Cloning is the production of one or more cells, individual plants, or animals that are genetically identical to another cell, plant or animal. Although the first steps forward in cloning have brought a storm of protest, the experimental research should be studied to prolong the existence of human life. In February 1997, the Roslin Institute in Scotland, a farm animal research facility, announced that it had succeeded in cloning a sheep from an adult cell. The cloned sheep, Dolly, made headlines around that world and launched a fierce debate over the potential uses for this technology. The breakthrough showed for the first time that genetic information encoded in the DNA of an adult cell could be “reset” and made young again.
“They then transfer the DNA of the donor animal’s somatic cells into an egg cell or oocyte it has its own DNA containing nucleus removed. With other animals the main experiment conducted in order to clone is splitting embryos in test tubes. Then they implant the results in embryos into the wombs of the adult animal” (“Cloning Fact Sheet”). For many years the controversy of human cloning still seems to... ... middle of paper ... ...tionship between stem cells and cancer cells needs to be more clearly understood if stem cells are to be used to treat human disease (“Cloning Fact Sheet”). There can be a huge advantage for using cloning.
Today, according to Aaron Hawley a clone is “an organism that has the same genetic information as another”. The creation of a genetically identical human is a very delicate subject in today’s society. A statistic concerning whether internauts consider human cloning wrong or not by http://www.debate.org/opinions/is-human-cloning-wrong proved that 54% are against it. The possibility of cloning humans has been a subject of interest and speculation in the 20th century. Following the cloning of Dolly, the sheep in 1996 by Ian Wilmut and his colleagues at Roslin Institute in Scotland, the idea of cloning humans became a very important source of interest, debate and research.
It is because of these medical, societal, and religious concerns that human cloning should not be performed. Medically, we are not sufficiently advanced enough to safely perform cloning on humans. Societally, our government is unsure of what to do about the situation, and the people are unsure about cloning’s effectiveness. Finally, on the religious side of cloning, Christians, Catholics, and other religions are against the use of cloning for the fear that people will become too prideful in their ability to essentially design life. Until something is done to rectify these issues, human cloning will continue to be unethical and should remain unused.
They must show that the experiment will provide great benefits and also prove there is no alternative to this experiment. Also, random inspections take place and on-site vets are necessary. ... ... middle of paper ... ...ent is committed to finding other research methods but for the foreseeable future the use of ferrets, fish, mice and monkeys seem like they shall still be necessary for some procedures. On March 11, 2013, Cruelty Free International finally won their 20 year long battle by making a complete ban on marketing of animal-tested cosmetics in all 28 nations in the European Union. Now, not only can no animal testing for cosmetics take place but cosmetics products that have been tested on animals cannot be sold in the European Union.
Reproductive cloning is making an identical copy of an individual. Reproductive cloning is not allowed in humans, but this process has been used multiple times on animals. Therapeutic cloning is the same thing as somatic cell nuclear transfer. A scientist will take a nucleus from the egg and the nu... ... middle of paper ... ...diana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Rhode Island, New Jersey, North Dakota, Virginia, South Dakota, Arizona, and Missouri. Arizona and Missouri have laws that concern the public funds for cloning.
Human cloning is separated into two major categories; reproductive cloning, which uses cloning technology to create a human embryo that will produce an entire human, and therapeutic, which adopt cloning into field of medical practices to find a cure for many diseases (Kass). Reproductive cloning requires a somatic cell, a DNA-less egg, and a surrogate mother; as a result, it creates a new individual with the same genome, or genetic coding. The idea originated in Germany in 1938, but the first successful research was not conducted until 1967 by scientist John Gurdon, who cloned a tadpole with a frog’s somatic cell. The most prominent experiment was the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997 by a scientist from Scotland. The successful cloning of an adult mammal suggests that the cloning of a human is possible; however, this does not mean cloning was perfected.
For example, many people think that their fears are unanswerable and should cause the absolute ban on cloning. Although many scientists are in the field of cloning, many other people have scientific reasons why this shouldn’t happen. One reason is that if a human clone were ever successfully made, it wouldn’t be an exact clone anyway; Einstein wasn’t smart solely because of his genes, but the environment that he was surrounded by. However, a positive side to this is that since another exact copy wouldn’t be made, another Hitler could also not be created, as many may fear. In fact, twins are closer to one another that any clone that could be made because of a seemingly special bond created during pregnancy.
Scientists are now trying to get approval to clone humans or at least parts of them (Eccleston, CNN). All of these clonings have led to much criticism and controversy, but the latest attempt at cloning is that of endangered and possibly already extinct species in hopes of preserving them. This short paper will give a brief description of cloning and the pros and cons of preserving endangered and extinct species via means of cloning. Introduction There are different types of cloning. One type led by researchers at the Human Genome Project entails the copying of genes and parts of chromosomes in order to get enough identical genetic material to do further research, which they believe could help prevent human diseases in the future (Cloning fact sheet).
Brandon Kour Date 2/12/2014 Mrs. Pohlonski 1st Hour A world of cloning Cloning use to be a thing of pure science fiction. Ever since the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep, was created by Dr. Ian Wilmut, scientists have been working on different techniques to clone animals and even humans. Scientist have developed several methods recently to clone animals. Harvesting Cells, Tissues, and Organs for cloning or later use advances scientists way to save lives and create the perfect baby. Cloning can be used in medicine, the revival of endangered species, cloning livestock, and even in drug production.