Demographics of Shantytowns in Venezuela
The lifestyle and background of the shantytowns in Venezuela before the beginning of Hugo Chavez was rather depressing and in serious poverty from 1980 onto 1998. Shantytowns are deprived areason the outskirts of an urban area consisting of large numbers of crude dwellings and poor economic structure within the nation. Approximately 65% of Venezuelans live in shantytowns in extreme poverty and do not receive medical care or government aid (Latin American Politics and Society, Vol. 44, No. 1). According to the article composed by Damarys Canache, the article discusses how the economy in Venezuela was rather depressing and not taken care of by the government, low-incomed families and other underprivilaged citizens did not recieve and form of government aid or any form of assistance from the government which were considered to be one of many reasons of riots and incline in the crime rate in the nation (From Bullets to Ballets: The Emergence of Popular Support of Hugo Chavez, Latin American Politics and Society, Vol. 44, No. 1). In addition, the government lacked the financial capability of providing any forms of funds or assistance to their citizens, the government showed plenty of corruption, according to Damarys Canache, the author of one the articles reviewed, states that between 1978 and 2001, Venezuela’s economy was extremeley poor and unactive and this would explain the lack of funds given to the citizens in the country.
Furthermore, the GDP per capita (in U.S dollars) was about only $4,000, the unemployment rate between 1980 to 2001 was about 14.5%, the households within the country lived in extreme poverty, and about 24% of the population lived in extreme poverty. In addition, t...
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... major impact to his nation and to all of their success today. Through the application of an analytical model categorized as “missionary” the article examines the cultural and political religious frames the sustain leadership of Hugo Chavez. It demonstrates that missionary politics is a forceful presence in today’s Venezuela, and should be understood as a form of political religion characterized by a dynamic relationship between a charismatic leader and a moral community that is invested with a mission of salvation against other enemies. The leader’s verbal and non-verbal discourses play an essential role in the development of such a missionary model of politics. This mode of politics seeks to provide the alienated mass of underprivileged citizens with an identity and a sense of active participation in national affairs and in an active community in Venezuela.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the shantytowns in venezuela before the beginning of hugo chavez were depressing and in serious poverty.
- Explains that venezuela's gdp per capita was only $4,000, the unemployment rate between 1980 and 2001 was about 14.5%, and the inflation rate was not helping citizens at all.
- Describes how chavez appealed to shantytown voters by promoting peace in the nation, improving economic standards, and venezuelan soveriegnty.
- Analyzes the cultural and political religious frames that sustain leadership of hugo chavez. missionary politics is a forceful presence in today's venezuela.
- Explains that hugo chavez introduced numerous economic and social reforms to help improve the economy in venezuela, especially in the shantytowns.
- Argues that the circulos bolivarians were a key organized piece of the movement supporting hugo chavez in venezuela.
- Argues that women's activism has created forms of popular participation that challenges the dominant gender jobs in society, collectivize private orders, and create alternatives to male-centric politics.
Related
- analytical
- explanatory
- comparative
- Hugo Chavez: Love Him or Loathe Him?analytical essayHugo Chavez: Love Him or Loathe Him? Last week an incendiary press release exploded into the global headlines. A man by the name of Hugo Chavez ventured the claim that he had become an important target of assassination. Even more alarming, he proceeded to identify his assassin. It was none other than George W. Bush.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how hugo chavez's incendiary press release exploded into the global headlines. he claimed that he had become an important target of assassination.
- Describes hugo chavez's motives for regarding himself as a threat to the most powerful country on earth.
- Explains that hugo chavez is the duly elected leader of a relatively small country on the northern coast of south america called venezuela. the reason for venezuela's increasing political clout is simple.
- Analyzes how the u.s. and venezuela are drifting apart at an alarming pace. hugo chavez is the lightening rod in america's relationship with its south american neighbor.
- Analyzes how hugo chavez is viewed by sympathizers of the united states as the region's most celebrated hero. he appeals to the great masses of poor within his own country.
- Opines that the current differences driving a wedge between venezuela and the united states might find an amicable resolution and benefit from the strengths of the other.
- Analyzes how hugo chavez's promise to improve the living standards of the poor struck the majority as eminently credible.
- Analyzes how chavez's tenure led to economic despair and a decline in his popularity in the polls. many people, including many of the poor, expressed the desire to remove him from office.
