The main difference between Hyper text markup language (HTML) and Extensible markup language (XML) is that HTML is a markup language used for creating web pages and XML is also a markup language but is primarily used for information sharing mainly those connected to the internet.
HTML was created by Tim Berners-Lee as a way for he and several colleagues to share research information (Wikipedia, 2006). The earliest versions of HTML were based on loose syntax rules. HTML code written using these earlier rules would not be considered valid using today's standards. HTML was first published as a language in 1993. The Standards for HTML have been continually changed and updated over the years since its creation. Version 4.0, was published in 1997 by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), and the current version is 4.01, published in 1999 (Wikipedia, 2006). Since the publishing of 4.0 in 1997 the W3C has been focused on the development of XHTML which is an XML based equivalent to HTML.
HTML used several different types of entities such as attributes, character references, data types and attributes to format a web page. Web pages are created using elements called tags. Tags are predefined by HTML and tags are used to define how a web page will be presented in a browser and control such things as background color, font size, type and color. Tags are also used to insert links into a web page allowing the user to visit specified pages on different web sites or different pages within the same website. Tags also allow a designer to include various media presentations such as photos, music and video files.
Markups are grouped in smaller categories know as structural, presentational and hypertext(Wikipedia, 2006). Structural markups define the physical layout of a page, where the various pieces of data are to be displayed and other structural settings such as using a header tag like "H6" which defines the size of text between the H6 and H6 end tags. Presentational markups define how text will look such as some words being bold or italicized text. Under 4.0 publication rules most presentational markup tags have been depreciated (Wikipedia, 2006) and the use of cascading style sheets is recommended. Hypertext markups use anchor tags and are used to direct visitors to a different location within the same page or site and are also used to direct visitors to pages on other sites.
T F 8. Style attributes include fonts and font sizes, number formats, and borders and
To sum it up, the CSS is a specific type of periodization which is used to develop several different athletic traits simultaneously.
The first two ideas are flow structures and the role of graphics. The first one is flow structures. There are sixteen different flow structures listed in the book. The flow structures are: modular, chronological, physical, spatial, problem/solution, issues/actions, opportunity/leverage, form/function, features/benefits, case study, argument/fallacy, compare/contrast, matrix, parallel tracks, rhetorical question, and numerical. The books states." you can use these Flow Structures to group your clusters in a logical progression, making it easy for your audience to follow your presentation and easy for you to construct your presentation" (p.43). A few flow structures that I think are important are: chronological, problem/solution, features/benefits, and matrix. Chronological uses organized clusters of ides that follow a timeline, problem/solution organizes a presentation around a problem and the solution provided, features/benefits organizes a presentation around product features and the benefits the features provide, and finally the matrix method uses a two-by-two diagram to organize a complex set of concepts into a simplified form. Flow structures work for all types of situations a presenter might find him or herself in during a presentation. The next important idea discussed in the book is the role of graphics. Graphics provide a visual aid in a presentation that helps
This way, the reader can easily see the different entries. Firestone, M., (2003). Hanging Indent: Format & Example. Retrieved from study.com Multilevel lists are used when subsets of information are needed within a list (Wiley,2014). For more simple lists, you can use a bullet, or numbered list.
Fourth, select your organizational pattern: block format (discuss one text in the first half of the paper and discuss the other text in the second half of the paper) or alternating format (in each paragraph discuss one aspect of each text—the first text in the first half of the paragraph, the second text in the second half of the paragraph—alternating back and forth throughout the
There are a variety of ways a link can be represented on the web. One of the challenges of designing a page is making a site visually appealing to the eye. Visual perception is how we analyze the world around us. Visual perception is “an active, thinking process of planning for, as well as interpreting, sensory data from the eyes” (Hilligoss 7). The layout and utilization of graphics serve as a roadmap for any website. Therefore, in order for people to effectively navigate a website, they must be able to communicate effectively through photos, icons, and text. The first key idea is the placement of the photos, icons, or text that will serve as buttons. “As we look around, we find focal points” and it is these points that direct our attention to the important areas of a page. When placing buttons, we do not want to make the size too small or to have a picture obscured behind text. If both text and graphics are used to represent the button, it is visually appealing to keep the text and graphics of equal width. This is exemplified on the main page of the WebCT course page where four pictures are used in conjunction with text labels. Each picture does not exceed the size of the text label, keeping the formatting consistent with the text serving as the foundation for the link.
Some of the most essential elements of style are those that deal with commas. How to use a comma and where to place one can be quite confusing at times. With Strunk and White’s chapter 1 on Elementary Rules of Usage, they go into detail with examples for writers to better understand the usage of commas.
We use headings and subheadings here at Middle Georgia State University when writing essays in APA style. Similarly, criminal justice agencies uses headings and subheadings when writing reports. Topics
The Web. The Web. 29 Nov. 2011. http://css.snre.umich.edu/css_doc/CSS01-06.pdf>.
Meta tags appear at the top of the HTML document within the <head></head> section of the document. In the following example, nine different types of Meta Tags are identified: Content-Type, Copyright, Resource-type, ObjectType, Author, Rating, Distribution, Description, and Keywords.
Structured Data Markup Helper – this point-and-click tool helps you add structured data markup to your HTML.
In the 1960’s, Ted Nelson was the first person to coin this popular term “hypertext” but I prefer to reference Bolter’s description. Hypertext, as described by Jay Bolter in Writing Space, is layered writing and reading, where you can click on links within a narrative or article. These links work as reference points and can work as footnotes or as references to what you were reading. They can also take you to an entirely different type of webpage all together. Bolter also points out that it is important to realize that the second webpage you are linked to is not always subordinate to the first. On page 33, Bolter describes hypertext as being similar to “prewriting” which kids learn to do in school. I think prewriting is what I’ve always called a mind map, which is just a map drawn out like a spider web to show how each idea is interconnected to all the other ideas. Hypertext can be related to, but is not the same as, intertextuality(178). Intertextuality is the interrelation of all text on the same topic, language or culture, while hypertext is references within a text and allusions between texts. I think it is important to see the changes in the role of reader in hypertext fiction and reference web pages that incorporate hypertext.
With hypertext, as opposed to traditional methods of publishing such as books or magazines, information is presented in a space rather than in a physical object. Electronic readers move around a space with expandable dimensions, the reader is more or less in a small world in which he can explore things not confined by a physical book but opened in a room where everything is next to everything else, which is to say that there is nothing that really separates information apart from other information, each item is accessible through links from another item.
Hypertext is changing the way we read, write and conceptualize literature. Traditionally, the distance between reader and writer with written works is maintained by multiple levels of people, paper and time. Once a piece of work is published, the writer's responsibility basically ends; meanwhile, the reader is still responsible for knowing and understanding all of the references the writer includes in the work. Hypertext creates a hyper-extension of the work, basically giving it a life of its own. A printed book is unable to recreate this same detailed precision and accessibility because of its physicality. A published book cannot be recalled instantly in order to make any changes or update information, unless it is reprinted and there is always a defined amount of time involved. Hypertext has the ability to link a multitude of related subject matters and authors, while incorporating a variety of techniques, such as sound and movement, to involve and extend the relationship between readers and writers.
Web 2.0 is branded by open source and freeware. It is used a lot in blogs, tags, wikis, RSS.