Human Rights
Human Rights should ensure that an individual is guaranteed certain rights and freedoms. Among the most important are civil and political rights, freedom of speech and assembly, and the order to provide safety and equality to every individual. A major development towards Human Rights took place by the United Rights took place by the United Nations in 1948. A thirty page outline was adapted to declare a Universal Declaration on Human Rights. Injustices and violations occur everywhere but not as severe in Western civilizations. Third World Countries like India and in Asian cultures such as China believe in abiding by much stricter rules and regulations.
The Problems and violations occurred early on in both of the regions, but still exist and effect many people's lives. In India the untouchables evolved from the caste system developed by an early Aryan custom. Such activities as talking and looking at other classes, drinking out of certain wells or even visiting some temples were forbidden. It now exists in rural parts of India including Bihar and in Southern Tamil Nadu, shunning about 160 million people in rank. The deaths and torture which have occurred in Tibet as a result of the Chinese invasion is staggering too. It started in 1949 and up to date has killed over 1.2 million Tibetans. After the mass invasion, Tibet represented a prison camp or labor camp for most people.
Society, government, and religion are examples of reasons that started racism and bias opinions against others. For example religion was instrumental in forming the caste system that led to the untouchables. No one dared to associate with anyone lower than themselves or they would in fact degrade or have to get purified. In Tibet, China's government claimed that they wanted to reform and introduce a new political system to them. Before the over take, under the rule of the 14th Balai Lama, Tibet was under feudal serfdom including it's land and owning slaves. Since the reform of 1959, China oversees every aspect and has the ultimate power of rule. The Chinese legal system does not operate by presuming one's innocence until proven guilty.
Economic sanctions are thought not to be the best way to stop the violations against Tibet. In 1987, Dalai Lama wanted to attempt a peaceful resolution and came up with a Five Point Peace Plan. The Five key points were to transform Tibet into peace, abandon the transfer policy, respect human rights, restore the environment, and commencement negotiations between Tibet and China.
In order to understand the political factors that influence both of these book; you need to get a background information on why China and Tibet have such animosity against each other. Tibet considers itself a free nation without any ties to China. It states that “Tibet declared itself an independent republic in 1912.Although its status did not receive widespread recognition, Tibet functioned as an independent government until China sent troops to Tibet in 1950” (BBC News). The Tibetans feel as though their freedom is being retained and they are being dictated by China which they did not approve of. China claims that Tibet proposers better with them leadin...
For 48 years, China has occupied Tibet. In Tibet's history, there has been over 17 percent of the Tibetan people killed, and 6,000 monasteries ruined. For starters, Tibet was never part of China. During the first few years when China was in control of Tibet, the Chinese declared that Tibet should be part of China, because an Emperor of Tibet once married a Chinese princess. Years later, the Chinese said that Tibet was part of China because of the warrior Genghis Khan. Genghis Khan and the Mongolians were in control of Tibet, but they never made Tibet belong to China. Secondly, the Tibetan people and the Chinese are totally different, culturally and socially speaking. Both peoples have their own culture, way of life, and religion. Of course the language is very diverse, too. Tibet had their own government before the Chinese took over. It was led by His Royal Highness, the Dalai Lama. Before the Chinese came in and took over Tibet, Tibet had nothing to do with China. The Chinese invaded Tibet in July of 1949. They caused many disasters and much sadness to the Tibetan people. Today Tibet is nothing but a prison. The Chinese continually spy on the Tibetan people. Seventeen percent of the Tibetan population was killed. Many Chinese forcibly removed Tibetans out of their homes at any time, day or night, and sometimes these people were thrown into prison. These people also were often killed for no reason. Ever since the Chinese have taken over the Tibetan people, there have been over 1 millon people killed. There were 6 million Tibetans living in Tibet before the Chinese came and took over the country. In the capital of Tibet, Lhasa, the natives of Tibet are being rid of by the Chinese; the Chinese are filling up Lhasa with Chinese people and the Chinese want to make Tibet throughly Chinese. Today, the Tibetan people are a minority in their own country! All the better jobs go to the Chinese people living in Tibet. The Tibetan people cannot find jobs for themselves, the best job sometimes they can get is to become a truck driver.
For the past several decades, China has been trying to take over Tibet. During this
The Chinese have repeatedly tortured, imprisoned, and murdered Tibetans all for what they claim is national unity. While the oppression of the Tibetan people began in the 1950’s with the invasion of China, it continues just as strongly today. From religious oppression and unfair trials to the torture of nuns and monks, the Chinese abuse even the most reverent aspects of Tibetan culture. Political prisoners, whether they are monks, nuns or lay people, are tortured with utter disregard for human rights. Chinese laws have also been established to eradicate the Tibetan people entirely. Women often must endure forced abortions and sterilization due to Chinese birth policies. Through all of these crimes against humanity, China repeatedly commits acts of genocide as established by the United Nations.
Raichelle, Allen. "Tibet: Occupation and Uprising." N.d. ABC-CLIO World History-Modern. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. .
China currently rules the Tibet region. Tibetans desire autonomy , the right of self-government. The conflict between the two began in 1950, when the Chinese took over Tibet . The oppression of religion and freedom of speech, as well as the constant rejection of Tibet’s spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, has caused anger . This has caused at least 148 self-immolations in Tibet since 2009 , as a form of protest over the Chinese rule. Self immolation, the act of committing suicide via setting fire to one’s self, has in the past been used as a political based protest against the abuse of human rights, and suppressive governments . In addition, pro democratic students in Hong Kong have protested demanding the right to vote in their own leader. There was an ongoing protest against the proposed law change, by students pitching tents in the middle of Hong Kong and sleeping in them. 57 Year old man living in the camp, Thomas Hung, said, “The government right now is doing many shameful things, and we want to let all the Hong Kong people know that we are still here, we will not back off.” Over time, students finally packed their tents , concluding in a seven-hour raid, where 7,000 police officers arrested the final remaining 247 protesters who chose to remain. They removed wreckage and demolished all remanent of the protest swiftly. Both key issues at the time, were anti-government.
