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Employee engagement at workplace essay
What is history of human resource management
What is history of human resource management
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Human Resources and Organizational Strategy Introduction Organizational success or failure is dependent on a myriad of variables that can be challenging to measure and interpret. Success or failure can simply be luck and timing or an orchestrated and deliberate effort. As new technologies allow organizations the ability to rapidly measure and assess its internal and external environmental factors, more efficient strategies can be quickly implemented. The focus of this literature review is specifically on one of these mentioned variables. The paper will detail the relationship that Human Resources (HR) practices have with an organization’s strategic goals and vision. HR is defined by the Society for Human Resource Management as, “The function dealing with the management of people employed within the organization.” (SHRM, 2011). The primary functions of administrative, development and management. Administrative functions include those tasks that are often considered “overhead,” such as benefits and payroll management. Development, or HRD, is defined by Swanson (2001) as, “Human resource development is a process of developing and/or unleashing expertise through organization development (OD) and personnel training and development for the purpose of improving performance (as cited by Hassan, 2007, pg. 2). Lastly, management is those strategic functions that align HR tasks within its own department and with the overarching organizational strategies. This paper will attempt to give a broad overview from the available literature within three areas. First, the paper will explore the historical relationships of HR and organizational strategy. Second, the paper will give an overview of current practices and trends. Lastly,... ... middle of paper ... ...an approach of partnership is critical for organizations that want to gain competitive advantages. Butler, Ferris & Napier (1991) state this as, “the more management believes that HRM contributes to corporate success, the more its role will be integrated into the firm’s strategic planning process.” (as cited by Rose & Kumar, 2006, pg. 3). Additionally, organizations that apply energy and resources to HRD benefit from an increase in human capital. López-Cabrales, Real & Valle (2011) state the benefits of building human capital as, “If the company adopts appropriate procedures of personnel management, human capital can be orientated to the achievement of sustainable competitive advantages” (pg. 5). In conclusion, it is recommended that further literature reviews be completed to explore study results that supplement or add to information already reviewed.
In conclusion, Human Resources department plays a significant role in the organization providing a wide range of valuable services to employees in various functional areas such as recruiting and training people, developing public relations, performance appraisals, maintaining workplace atmosphere, employee relations, benefits administration and much more. More than likely, HR essentially contributes to organization’s strategies and objectives through promotion of leadership activities, building friendly workplace environment and ensuring an efficient management of talented employees overall. As a strategic asset of a company, HR improves the human capital utilization and establishes the competitive workforce based on business and market demand.
Managers rely on HR to provide effective staff capable of accomplishing the goals of the organization. HR is valuable in ensuring employees are high performers, dealing with performance issues, and certifying that existing methods are compliant to the rules, contracts and laws under which the organization operates. When HR succeeds in developing processes to attract, hire and develop motivated employees, managers are able to focus on the objectives of their department and the organization.
In the fields of management and business, Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) has been a powerful and influential tool in order to motivate employees to perform productively. (Ejim, Esther, 2013). According to Armstrong (2011), SHRM refers to the way that the company use to approach their strategic goals through people with a combination of human resource policy and practices. The purpose of SHRM is to produce strategic capability that the organisation must ensure such that employees are skilled, committed, and well-motivated in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, (Armstrong, 2011). Particularly, the organisation must be able to carefully plan strategic human resource ideas, aimed to increase the productivity.
Noe, Raymond A., John R. Hollenbeck, Barry Gerhart, and Patrick M. Wright. Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. 7th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2010. Print.
HRM in any company is a weighty issue that needs much attention where business performance is linked to a HR strategy (Caldwell 2008; Ulrich et al. 2008). In the recent past, competition has become stiff, such that organizations need to come up with other means to compete in the extremely dynamic market world. Thus, companies have shifted their emphasis to Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) where they enhance and empower their personnel in order to increase the productivity and the services offered into the market (Mello 2006). This goes against the traditional ways of increasing the means of competition where organizations place emphasis on tangible resources. In the past, organizations competed in terms of machinery and acquisitions. This has changed greatly due to the changing customer tastes and the diversity of the market in the present (Delery & Doty 1996; Lengnick-Hall et al. 2009).
Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J.R., Gerhart, B., Wright, P.M. Human Resource Management, Gaining a Competitive Advantage. Boston: McGraw Hill Companies Inc., 2000.
It seems that HRM is so crucial to the organization, for what it does has nearly covered all aspects of the business – from strategic planning to the training and development, but unfortunately, its importance has not been accepted by everyone. As proposed by Morton, C, Newall, A. & Sparkes, J. (2001) there are three different views of HR function within the...
Understanding the strategic potential of HRM is a relatively recent phenomenon. Strategic HRM attempts to bring HRM to the boardroom. It requires personnel policies and practices to be integrated so that they make a coherent whole, and also that this whole is integrated with the business or organisational strategy.
Armstrong ( 2010) defined Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) as “an approach to making decisions on the intentions and plans of the organisation in the shape of the policies, programmes and practices concerning the employment relationship, resourcing, learning and development, performance management , rewards and employee relationships,” ( p. 115). There is a paradigm shift from a functional role to a tactical one through the strategic management process. SHRM is very important to the effectiveness of my learning organisation because it ensures that the needs of the learning community are met and provides the opportunity for instructional leaders to “add value to the learning community” (Introduction to Human Resource Management, 2012, p.6) while achieving the goals and objectives of the institution.
4) Tokesky, George C; Kornides, Joanne : ‘Strategic HR Management is vital’( Personal journal, December 1994 v 73 n 12 p 115.
In my opinion, HR practices can make positive contributions to organisational performances, because except the unpredictable external environments, human resource management can improve the most factors that affect employees’ performances which finally influence organisational performances in long-term perspectives. This essay is aim to prove human resource practices can positively effect organisational performances based on literature discussion and empirical evidences. The next section briefly brings few negative views about the limitation of HRM related to improving organisational performances. The third section discuss the positive relationship between HR practices and organisational performances are established by applying HRM processes of hiring, selecting, placing employees as well as creating employment relationships within organisations. The final section is going to analyse an example company Mark & Spensers successfully utilised HR practices to improve their organisational performances and created competitive advantages.
1. Mello Jeffrey A. (2002) Strategic Human Resource Management. South Western Press, Canada. 2. William P. Anthony et al (1999) Human Resource Management: A Strategic Approach. Harcort, Inc., USA
Human Resource Management (HRM) can be defined as “the set of programs, functions, and activities designed and performed in order to capitalize on both employee as well as organizational effectiveness. It is a management function that helps organization in recruiting, selecting, and training, developing and managing
Human Resources of any organization are an important element that needs to be given consideration by the firm in order to attain success and profitability in the business market. Without effective performance of human resources, the organization may not achieve its desired goals. Implementing HR technology in the firm may b...
The human resource management stands for the management of an entity’s workforce and all that relates to the workforce. The significance of human resource management includes recruitment, orientation, and the ability to retain employees. The human resource management with other managers utilizes these practices in order to produce a solution that relates to challenges. A competitive advantage refers to the business ability to gain the advantages of its economic activities that, it recognizes the organization’s ability to survive and overcome competition in the marketplace. This paper will discuss the concept of competitive advantage in human resource.