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Impact of hacking on society essay
Impact of hacking on society essay
effects of computer hacking
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Since the dawn of the first programmable computer, computers have been have been one of the most helpful inventions in the world. The Offence that is being investigated is computer hacking in both home and government environments. Hacking is a global problem which affects normal citizens, businesses and the government. Hacking can take many forms from hacking a social media account to hacking a government facility. The social construct of hacking is that all around us on the internet we are in the same network as hackers. Hackers can be a person that hacks someone's account or computer to steal files which compared to hacking the government, it is a minor offence. The term ‘hacker’ has multiple meanings and variously describes a person who explores programmable systems, who is obsessive about programming, who is able to program quickly, or is an expert in a particular program. In 1996 Eric S. Reymond referred to hackers as "expert enthusiast, one who enjoys creatively overcoming limitations, or a malicious meddler seeking confidential information" (Reymond 1996). 2.0 Methods Of Research The information used to compile this report was obtained from a variety of both primary and secondary sources. These sources were found on a variety of places that include the internet and newspapers. Since computer hacking is not a common offence so sources were scarce and hard to come by. The Primary sources that were used were case studies and graphs and statistics. These sources provided information on different instances of computer hacking in Queensland and how frequently it happens. The Secondary Sources that were used were news articles and a survey that was conducted to get statistics and people’s views of various aspect... ... middle of paper ... ...han three quarters (77%) of all households had access to the internet via a broadband connection. This is a massive amount of computers that can be hacked. Figure 1 shows the rise of internet access and broadband access in homes across Australia. 3.4 What are the Community Issues? The Community issues with hackings are that many people can be a hacker or can be a victim of hacking. Hacking in the community can be seen in many forms. In today’s society computers are everywhere. They are used for general work purposes, item logging or something as simple as finding a price of an item. But computers are also used for more sinister purposes. These include theft of money or theft of personal details or theft of general or government files. Hacking offence are categorised into different levels of offences. These are:
The Ted Talk presented by Catherine Bracy took the word hacking to another level. A new way of looking at a hacker. A hacker meaning much more than a teen behind a computer trying to steal information. The points she brought out is that reaching out to the people can get things done and strengthen relationships between people and an organization and through that relationship both parties are more stable and content. Bracy expressed her experiences with hackers in a government and citizen view, but this can also be applied to personal and
Hacking has two primary definitions; the first refers to the enthusiastic and skilful use of computers to solve problems (Techterms, 2013); the second, to “gain unauthorized access to data in a system or computer” (Oxford Dictionaries, 2013). In the context of this essay the second definition is more appropriate and will be the meaning inferred throughout. This definition also more closely aligns with legal terminology used in the UK when describing the hacking of computers. The Computer Misuse Act (1990) introduced three criminal offenses:
Computers have become a big part of our lives. They are being used more and more and the Internet has brought with it a big amount of computer criminals. In 1988, Victoria created the first Australian computer crime laws.
In conclusion Hackers started off as experts in programming and curious intellectuals advancing the limits of technology, but have evolved into a diverse world view. Additionally the shift from hardware onto software to the internet have boosted the increase in number of malicious hackers. With the emergence of new technologies so is the renewed efforts to combat the loopholes and help protect the public.
In reality, most hackers are ordinary people with a great deal of curiosity, above-average skills with a computer, a good understanding of human nature, and plenty of time to kill. Hackers have no distinguishing characteristics. Your next-door neighbor could be a hacker, as could your niece or nephew, one of your co-workers, or even the kid who serves you coffee in the morning. Not all hackers are dangerous and out to destroy business or damage lives. The view of the general public toward hackers is mixed. A recent CNN-poll shows 33% of respondents labeling hackers as "useful," 17% seeing them "as a menace," and the majority (45%) seeing hackers as "both" useful and a menace (CNN, 1999).
