In 1607, the Muscovy Company of England hired Hudson to find a northerly route to the Pacific coast of Asia. The English were battling the Dutch for northwest routes. It was thought at the time that, because the sun shone for three months in the northern latitudes in the summer, the ice would melt and a ship could make it across the top of the world.[citation needed] Hudson sailed on 1 May with a crew of ten men and a boy on the 80-ton Hopewell.[11] They reached the east coast of Greenland on 14 June, coasting it northward until the 22nd. Here they named a headland "Young's Cape", a "very high mount, like a round castle" near it "Mount of God's Mercy" and land at 73° N "Hold-with-Hope". After turning east, they sighted "Newland" (i.e Spitsbergen) on the 27th, near the mouth of the great bay Hudson later simply named the "Great Indraught" (Isfjorden). On 13 July Hudson and his crew thought they had sailed as far north as 80° 23' N,[12] but more likely only reached 79° 23' N. The following day they entered what Hudson later in the voyage named "Whales Bay" (Krossfjorden and Kongsfjorden), naming its northwestern point …show more content…
Rather than entering the Chesapeake he explored the coast to the north, finding Delaware Bay but continuing on north. On 3 September he reached the estuary of the river that initially was called the "North River" or "Mauritius" and now carries his name. He was not the first European to discover the estuary, though, as it had been known since the voyage of Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524. On 6 September 1609 John Colman of his crew was killed by Indians with an arrow to his neck.[27] Hudson sailed into the upper bay on 11 September,[28] and the following day began a journey up what is now known as the Hudson River.[29] Over the next ten days his ship ascended the river, reaching a point about where the present-day capital of Albany is
His first voyage took place in 1598 with his uncle. He was on his own for his next trip which lasted 2 years. He was in France from 1603 until 1607. They then found some West Indians that
Champlain’s first voyage trip was with his uncle-in-law, Saint Julien, a great navigator and sea voyageur. Julien was transporting Spanish soldiers to Cadiz in the pursuit of a treaty with the Vervins. Champlain got an opportunity to accompany his uncle for his first navigation trip. He made another voyage to West Indies and Mexico. In any navigation he made, he took notes, learnt new things and submitted a report to King Henry. He legally acquired the voyage ship and property after his uncle died leaving Champlain financially stable to make further exploration works. He served in the king’s court as a geographer. His first trip to the Northern America was to observer trade expedition that the King had assented to him. He met François Grave, a great navigator and ship captain who taught him what navigation in the North America entailed. Champlain drew Saint Lawrence on a map after his trip. Champlain established many settlements such as Acadia and P...
This all began when Sir Walter Raleigh, a wealthy courtier, sought-after permission from Queen Elizabeth I to establish a colony in North America. On March 25th 1584 he got a charter to start the colony. Raleigh funded and authorized the expedition .He sent two explorers by the names of Phillip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to claim land for the queen,they departed on the west side of England on April 27th . On May 10 they arrived at the Canaries, a series of islands near the northwest coast of mainland Africa. They arrived at the West Indies on June 10 and stayed there for twelve days then left. On July 4 the explorers saw North American land, they sailed for nine days more looking for an entryway to the sea or river and found one on June 13th. They then set off to explore the land and place it on the map . After they went back two additional journeys there followed after. One group arrived in 1585 and went there for...
In 1419, Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal began the period of time known as the “Age of Exploration”. Europe’s leading superpowers, France, Spain, Portugal, Holland, and England, all competed for colonization in unknown territories. Samuel de Champlain colonized along the St. Lawrence River in 1608, Henry Hudson of Holland established Albany in 1609, and Spain established colonies in Mexico and Mesoamerica. In 1607, England established its first colony in North America around the Chesapeake Bay, and nearly a decade later established a second colony in present-day New England. Both New England and the Chesapeake were founded by the British around the same time; however, both colonies developed a different economy, government, and many other ways of life.
Henry Hudson (English seamen) started sailing with his ship named “the half moon” in 1609 for the VOC. Officially he was searching for a new trading route to Asia. He was searching for the Northwest Passage through North America on the west of the Half Moon. A lot of explorers did the same thing before him. But he didn’t found the Northwest Passage. But he did find something else, the New Netherlands. It had beautiful woods, animals and ...
Shackleton’s aim for the “Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition” was to stop via the South Georgia Norwegian whaling station. The plan for the Endurance was then to sail through the Weddell Sea to Vahsel bay. 6 men (including Shackleton) would walk the 2900 Kilometres across Antarctica to the top of Beardmore Glacier via the South Pole to meet and meet up with Ross sea party. If all went to plan they would return home having been the first to cross the last continent.
