The humanistic psychology tends to aim at the latent possibility of individuals while emphasizing on the growing process and perceived personality. The underlying principle of humanistic psychology is that humans are naturally decent and mind and societal issues arise from unacceptable behavior that is sharply different from customary, traditional, or accepted standard. Also, it insinuates that people are inspired to employ this free will to engage in whatever that will make it easier for them to succeed in doing or gaining something with effort. Nevertheless, a person continues to explore strategies to develop, progress, acquire information or skills, and to encounter psychological growth and self-actualization. In this paper, it will discuss …show more content…
One of the similarities of the theories, they both believed for someone to arrive at a particular place in life that certain criteria must be met before they have the capacity to develop, succeed, or become something in life. Also, another similarity is that both theories view people as focusing on suitable things rather than the bad, stressing on their inner qualities and natural ability to grow (Didius, 2014). Nevertheless, the both beliefs have differing opinions in self-actualization. The Maslow theory indicates one event that is followed by another event and can be only achieved if the levels beneath meet its conditions. While Roger’s theory the person-centered relates to therapeutic approach of people and tends to focus on the individual itself. Roger’s theory allows the individual to reflect on themselves, therefore being in a position to develop and improve on their …show more content…
Furthermore, the Maslow pyramid divides these needs into five different groups in the pyramid. The pyramid shows the psychological needs according to the fundamental and complex necessities, which the lower level demonstrates that core needs and the top of the pyramid identify the complexity of requirements. The physiological needs comprise of taking in air, a source of nutrients, and water. However, these lower needs have to be met as a requirement to advance to the next level. Secondly, the need for safety is also an element, which involves security, providing a living quarters and job security. The third level, which includes love and belonging, it refers to being intimate and establishing relationships with friends and family. The fourth level, which describes the degree of esteem, and it, becomes critical of the individual to acquire a feeling or attitude of admiration and the gratitude of others. The self-actualization is the last level, and it is the peak of the pyramid where people have a balanced and honest view of their personality and can interact with others with confidence. Also, focus on growing and being curious about satisfying their goal in life. According to Maslow, these particular needs may differ for an individual based on their importance (Verywell,
Person- centered therapy is more of a psychotherapeutic than psychodynamic model that goes over what empowers people in more of a depth comprehensive way. Rogers believed that one should focus on their own current interpretation of a situation rather than another’s interpretation. He believed that being genuine and empathic to the client helps get to the root of a confrontation and makes it easier to help the person become nostalgic and problem-less. Rogers and Maslow theories are similar but Roger’s theory doesn’t have such a simplicity stage model like Maslow. Nevertheless, both helped the actualization of one’s true self-become easier for
The nature of human beings is normally viewed to be good. The humanistic theorists emphasize on the many ways that can permit the fulfillment of full potential. This theory is related to therapy and development. Some of the main contributors to this theory include: Abraham Maslow, Victor and Rollo May. These theorists recognize that the determination of life as well as the role of suffering and nervousness.
On April 1, 1908, Abraham Harold Maslow was born in Brooklyn, New York to two Jewish immigrants from Russia (Boeree, 2011). He was raised in Brooklyn, briefly studied law at the City College of New York, transferred to Cornell and then back to CCNY, and then graduated from the University of Wisconsin (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, n.d.). Interestingly enough, he married his first cousin, Bertha, against his parent's wishes (Boeree, 2011). Next, he began teaching at Brooklyn College, where he met people like Adler, Horney, Fromm, Gestalt, and many Freudian psychologists (Boeree, 2011). Finally, he transferred to Brandeis University where he served as the chair of the psychology department and began his campaign for humanistic psychology (Boeree, 2011). As his life progressed, he spent his retirement in California. On June 8, 1970, he died of a heart attack after many years of bad health (Boeree, 2011).
Five levels on a pyramid are initiated to explain the most basic of needs to harder to obtain ones. They are ordered physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Physiological needs include fundamentals such as food, water, sleep, and shelter. Next, safety is the stability one has to maintain life, for instance, personal well-being and health are included. After that comes love and belonging, having friendships and family as major aspects. In addition, esteem is the last of the most important levels of needs. It contains one’s positive feeling of importance and status. Last, and least important, self-actualization is the desire to be at one’s fullest potential. If the first four are not met, it may cause tension and anxiety, according to Maslow. Biff passed these levels with flying colors, as he wanted to do more and excel in college athletics, until things were changed after Biff saw his idol’s
According with Maslow, all human being do have the same innate needs that active and drive their behaviors. These needs were organized from stronger to weaker in a pyramid known as hierarchy of needs, where the stronger need should be meet before people can have the need to accomplish the weaker one. Moreover, people can go back to the first need at any point of their life. The first two need are known as deficit needs or biological needs because without them people create a deficit in their body. The last three one are known as growth or psychological needs and are not essential for human survival.