- Recounts how 150,000 oil workers protested against chavez for replacing employees of the government operated oil company (the pdvsa) with his own party loyalists and replacing the director with a former communist and militant.
- Explains that in december, a fourth and even more devastating strike was launched in an effort to remove chavez from office. during this strike, 90% of oil industry workers left their jobs.
- Analyzes how chavez survived the military coup and national strike against his leadership. he realized that his initiatives to help the poor had been perceived as inadequate and determined to redouble his efforts against poverty.
- Explains that chavez set out to crack down on his opponents and their parties, but his political rivals refused to go quietly. the opposition organized a new strategy to remove him from office.
- Explains that chavez won a resounding 60% of the popular vote, in elections supervised and ratified by former president jimmy carter.
- Analyzes how chavez scoffed at the proposed measures and declared his intention to move his country rapidly into a position of self-sufficiency, free from any need to depend on the united states.
- Analyzes how chavez never misses an opportunity to deride his capitalist adversary. he questioned the capacity of capitalism to extricate the world from its social and economic problems.
- Analyzes how chavez sees no inconsistency between his newly acquired socialism and his position as a popularly elected president presiding over democratic state.
- Opines that chavez is a man of integrity. by early 2004, many of the president's social promises had been fulfilled.
- Explains that chavez initiated reforms to promote greater participation from women in the areas of business and management.
- Explains that chavez is using revenue from the sale of crude oil to remunerate doctors, paramedics, teachers, and other technicians who use their professional skills to participate in the national crusade against poverty.
- Explains that chavez is seeking to attract worthy representatives from the country's lower classes. the state is attempting to encourage communities to assume co-governance of public works, services, education and culture.
- Analyzes how chavez's initiatives bear the stamp of a leader who is interested in involving the people of his nation in the political process.
- Analyzes how chavez is less charitable when it comes to dealing with rich venezuelans. he is actively pursuing a policy of expropriating the wealth of the nation’s upper classes and redistributing ownership among the poor.
- Analyzes how the governmental initiatives enumerated in the preceding paragraphs explain why chavez garnered a strong 60% of the popular vote.
- Analyzes chavez's verbal denigration of things american. he is threatening to reduce the supply of oil to the united states and divert it to other countries.
- Analyzes how venezuela agreed to supply china with 120,000 barrels of crude oil a month, while china committed to invest $400 million towards building better oil infrastructure in the south american nation.
- Explains that chavez is an ardent admirer of fidel castro, america's nemesis of longest standing. he aspires to emulate the health care and educational systems instituted by the cuban dictator.
- Explains that chavez has found common cause with saddam hussein and colonel muamar qaddafi. allegiances such as these with national leaders which the government of the united states regards not only as dangerous despots but also as intractable enemies undermine american sympathy.
- Opines that chavez is progressively jettisoning the cardinal tenets of democratic government by using the word "revolutionary" to describe the kind of rule he wants to impose on venezuela.
- Opines that the perception of an anti-democratic president controlling such a large volume of the world’s oil is bound to be disconcerting to the united states government.
- Opines that a truce in the war of words, mend the breaches of mutual trust, and move forward as amicable partners should be borne by the larger and more powerful partner, the united states.
- Opines that the united states must come to grips with its own fears regarding socialism. the equality of human beings is a principle embraced by capitalists and socialists.
- Explains that a socialism lacking humility of self-restraint can tend towards authoritarianism that abuses personal rights. both economic systems produce unhappy results.
- Opines that chavez and america should become grateful beneficiaries of what the other brings to the table.
- Opines that american politicians would need assurances that venezuela was not sliding into an abusive dictatorship. the political reality in caracas is that social democracy is thriving.
- Opines that leaders in america should commit unilaterally to a cessation of bellicose rhetoric against chavez.
- Opines that the united states needs to restrain its opposition to chavez and desist in his denunciations of america.
- Opines that it is time for the united states to moderate its public stance towards the democratically elected head of state of venezuela.
- Explains that the reserves production consumption (millions of barrels as of january 1, 2002): per day. saudi arabia: 261,750
- Describes the iraqi population, the united states, japan, and south korea.
- Describes libya, venezuela, mexico, and the united arab emirates.
