According to the Department of State, Russia has consistently failed to meet the minimum requirements to combat and eliminate trafficking and due to its continued failure to meet such standards after nearly a decade, it was automatically demoted to a Tier 3 status (TIPR, 2013, p. 310). “Russia is also a major transit, destination, and origin country for cross border human trafficking” (Tiurukanova, 2006, p. 36). Current Russian legislation, often refers to the voluntary nature of the original connection prior to exploitation, and is frequently used as a justification for refusal to prosecute perpetrators (Tiurukanova, 2006, p. 19). Poverty, economic instability, and lack of education are several of the factors that promote sexual exploitation in Russia and “push” its victims toward the lifestyle. These developmental indicators increase the risk-taking nature of vulnerable individuals, which makes them extremely susceptible to trafficker’s promises of a better life.
Russian NGOs are crucial in providing training for at risk groups and providing economic support to mitigate situations of poverty. Additionally, they provide regional safe houses, training of government officials and law enforcement, and victim rehabilitation. NGOs in Russia focus on three main areas, “preventive measures (information campaigns aimed at potential victims of trafficking), measures to protect and provide legal assistance to victims, and assistance to governmental entities in establishing legal basis for prosecution and punishment of organizers of the HT” (Mukomel, 2013, p. 4). Russian NGOs are important to overcoming governmental failures to combat human trafficking, receiving most of their funding from foreign entities and in recent years funding p...
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..., V. (2013). Combatting human trafficking: The Russian Federation (pp. 1-8) (European Union). CARIM East Project.
Seelke, C. R. (2005). Trafficking in persons in Latin America and the Caribbean (pp. 1-17) (United States, Congress). Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
Tiuriukanova, E. (2006). Human trafficking in the Russian Federation: Inventory and analysis of the current situation and responses (pp. 7-130) (UNICEF). Moscow: UNICEF.
Trafficking in persons 2013 report: Country narratives. (2013). Retrieved February 2, 2014, from http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2013/index.htm
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Prior and existing knowledge of trafficking reveals a general understanding of the term trafficking, and, minimal insight into the factors that encourage it. Though this information may appear to be a sufficient basis for understanding human trafficking, the author explicitly affirms the “serious” need for more information related to the field. In addition to ...
“Human trafficking coerces and persuades their victims to cross national borders in search of new jobs and better opportunities and after that they are forced into some sort of labor bondage” (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1). Even though trafficking is a problem in almost every country; poorer countries have a bigger problem with it because they are more desperate for work. Just in 2000, the U.S. enacted their first federal anti-trafficking law, called the Victims of Trafficking Protection Act (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1). Trafficking has just begun to receive notice on how big of a problem it actually is. “Proponents of strict anti-trafficking initiatives say that laws and prevention against trafficking are necessary in order to stem the growing tide of large scale organized crime that profits off of smuggling and trafficking” (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1).
Pubantz, Jerry, and John Allphin Moore Jr. "Human Trafficking." Encyclopedia of the United Nations. 2nd ed. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Facts on File,Inc., 2008. Web. 4 May 2014.
Mohajerin, S. K. (2006). Human trafficking: Modern day slavery in the 21st century. Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 12(3), 125-132.
When we think of slavery today, our minds usually drift off into colonial America, where slavery was not only condoned but seen as a way of life by many. Slavery has since been banned in America, and all around the world. With that said, however, slavery still exists in all areas of the world. As a society of predominantly “good men” and women, we have done nothing – or very little – about a demon that plagues all of Eastern Europe, and whose influence spans the entire globe. These demons are the Ukraine sex syndicates that comb the countryside of former soviet nations for fresh prey. They are efficient, ruthless and brutal in each step of the trafficking process, from the recruiters to the brothel owners. They threaten, beat and rape their victims into submission. Even the local police are powerless to stop these atrocities. It is said One quarter of all women trafficked globally are taken illegally from Central and Eastern Europe as well as the former Soviet Block countries. Officials estimate that in Europe alone this affects more than 200,000 women and girls, half of which end up in Western Europe and one fourth in the United States.[1] Most end up working as enslaved prostitutes, with no chance of a bright future. With very little public awareness about the issue, little to no support and protection for victums, and barley any enforcement of anti trafficking laws, it seems that unless society at large rises up to combat the challenge there is no hope for these poor women
According to Van Wormer & Bartollas (2014), sex trafficking, “encompasses the organized movement of people, usually women, between countries and within countries for sex work” (p. 289). Sex trafficking is also a very lucrative business, it is estimated to make $31. 6 billion annually. This amount is estimated from the 2.5 million people who a trafficked each year. The exact number of people who are victims of the sex industry cannot be predicted accurately for all over the world. In the United States alone there is about 14,500-17,500 people trafficked each year. Human trafficking it the third biggest organized crime after drug and arms trafficking (Hodge, 2014). Young men make up about 44% of people being trafficked, while women and girls
“Human Trafficking appears as the most common form of modern day slavery, the fastest growing business of organized crime, and the third largest criminal enterprise in the world” (2014).