It is an unquestioned fact that the climate is changing. There is abundant evidence that the world is becoming warmer and warmer. The temperature of the global land average temperature has increased by about 8.5 degrees centigrade from 1880 to 2012 (Karr, et al 406). The one or two degrees increase in temperature can cause dramatic and serious consequences to the earth as well as humans. More extreme weather occurs, such as heat waves and droughts. The Arctic Region is especially sensitive to global climate change. According to the data in recent decades, the temperature in the Arctic has increased by more than 2 degrees centigrade in the recent half century (Przybylak 316). Climate change has led to a series of environmental and ecological negative
The Susan Constant, Discovery, and Godspeed were the three ships that set sail for Virginia, from England in February of 1606. The commander of the three ships was Christopher Newport and not John Smith. "In the early evening of May 13, the expedition reached a narrow pear-shaped peninsula about sixty miles up the river, here on the 1500-acre peninsula, it was decided to erect a fortified town to be called Jamestown."(Ward) They decided to give it the name Jamestown in honor of their king. As soon as they landed they began to build a fort in the form of a triangle. They constructed the fort in this manner for purposes of safety against the natives. A triangular fort gave them one less side that they could get attacked from.
Queen Elizabeth of England, desired land in the New World, and therefore gave Sir Walter Raleigh a patent to claim land for England. However, the Queen did not allow Raleigh to go to the New World, because at the time there was danger of war between Spain and England, and the Queen needed Raleigh’s help. The Queen had given Raleigh land in Ireland, as well as money from taxes collected on the sale of wool and wine, which he used to money to fund the voyage. Two small boats left England with two captains, Philip Armados and Arthur Barlowe, and a navigator, Simon Fernando, and the colonists. Raleigh instructed the colonists to find a good place to settle, and trade with the indigenous people. The colonists were a few brave men, who came to the New World predominantly in quest of power or respect. When the colonist arrived in America, they claimed a large portion of the East Coast, and named this land Virginia.
In the 1600's, Ellis Island was known as Gull Island by the Mohegan tribe and was simply two to three acres. During high tide, the island could barely have been seen above the rising waters. After being discovered for its rich oyster beds in 1628, Dutch settlers renamed it Oyster Island. And then in 1765, which was the hanging of Anderson the Pirate, the island was again renamed the Gibbet Island, after the instrument used to hang him. Finally on January 20, 1785, Samuel Ellis purchased the property and gave it his name, which is still the name of the island today, Ellis Island
A group of investors, the Virginia Company of London, was given a charter by King James I. This charter gifted permission to establish this colony. 144 settlers sailed to the New World but only 104 made it, due to death. 27% died on this voyage. The settlers landed in the mouth of a river and named it James, after king James. May 14, 1607 was the day the Jamestown settlement was made. In the first few days of the first fort, the Powhatan Indians attacked the colonists.
Henry Hudson was an English Explorer born in 1565, he is known as one of the most famous explorers. Henry Hudson’s main goal was to find a passage way to Asia but he never achieved this. With the goal of finding the route he only had four voyages throughout his career. On his first voyage, in 1609, he brought his sons along with him to find an ice free passage to Asia. They traveled east until they reached the north of the Arctic Circle, but they were forced to return back due to all the surrounding ice. In the same year, Hudson made a second attempt, but traveled a different way. Hudson soon failed again because all the field of ice, blocking them. In 1609, Hudson’s third voyage was
The Arctic Tundra The Tundra is located in the northern regions of North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. as well as a few regions of Antarctica. The Tundra is the second largest vegetation. zone in Canada. It can be divided into three different sections: the High Arctic Tundra, the Low Arctic Tundra and the Alpine Tundra.
The collapse of Norse Greenland has been widely disputed; did this society truly collapse, or rather did they choose to leave for a better life elsewhere? Many books have been written on this subject; from Jared Diamond’s Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fair or Succeed to the corresponding Patricia McAnany and Norman Yoffee’s Questioning Collapse: Human Resilience, Ecological Vulnerability, and the Aftermath of Empire. In Diamond’s Collapse, there are five main points of collapse that have to happen before a society will collapse. These points are: 1. Environmental damage, 2. Climate change, 3. Hostile neighbors, 4. Friendly neighbors, and 5. Society’s response to environmental damage. When comparing it to McAnany and Yoffee’s Questioning Collapse, they dispute how societies don’t collapse, in fact there is a resilience to the societies and that they adjust according to their environment and how their economy and personal life is going. In my essay, I will compare Diamond’s view of collapse against the resilience view of McAnany and Yoffee.
When Smith was not well received in Jamestown, Captain Christopher Newport and Gabriel Archer had assumed leadership during Smith’s absence and the colonists still suffered from a lack of food and proper shelter. Smith soon escaped from the tension of the fort and proceeded to explore the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers and the Chesapeake Bay during the summer of 1608. His explorations of Virginia were later complied in his Map of Virginia.