- States norway: 9,947 kuwait: 1.838 spain: 1.589 saudiarabia: 1,415brazil: 8,465
- Narrates how chavez called bush ‘emperor of evil’ in english people’s daily online.
- Opines that venezuela's chavez embraces socialism, defying u.s.
- Analyzes how venezuela’s ability to embrace its history and construct a unique modelof development.
- Cites hearn, kelly, koth, karl b., landau, saul, and johnson. "buzz words and venezuela."
- Cites niemeyer, ralph, and lucila gallino's "interview with president chavez." venezuelaanalysis. november 2003.
- Cites west, andrew, and free republic's "strategic ambitions".
4581 wordsRead More - Venezuelaanalytical essaySince the establishment of a democracy in 1961, Venezuela has dramatically increased its' role in the international community over the last four decades and has come forth as a regional leader for the Latin American and the Caribbean regions. Venezuela forms one of the most integral parts of Latin America. While its' being a leader of Latin America as a whole cannot be overlooked, its' even greater role as part of the Caribbean cannot be ignored. This paper will examine the International and Regional Foreign Policy of Venezuela during the last four decades, in the context of international, regional and domestic events. The final analysis will examine the circumstances leading up to and the election of President Hugo Chavez as well as the present direction of Venezuela in the international and regional context.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes the international and regional foreign policy of venezuela during the last four decades, in the context of international, regional and domestic events.
- Argues that regional politics will be understood best by recognizing the countries that defined the atmosphere and relations of the two regions through the context of cold war.
- Explains that the kennedy administration announced the alliance for progress to support and strengthen capitalist ventures and development in the regions. the majority of the $500 million was appropriated to the inter-american development bank's social progress trust fund.
- Opines that cuba has played less of a role in international and regional politics despite minor skirmishes instigated by castro.
- Explains that argentina under general peron had taken the "third position", that being an intermediary position between the us and the su.
- Analyzes how brazilian relations changed after the 1960 election of president quadros. he made trips to cuba, yugoslavia, and sent his vice-president to the su and china, demonstrating that close ties would be reevaluated.
- Explains how venezuela became one of the most influential latin american and caribbean countries in regional and international politics.
- Explains that the military dictator marcos perez jimenez won by an incredible 85% in 1957, but the patriotic junta's insurrection was not well planned or coordinated. the pact of punto fijo guarantees political stability by compromising between all the countries' major powers.
- Explains that betancourt won the presidential elections with 49% of the vote and the majority of seats in both congressional houses.
- Analyzes how caldera filled the government with strictly copei members and did not make any effort at coalitions. he reinstated the pcv as a legal political party and lowered the guerrilla violence.
- Analyzes how perez's plan of industrialization in ten years funded by the oil capitol had loopholes.
- Explains how perez coordinated a conference to discuss the law of the sea, which was of utmost importance to the developing third world caribbean and latin american countries.
- Explains that the us was against the 200 mile limit of mineral rights and was up against hard opposition because of the oil embargo in the previous year.
- Explains that the soviet union and the us emerged from world war ii as the two world powers. the us formed a policy according to the domino theory of the spread of communism.
- Analyzes how the us played an important strategic role in latin america and the caribbean during the cold war.
- Explains that mexico's noninterventionist stance to foreign relations has led to some ambiguities, such as chastising castro for being marxist/leninist and abstained on the vote to exclude cuba from the oas.
- Analyzes how the betancourt doctrine influenced venezuela's decision to expel cuba from oas membership and the us sending $450.6 million dollars between 1962 and 1965.
- Explains how caldera strengthened venezuela's andean identity by putting extra capital from petroleum into the caribbean development bank.
3752 wordsRead More - Venezuela Research Paperexplanatory essayWith basically an almost Civil War happening in South America, the people of “Little Venice” or Venezuela have gone and are currently going through very difficult times. This is happening due to careless actions being taken not only in the past but now as well by Venezuela’s military and government. This is proved by the deceiving dictatorships that occur and have occurred, violent protests and revolutions, and preventable economic issues. Government in Venezuela is having an overall negative impact on the entire country and the ones associated with Venezuela.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that venezuela's people are going through difficult times due to deceiving dictatorships, violent protests and revolutions.
- Explains that venezuela's economy improved with the money gained from rich oil deposits, which helped it produce more goods, provide for the people, and make partnerships with other countries.