As victim count continues to rise, its difficult to see how such great numbers of men, women and children are bought and sold every year. Trafficking can be found in many forms, including: prostitution, slavery, or forced labor (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). It wasn’t until the 1980’s that international human trafficking became globally noticed. With the lack of government intervention and control in several nations, and the free trade market, slavery once again became a profitable industry (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). As previously mentioned, easier movement across nations borders is one of the outcomes of globalization. It is also what makes human trafficking so easy today. It is estimated that about 20.9 million people are victims across the entire globe (United Nations Publications, 2012); trafficking accounts for 32 billion dollars in generated profit globally (Brewer, n.d). 58 percent of all human trafficking was for the purpose of sexual exploitation, and of this 55-60 percent are women (United Nations Publications,
When it comes to human trafficking the one thing we know is that trafficking for sexual exploitation is a huge issue all around the world. What we are not fully aware of is how big of a problem it actually is. Due to the illegality of human trafficking for the purpose of sex it is extremely difficult to truly appreciate the scope of the matter. Many differing estimates have been made to suggest the number of people that could be involved in this terrible trade, but these numbers do not explain the concealed activity of sex trafficking. They are only considered to be good estimates determined by the data collected. The prostitution industry is the key driver of sex trafficking because of its money making potential. Due to prostitution, sex trafficking is getting more and more out of hand. To address this subject buying sex should be a considered a criminalized act, and selling sex should be decriminalized. Doing this on a worldwide basis could help drive demand in the sex industry down, and could encourage women and girls in captivity to come forward without fear of persecution.
It has been estimated that there are approximately 20.9 million victims of human trafficking globally. Human trafficking is a leading form of organized crime on both regional and global scales that violates the peace and protection of rights of human beings. This exploitative crime abuses men, women and children by coercing them into a dangerous society of corruption including prostitution and forced manual labour. The profits that human trafficking accumulates has become part of the illicit global economy to which many nations have been unable to address. The United Nations (UN) recognition of this modern-day slavery has been one of the first initiatives to address human trafficking a global criminal scale.
Human Trafficking has become a major issue in Europe, especially in Bulgaria, which is at its pinnacle for poverty rankings. Another reason Bulgaria is said to be a “paradise” in human trafficking is because of the collapse of the socialist regimes in the late 1980s. Americans don’t hear about the subject and problems of trafficking as much, so not much is understood in the logistics and why it’s such a problem. Innocent women and children are constantly being taken and put into an abominable world of forced sex and labor. Society needs to fight against these traffickers. Law enforcement needs to enforce more discrepant punishments to those involved in the trafficking of human beings, and increase cooperation, coherence and visibility in human trafficking in both destination and transit countries. Help needs to be provided for people who have been trafficked and start a plan to stop any future victims of trafficking. The demand for cheaper products in Europe has rose, therefore increasing the amount of human trafficking. If more countries refused to buy such products, the demand for slavery would decrease, and the Human Trafficking statistics would then decrease.
Sex trafficking is a global issue that involves a form of coerced sexual exploitation, which is not limited to prostitution. Victims of sex trafficking are stripped of their basic human rights and forced to live a life of modern slavery. The U.S. State Department (Stop Child Trafficking Now, 2012) has stated that human trafficking is “one of the fastest growing crimes in the world.” It it hard to put a number on how on many people are living inside the sex trafficking industry for many reasons, one being that not all victims come forward. It is estimated by the U.S. State Department (Stop Child Trafficking Now, 2012) that every year “600,00-800,000 people will be trafficked across international borders, 80% being women and children.” This
The fourth way to solve the problem of human trafficking is state intervention at all levels of trade. Governments of the sending and the delivering countries should confirm their position with respect to all types of agreements and programs to combat human trafficking and take steps in promoting and implementing their commitments. Unfortunately, until such cooperation is not introduced in the majority of countries, the responsibility for the results of foreign travel is imposed only on the immigrating citizen (Shelley,
Summary: We see that there are many different aspects and types of human trafficking that everyone should be made aware of. As a whole human trafficking is a lucrative industry raking in $150 BILLION globally. The impact that this industry has on its victims is
U.S. Department of State Publication (2007) Trafficking in Persons Report,11407, United States of America: Office of Under Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs and bureau of public affairs.