The Humanistic approach is a psychological perspective which studies the whole person and each individual’s uniqueness (McLeod, 2007). Humanistic psychology began in the 1940s and 1950s by a group of prominent psychologists such as Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, and Charlotte Buhler, who felt that behaviorism and psychoanalysis had many limitations and that a person’s behavior is connected to his inner feelings and self-image (Frye, 2015). They believed in the human capacity for choice and growth and that individuals have free will and make conscious choices (Frye, 2015). The humanistic approach emphasizes that behavior is influenced by a person’s environment and that social interactions greatly influence the development of a person (Frye, 2015).
The physiological level is at the bottom of the hierarchy, and the needs that need to be met in order to move onto the next level include food, water, air, sleep and sex. These needs are considered necessary for survival and reflect primary needs. The second level is the safety level. This level’s needs are home and shelter. Love and belongingness is the third level, which is where people have the need to love them, and they to love them in return. This level is closely related to the needs of relationships. Esteem is the next level in the hierarchy, and it is where a person is comfortable with who they are. The final level is self-actualization, which is where a person meets their fullest potential. The more demanding levels are towards the bottom of the hierarchy, while the more distinctly human levels that involve growth are towards the
These Humanistic theories have had a significant influence on psychology and the pop culture. Many psychologists now accept the idea that when it comes to personality, a person’s subjective experience has more weight than the objective reality. Humanistic psychologists’ today focus on healthy people, rather than troubled people, which has also been a particularly useful contribution. This theories regarding personality have been criticized and a general agreement in regards to some of the qualities involving personality is that almost all theorists can agree that personality should be defined as a unique and individual set of psychological characteristics that each human being possesses.
Humanistic psychology relies on client centred therapy and the idea that each individual has the potential to achieve a position in their psyche named self actualisation. Humanistic psychology differs from psychodynamic theory in that it is optimistic about the human psyche and does not view conflict as inevitable. Humanistic psychology assumes people attach meaning to their unique perspectives on the world and that behaviour is strongly influenced by this. Carl Rogers defined the healthy personality as being one that had congruence between the perceived self and the experienced self and that the individual in question experienced unconditional positive regard from their parent or guardian. He defined an unhealthy personality as being one which lacked these components. Abraham Maslow alternatively suggested a hierarchy for which a person’s healthy personality could be measured by stages of psychological and physical needs (see diagram 2). He suggested that, for a person to achieve self actualisation and become a fully functioning person, they must first satisfy all the needs of each level in the pyramid before moving onto the next
The psychoanalytic approach, proposed by Sigmund Freud, is based on the idea that childhood experiences significantly influence the development of later personality traits and psychological problems. In addition, psychoanalysis emphasizes the influence of unconscious fears, desires and motivations on thoughts and behaviors. The humanistic approach, presented by Abraham Maslow, emphasizes self actualization and free-will. It is based on the belief that each person has freedom in directing his or her future.
Humanistic and Existential Psychology are influential of each other, both include the “meaning of our existence, the role of free will, and the uniqueness of each human” (Burger, 2015) This paper will review three articles written by influential psychologists of their time, Maslow, Rogers, and Frankl. The review of each will include a summary, how well the contents connects to the humanistic or existential psychology, and if their ideas still have a relevant application in today’s environment.
Food, water, sleep, and sensory gratification are all at the top of the hierarchy. These and other needs are considered to be part of the psychological needs. These rest at the top of the hierarchy because they are the essence to basic human survival. The list of these needs can be much larger or shorter depending of personal opinion. Maslow himself said that said “it would be po...
The foundations of the humanistic approach places emphasis on human potential for creativity, love, growth and psychological health and looks at the client holistically It encourages self-awareness and self-realization.
Two proponents most noted for humanistic approaches to personality are Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Both the Person-Centered Theory (Rogers) and the Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow) considered that humans ' true nature was good and that each has the potential for growth. A comparison of the two approaches demonstrates a compatibility between theory and practice. Furthermore, each approach focuses on individual choices and rejects the theory that biology will determine human potential.
This psychology perspective emphasizes individuals ' inherent drive towards self-actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one 's own capabilities and creativity. It helps the client gain the belief that all people are inherently good. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence and pays special attention to such phenomena as creativity, free will, and positive human potential. It encourages viewing ourselves as a "whole person" greater than the sum of our parts and encourages self exploration rather than the study of behavior in other people. Humanistic psychology acknowledges spiritual aspiration as an integral part of the human psyche. It is linked to the emerging field of transpersonal psychology. As per usual, there are advantages and limitations to this particular theory. One of the greatest strengths of humanistic psychology is that it emphasizes individual choice and responsibility. Humanistic psychology satisfies most people 's idea of what being human means because it values personal ideals and self-fulfillment. Finally, humanistic psychology provides researchers with a flexible framework for observing human behavior because it considers a person in the context of his environment and in conjunction with his personal perceptions and feelings. As with any viewpoint, humanistic psychology has its critics. One major criticism of humanistic psychology is that its concepts are too vague. Critics