- Opines that the above information is true, but seems to be a cover for what actually happened in venezuela.
- Describes the latin american history and culture encyclopedia for students.
594 wordsRead More - Venezuela, hold the Democracyexplanatory essayVenezuela lies in the North West region of South America; it was one of the closest countries in South America to the United States. Geographically it has a very diverse terrain which varies from dry arid regions to green jungle as well as numerous mountain regions. It borders the Gulf of Mexico which shares its space with that of Cuba, Mexico and the United States. Venezuela is 352,144 sq miles and borders Brazil and Columbia. (Princeton). Given this geographic location the United States remains very interested in the day to day activities that go on in Venezuela. Militarily it lies in an area within close proximity to the United States and is the second closest enemy to the continental US only second to that of Cuba. The media generally portrays opinion and view of the Venezuelan government negatively and it has been seen that the same could be said of the Venezuelan government with its state run media. The defense spending in Venezuela is amon...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that a country's culture is defined by its people, government, income, history, and often times its sheer military power.
- Explains that venezuela lies in the north west region of south america. it borders the gulf of mexico and is the second closest enemy to the continental us.
- Opines that venezuela should have the capability and resources to produce and export food to other countries, but the government like in many countries often hinders this capability.
- Explains that venezuela is diverse, with a small indigenous population that is typical in other latin american countries, and caribbean/african populations that tend to live in coastal regions.
- Opines that the united states is surprisingly the largest trade partner venezuela has, despite the rift between the two countries.
- Explains that the country's media is surprisingly free with a small portion of the media owned and operated by the state.
- Describes how hugo chavez was a pain for the united states. he was imprisoned for his coup attempt, released from jail, and boosted his socialist reforms.
- Explains that venezuela is made up of staunchly religious people, 90% of the population being catholics. the country focuses a lot of its resources to its public programs which often times are subject to corruption and neglect.
- Explains encyclopedia of the nations' "media in venezuela: fact and fiction". caitlin mcnulty.
1818 wordsRead More - Poverty In Cubaanalytical essayPoverty affects more than half of the men, women, and children on Earth. That means than more than three billion people make less than $2.50 every day. There are multitudes of conditions that affect the different poverty rates in certain countries. Dario Berrebi (2012), in “ Extreme Poverty in Cuba: Welfare in a Broke Country,” and Scott Beyer (2015), in “ A Look at How Cuba’s Working Class Lives,” both talk about the intense levels of poverty in Cuba. Dario Berrebi’s article was published by Poverties and Scott Beyer’s article was published by the National Review. Beyer’s article which uses logos and pathos to portray his own personal experience of the poverty in Cuba, making it a stronger article compared to Berrebi’s article which uses
In this essay, the author
- Compares dario berrebi and scott beyer's articles on poverty in cuba. both use logos and pathos to explain the causes and effects of poverty.
- Analyzes scott beyer's use of pathos in "a look at how cuba’s working class lives."
- Analyzes how beyer uses logic and facts to back his article, while berrebi plays more on emotional pathos.
- Analyzes how berrebi and beyer use the literary device of ethos to build a strong personality for the article.
- Analyzes how scott beyer's article, "a look at how cuba’s working class lives," illustrates ethos, logos, and pathos effectively. dario berrebi demonstrates the same.
1235 wordsRead More - What’s Venezuela Crisis Really About?analytical essayThroughout the fourteen years that remained in power Chávez followed strategy of introducing a socialist government in Venezuela in stages. According to Enrique Standish in the article titled “Venezuela Finally Turns Communist” it happened in four stages. The first stage consisted of obtaining t...
In this essay, the author
- Opines that venezuela's downward economic spiral began when hugo chavez imposed his "unique" brand of socialism on venezuela.
- Cites diego ore and brian ellsworth. "venezuela protest death toll rises to 33".
- Explains that venezuela is a country with beautiful beaches, plains, mountains, and the highest waterfall of the world (angel falls).
- Analyzes how venezuela's deterioration of security, economy, and rationing of food, personal items, cleaning supplies, medicines, home goods and more is a violation of the human rights of venezuelans.