On the cultural challenge for universal human rights, some claims historical root of human rights in Europe and America, where there are several declarations of rights and revolutions to claim a tradition of struggling for the right. Hence, the fulfill of universal human rights in other areas may come up with a significant challenge. (Kühnhardt 1991) Universal human rights also are seen as a newly formed capitalism and would intervene state sovereignty.1 Another middle approach is to search a reconciliation through cross-cultural or intercultural dialog and recognition of plurality. (Etzioni 2010; Yu 2005; An-Naim 1995), an even universality of human rights should be reached by cultural dialog.(Donnelly 1984) Back to the construction of United Nations and the tuning point of drafting the UDHR, it is a deep reflection to inhuman atrocities and moves forward to considering how to intervene states overpower to violate human rights. However, while debating human rights within cultural diversity, the issue of human wrongs disappeared.(Chen 2010) Either jumping into a linear historical prospect or
[8] NHS Trust A. NHS Trust A v M and NHS Trust B v H [2001].
In 1949, newly communist China sent 35,000 troops to invade Tibet (Tibet Support Group UK 1). The year after that a treaty was made. The treaty acknowledged sovereignty over Tibet, but recognized the Tibetan government’s autonomy with respect to internal affairs. The Chinese violated the treaty on many occasions, though. This lead to the National Uprising in 1959, and after that, the exile of the Dalai Lama, spiritual leader of Tibet, and many governmental leaders (Office of Tibet 1).
In the movie, before the decision to kill passengers was made, the captain saw worth in every passenger, including those who were injured. This was displayed by the lengths he went to attempt to treat the wounded and keep them conscious. Conversely, toward the end of the movie, when it seemed as though the weak did not have much time left to live the captain saw more worth in the fit as they would benefit this mini society more. The challenge of keeping the weak alive posed a threat to the society and so the human beings were devalued. The worth of every human life was no longer the same. This same concept is shown the Kantian actions of Tibet post-takeover. The people refused to engage in violence as they equated Chinese lives to their own and did not choose to take it away. The human conditions that make this possible are both external and internal. The external conditions include the almost socialistic state, where the entire country does not feed off capitalism and business but rather spirituality and community. This stems from the leader of the country, the Dalai Lama, not only being a political figure but also, a Buddhist icon. The teachings of Buddhism are fundamental to the workings of the society thus pushing categorical imperatives into the education system established. Materialism is considered to be indulgent
Over the past few decades, there have been many political problems in Tibet. This can be attributed to the ongoing problem between Tibet and China. Tibet had previously, for many years, been faced with occupation by the forces of the People's Republic of China in their land. This was very alarming to many people, including the highly respected Dalai Lama of Tibet. The Dalai Lama has been a very influential person in Tibet's history and many of the decisions he has made have directly affected the outcome of certain situations pertaining to the relationship between Tibet and China.
Today, there are four hundred thousand Chinese troops stationed in Tibet for monitoring (Human 2-3). Not only is there a treat with troops everywhere, but one quarter of China’s missiles are stationed in Tibet as well. They are ready to be used if necessary. There is fear rising from surrounding countries that China will use their army or missiles on them. The surrounding country’s worries were reasonable with the amount of deaths that occurred during the genocide. The statistics are truly devastating. During 1949 and 1979, over one million and two hundred thousand Tibetans were killed: 173,221 people were tortured in prison, 156,758 people were executed, 432,705 were killed while fighting, 342,970 starved to death, 9,002 committed suicide, and 92,731 struggled to their death (Tibet
The Dalai Lama and his government in exile have taken to caring for the thousands of refugees seeking safety and protection in India after the Chinese invasion in 1959. The Dalai Lama has responded evenly in the establishment of a Tibetan community in India, where schools, hospitals and new monasteries have been built, as long as Tibet remains occupied by the Chinese and India a safe haven. Furthermore, his decision to travel the world and speak out at many different countries about the suffering of his people, rather than taking a violent stance against China, has played a role in the Dalai Lama becoming a truly international figure comparable to the likes of Ghandi, Mother Thersea and Martin Luther King.
On December 10th in 1948, the general assembly adopted a Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This declaration, although not legally binding, created “a common standard of achievement of all people and all nations…to promote respect for those rights and freedoms” (Goodhart, 379). However, many cultures assert that the human rights policies outlined in the declaration undermine cultural beliefs and practices. This assertion makes the search for universal human rights very difficult to achieve. I would like to focus on articles 3, 14 and 25 to address how these articles could be modified to incorporate cultural differences, without completely undermining the search for human rights practices.
A right is an individual’s entitlement to freedom of choice and well-being. We have the right to live without interference from others and government, free will. A legal right is the entitlement that derives from a legal standpoint that allows someone to act in a specific way and for others to react in specified ways. For instance, the U.S. Constitution states all citizens have the right to the freedom of speech and the right to bear arms. These rights guaranteed to us as citizens of the United States of America. A moral right is a universal right that all human beings of every race or nationality has the same rights because we are humans. Human rights based off the fact that we are human beings and possess the right by virtue. These rights