydrogen is prepared by are steam on heated carbon, decomposition of certain hydrocarbons with heat, action of sodium or potassium hydroxide on aluminum, or displacement from acids by certain metals. Hydrogen may be condensed to a liquid that boils at -257.87°C and freezes at -259.14°C. Hydrogen ...
Oxides of Hydrogen Introduction: Hydrogen atoms can react with oxygen atoms forming different compounds. There are mainly two types, one is water and the other is hydrogen peroxide. Structure: A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom joining together by covalent bonds. The shape of it is bent and its bond angle is of 105°. The structure is shown below.
Elements are the basic building blocks of matter due to the fact that they are chemically the simplest substances. Whether we can find them in the air or in our gold/silver necklaces, elements are everywhere! One essential element is hydrogen, the first element on the period table (located under Group 1 as an alkaline metal) is composed of a single proton and electron; therefore having an atomic number and atomic mass of 1 and electron configuration of 1s1. In fact, hydrogen is the lightest, simplest and most commonly found chemical element in the universe (it makes up about 90% of the universe by weight). Interestingly enough, the heavier elements on the periodic table were either made from hydrogen or other elements that were made from hydrogen. The most common isotope formed of hydrogen is protium, with 1 proton and no neutrons. Hydrogen can also exist as both positively or negatively charged. The physical form of hydrogen at room temperature is a colorless and odorless gas. Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable and because of this chemical property, it is used as fuel for the main engine of space shuttles. Hydrogen is an important element and has received a lot of recognition throughout history for its usefulness.
Hydrogen forms lots of important bonds, primarily with the elements fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. A hydrogen acceptor is an element that accepts hydrogen atoms and is attracted to them. The most common compounds formed by hydrogen are hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and water. Hydrogen bonds are also significant in the construction of synthetic materials, such as nylon, and organic materials like wood and cotton. Hydrogen also bonds with oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is a very common household oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is used to give white laundry a bleach-free bleaching. Mix it with backing soda for a painful toothpaste substitute. Remove wine, blood, tea, and coffee stains from most fabrics. Make a solution with water and scrub your sink! Water your plants with a peroxide solution to make them perky!
In the face of a potential H2N2 epidemic, New Jersey’s Health Commissioner enforced a statute requiring the vaccination of all public health professionals, school-age children, pregnant mothers, and asthmatics. The law also prohibits people outside these high-risk groups from receiving inoculations voluntarily until these classes of people are fully vaccinated. The states, as governments of general jurisdiction, have police powers to pass legislation designed to protect society’s health and safety. As such, New Jersey needs no specifically enumerated constitutional power to enact such legislation. Indeed, the Supreme Court in Jacobson v. Massachusetts upheld a state law requiring mandatory immunization even in the face of concerns about vaccine safety and bodily integrity.
procedure to end pregnancy and take away the life of an unborn baby. An abortion can be done two different ways using medicine or surgically removed by removing the embryo of the fetus and placenta from the uterus(“Abortion”).Both
Standardized testing is the most commonly used and well known method of testing used in the United States and many other countries around the world, but can harm educational quality and promote inequality. Standardized testing is used to determine student achievement, growth and progress. Standardized tests are tests that attempt to present unbiased material under the same, predetermined conditions and with consistent scoring and interpretation so that students have equal opportunities to give correct answers and receive accurate assessments. The idea is that these similarities allow the highest degree of certainty in comparing results across schools, school districts, or states. Standardized tests are also used to determine progress in schools,
The term Test standardisation ensures that everything is the same for all participants and scores from a test will be marked by comparing individual scores against an average of people within the same circumstances and age group, For example a test designed for adults would not be sat by children and vice versa. An example of the importance of test standardisation can be seen in the Wechsler test which originally gained its test norms by comparing people from white, educated, empowered backgrounds however the most recent updated version ensured the test was more accurate by testing people with different social and educational backgrounds resulting in a fairer more accurate
Many differing opinions exist on what needs to be done about our current status of conserving energy and conserving our environment. With increased gas prices and energy costs, consumers are more aware of what benefits are available and the methods of obtaining them. The introduction of hydropower has been a major step for some, while a stumbling back for others. Advocates for hydropower have provided much information about the many benefits that we reap from using hydroelectric dams. Environmental activists denounce the many negatives that are created by the numerous dams located throughout the United States as well as other countries. Both sides present valid arguments and need to be addressed in order to fully understand the complex social, biological, political, and economic pros and cons.
There is added pressure to schools to get better scores which adds pressure to the educators and the students. The added pressure can cause health problems with the students or the educators. If health problem come from the stress of the tests it could negatively affect the student’s ability to learn (Pros and Cons, 2013). The test itself is a problem as well. The test is supposed to be unbiased based on the grade level but in most cases the test is not. As much as they try...
I will need to be able to assist parent in interpreting their child’s standardized test scores. I will need to be able to explain why students are tested and explain what the different types of scores are. How I can help my parents is help them understand that these test are tools to track their student’s progress, strengths, weaknesses, and if their students is working up to their full potential. If my parents are really concerned I can provide them with information that will help answer any questions they have. I can also have my parents speak with the school’s counselors if they are still concerned after talking with
It is very common to hear that standardized tests measure students hability to test and not how much they have learned . A standardize test can’t determine student’s skills properly, because they are not tailored to different learning styles, they do not measure overall studen capacity for aplication and use of knowledge.
Hydrogen is one of the most abundant elements on the earth. It can be found in the oceans as well as the atmosphere. Over the last few years, talk about the future of hydrogen power has grown from a whisper to a roar. The use of hydrogen is not just the burning of the gas, but of its use in a fuel cell. Fuel cells might be the device that causes the extinction of the internal combustion engine. A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity from a fuel and an oxidizer, a substance that combines with the fuel. The fuel and oxidizer react chemically at two separate electrodes to produce the direct electric current; These cells use hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen as the oxidizer. Hydrogen power could be the silver bullet to the current and future energy situation.
Standardized testing can be traced all the way back to the seventh century in China. Chinese officials started to administer written test to select individuals for civil service. Standardized testing is more common than most people realized and had important parts in America’s history. Tests in any subject let you know how you’re doing and a standardized achievement test is not any different. A standardized test allows the pupil to know how they are doing in a larger view. The only difference between a standardized test and regular old class test is the standardized nature of the one that is in fact standardized. The scores for standardized achievement tests can mean many different things from being college ready to proficient in math.
Yet, I have clearly shown that the fetus is a separate person with its own heart, lungs, brain, and all different body organs. The oppositions would say that it is the woman’s right to terminate her own pregnancies. Yet, in the eyes of the law two charges are filed when someone kills a woman and her fetus, so how is it her right to kill another human being? A woman doesn’t have four arms, four legs, two heads, four kidneys, two hearts, and two brains… so how is it only her body?
Standardized testing is used in schools to test if students learn the information they are taught and how well they apply it. These tests usually measure if a student can successfully meet the state standard requirements set by each individual state. All of the students are expected to take these tests and be prepared for them. However, the amount of tests they take can sometimes be too much for students to handle. There is a growing concern among parents, teachers, and students of the overabundance of standardized testing throughout the United States. Students are required to take these tests and can be overwhelmed with the amount of material they have to know. With everything that is required of teachers, sometimes it is difficult