994 wordsRead More - Documentary, South of the Borderanalytical essayThe film opens with a news program reporting Chávez’s consumption of coca and linking it to the alleged poor governance of Venezuela. He was called a dictator, together with Morales, who was not directly mentioned in the segment but was simply referred to as “the dictator from Bolivia” who supplied him with ...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the documentary south of the border informs viewers about the conflict between south american leaders and the us institutions. the events shown and narrated through the film may be interpreted with sociological theories.
- Analyzes how stone's film "synopsis" compares firsthand information from the leaders themselves with that reported and published by the media.
- Analyzes how the film opens with a news program reporting chávez's consumption of coca and linking it to the alleged poor governance of venezuela. stone emphasizes that similar content is being broadcast on the television screens of americans daily.
- Analyzes how chávez led a violent coup d'état against the incumbent government, which led to looting in caracas. he ran for president and won due to his social capital.
- Analyzes kinloch's argument that mass communications media became more influential and powerful, becoming arbitrators of public attitudes and tastes. it may impose malicious, misleading information pertaining to the minority, in contrast to positive information associated with the majority.
- Analyzes how president chávez's actions alarmed the us government and the venezuelan media. the opposition protested against him, but his removal was regarded as undemocratic.
- Explains that mass media supports major institutions like the government. politicians broadcast their speeches and deliver their views on different outlets. shifting their focus on a particular issue may entail selectivity.
- Analyzes how chávez increased venezuela's corn production until it became self-sufficient. after the government took control of the oil industry, the economy doubled in six years while poverty was halved.
- Narrates how cristina, the ex-first lady and incumbent president, followed the agency's instructions until the imf pulled out and left the country with a large deficit of money.
- Analyzes how nstor reminds chávez that having absolute power is bad, and schaefer mentions that social movements would be formed only if they are organized and collective.
- Opines that cristina supports chávez's socialist principles and believes that leaders have established connections with their people, unlike previous presidents who could hardly speak their language.
- Analyzes how morales adapted the political mindset of chávez, who exported his bolivarian sentiments and socialistic revolution to other countries in the continent. as a coca farmer, he treated media as his worst enemy.
- Explains that latin americans opened their minds to a new way of thinking through liberation theology. this framework, similar to marxist ideals, helped overthrow the opposition.
- Explains that correa of ecuador advocated change, and demanded equality between the us and his country in terms of military bases. this social movement was prompted by inequality, where one benefits at the expense of another.
- Explains that da silva proposed south american's own parliament, currency, labor union, and many others. through socialization, latin americans strived to create a larger common group to strengthen their ties as one continent.
- Explains that latin america acted as one against the us when they refused to sign free trade agreements during the summit of the americas held in trinidad.
- Explains that the capitalists wanted to maintain their power over the proletariat (south america) because of its resources. social institutions (government, media) looked for ways to influence people to serve their interests.
1770 wordsRead More - Caesar Chavezcomparative essayCesar Chavez was a civil rights leader who fought for farm workers to be respected and to not be treated like unimportant human beings (Fighting for.) Cesar Chavez did achieve his goal for farm workers after he started his movement. The goal was to be treated right. Cesar Chavez helped the farm workers through the UFW, the methods he used to fulfill his goals, and because of the many supporters he had,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that cesar chavez was a civil rights leader who fought for farm workers to be respected and not be treated like unimportant human beings.
- Explains that the ufw was created when the agricultural workers organizing committee (awoc) struck against the delano table grapes on september 8, 1965.
- Explains that chavez used many methods to accomplish his goal. he believed in nonviolence and organized marches, hunger strikes, and sprayed farmers with pesticides.
- Explains that robert kennedy and cesar chavez had many things in common, they were shy, loved family, and hated violence.
- Concludes that cesar chavez created a union to help farmers and sacrificed himself for others. his supporters helped him achieve his goal to get farm workers respect and get the ufw recognized.
- Describes the works cited, including "200 years of us-russian relations" and "about the crisis".
560 wordsRead More - Ernesto Che Guevaraanalytical essayChe Guevara, a revolutionary in Cuba, has become an internationally recognized figure. While many people are familiar with his achievements of helping to overthrow and rebuild the Cuban government, his image has expanded well beyond his political success. Che’s picture has been seen all over the world, in every imaginable context. Many people associate Che Guevara with the very word “revolution,” while others remember Che as a brutal and ruthless guerilla. While everyone has their own interpretation of Che, others solely recognize his picture on clothing, the internet, books and artwork. His very image has become so widespread that some people believe it has lost meaning altogether. Different forms of imagery and media portray Che in various ways, which help to further create and expand myths surrounding Che Guevara. The four myths discussed surrounding Che’s image are: caring individual, brutal dictator, martyr with similarities to Jesus Christ, and part of popular culture.
In this essay, the author
- Explains guevara, ernesto che. "the motorcycle diaries: notes on a latin american journey." ocean press.
- Analyzes sherman, alfred, and marchante, sir herbert. "reminiscing about che."
- Opines that che guevara, from communist firebrand to capitalist brand, is the killing machine.
- Explains that che guevara's image has expanded beyond his political success. many people associate him with the word revolution, while others recognize him as a brutal and ruthless guerilla.
- Analyzes the portrayal of che guevara as a caring family man through photographs taken throughout his lifetime.
- Explains that che's militaristic characteristics are crucial in order to get a complete picture of him.
- Explains that che's image has become so popular that there are whole websites devoted to "che gear."
- Explains that che's image has been so prevalent in society that it has begun to lose meaning. the popularity of che in material culture will most likely only increase over time.
2902 wordsRead More - Venezuelaexplanatory essayVenezuela was one of the richest countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Colombia and Ecuador). For most of the first half of the 20th century, Venezuela was ruled by generally benevolent military strongmen, who promoted the oil industry and allowed for some social reforms. Democratically elected governments have held sway since 1959. Current concerns include: a polarized political environment, a politicized military, drug-related violence along the Colombian border, increasing internal drug consumption, overdependence on the petroleum industry with its price fluctuations, and irresponsible mining operations that are endangering the rain forest and indigenous peoples.
In this essay, the author
- Describes venezuela as one of the richest countries that emerged from the collapse of gran colombia in 1830.
- Explains that northern south america borders the caribbean sea and the north atlantic ocean, between colombia and guyana.
- Describes the terrain of andes mountains and maracaibo lowlands in northwest; central plains (llanos); guiana highlands in southeast.
- Explains that angel falls in the guiana highlands is the world's highest waterfall on major sea and air routes linking north and south america.
- Explains hiv/aids - adult prevalence rate: 0.7%; no country specific models are provided.
- Describes the consulates in boston, chicago, houston, miami, new orleans and san francisco.
- Describes the three equal horizontal bands of yellow, blue, and red with the coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band and an arc of seven white five-pointed stars centered in the blue band.
- Explains venezuela's dependence on the petroleum sector, which accounts for roughly one-third of gdp, 80% of export earnings, and over half of government operating revenues. a disastrous two-month national oil strike temporarily halted economic activity.
- Describes the exchange rates of bolivares per us dollar: 1,891.3 (2004), 1,607 (2003),1,161 (2002), 723.7 (2001), 680 (2000).
- Describes environmental issues such as sewage pollution of lago de valencia, deforestation, soil degradation, and the threat to the rainforest ecosystem from irresponsible mining operations.
- Describes the administrative divisions of 23 states, 1 federal district, and one federal dependency.
- Explains that president hugo chavez frias and vice president jose vicente rangel vale are both the chief of state and head of government.
- Explains that a special presidential recall vote on 15 august 2004 resulted in victory for chavez. the unicameral national assembly or asamblea nacional (165 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms).
- Describes the political parties and leaders of the democratic action, fifth republic movement, homeland for all, and venezuelan confederation of workers.
- Describes the products of agriculture, including corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee, beef, pork, milk, eggs, and fish.
- Describes the benefits of a national interurban fiber-optic network capable of digital multimedia services.
- Explains that the orinoco river and lake de maracaibo are navigable by oceangoing vessels.
- Describes the 9 foreign-owned carriers by type: bulk carrier 4, cargo 16, chemical tanker 1, container 1, liquefied gas 5, passenger/cargo 9, petroleum tankers 19, roll on/roll off
- Describes the military branches of the national armed forces (fuerzas armadas nacionales, fan), air force, and national guard.
- Analyzes venezuela's dispute with colombia over the los monjes islands and maritime boundary near the gulf of venezuela. large quantities of cocaine, heroin, and marijuana transit the country from colombia bound for us and europe.
2388 wordsRead More