Hacker only has 50 years history, computer hacker crime is one of the mots dangerous crime threat at 21th century. Hacktivism is a new class of hacker has emerged, “the so-called hacktivist, who engages in hacking of computer networks and systems as a form of protest”(Hargrave,2012). Hacker crimes have use computer programming skill to make errors on your computer that control your computer to get information and change your computer system. Since in 1970s, computer hackers are called “phreaks”, which mean by phone hacker. Computer hacker is becoming form phone hacker. In the early 1970, Computer hacker is positive to the society, many of computer programmers were “began looking for ways to get the most out of the machines. “(Deivtt,2001) And then, they are created applications called hacks, which are “applications and allow more tasks to be completed in a shorter time.” (Deivtt,2001).In the early 1980.Hackers using computers and the internet for their own questionable gains. The first computer hacker crime is in the 1983.” six teenagers from
The documentary Rise of the Hackers, focuses on the rising criminal use of hacking and how it is effecting multiple areas of technology. The documentary describes simple and complicated situations concerning hacking, but there still questions that must be answered when it comes to hacking and crime. The main question is in trying to determine why a person would choose to commit computer hacking. There are various theories already present within the criminal justice system that may explain at a micro-level and macro-level. These theories would explain why offenders would commit the crimes, but it may not answer the full scope of the question. The Routine Activities Theory would help to explain why offenders offend, why victims are victimized,
There are a few elite in our technology-driven world that possess the unnatural ability to understand and wield the power of computers. To the media they are known as hackers, threats to computer security everywhere. To the underground they are known as "console cowboys", samurais, and the last defenders of free information. To the common man they are young teenage boys that break your computer and ruin your e-mail. Hackers are not criminals or mischievous kids with no purpose. They play an important role in our culture and are the fuel behind our technological revolution.
Hacking has been around since the birth of computers. When the term hacking was first used, its meaning was not that of how we think of it today. At the origins of computing, a hacker was considered to be just a "creative programmer (Baase, 2003)." Early forms of computer games as well as the beginnings of operating systems were discovered and created by these original hackers. These hackers plunged into systems as a way of an intellectual challenge and to aspire to gain knowledge (Baase, 2003). Kevin Mitnick believes he falls into this realm of hackers. Hackers in today's era are now looked upon as criminals who invade the privacy rights of individuals and have the ability to deliver worms/viruses. The differences are that hackers today have full intentions of delivering terrible viruses and worms. Mitnick was one of the most infamous hackers during the 1980's. He molded his hacking style around the stupidity of humans and his quest for intellectual knowledge. The ways in which he wiggled his way into computer systems extenuates many of the issues surrounding computer security and privacy.
The age of the internet has thrown some real challenges to Computer Misuse Act 1990. As per the Government changes to this part of legislation, to address the main two challenges a) the increased number of “Denial of Service” attacks b) the creation and dissemination of number of hackers and the tools used by them. The Computer Misuse Act 1990 (CMA) underwent minor changes a) The crime of un-authorized access to the material on the computer is now an offence that is liable to a judicial trial b) the offence of unauthorized material modification on the computer is now replaced by offence of unauthorized acts with intent to harm the operation of the device. Hacking has been a huge problem almost for the time Internet has been in existence. Most people just love to try and break into any computer system. Before 1990, there was no law to address the problems that are caused by hacking. Though everyone knew that it is against the law, nothing that anyone could do about it. As the issue grew, it has become evident that specific legislation was needed to prosecute the hackers under the law. Hacking seen morally as the breach of privacy. The act came into force on 29th August 1990
According to The Australian Beauru of Statistics (ABS) (2016) in society today, it is recorded that there are over 12.9 million internet users in Australia. Since internet became known to the world, committing crime with the use of computers became exceptionally easy for offenders (Jewkes & Yar 2013). A common phrase for internet crime is 'old wine in new bottles' -meaning crimes were always going to be committed; with the use of internet it has become easier and opened up a whole new variety of crime (Yar & Prenzler 2015, p. 169). Internet crime is explained as offences committed through the use of computers that can also be committed without a computer (Yar & Prenzler 2015). The internet can often be misused, being a place for criminals to commit crimes in anonyomous ways (Yar & Prenzler 2015). In particular, crimes such as possessing pornographic images of children and child grooming are a particular concern on an international
The term “hacker” has been in use since the early 1980’s due to mass media usage to describe computer criminals. The use of this term is vastly used by the general population and most are not aware that there are different meanings to the word. People within the computing community especially within the programming subculture emphasize the use of the term “crackers” for computer security intruders (cyber criminals). Early hackers rarely used their skills for financial gain as a motivation for their criminal behavior in that time cybercrime was infantile and largely seen as a practical joke or game by those who committed it. Bob Thomas created the first credited computer worm n...
Hacking was a term established in the 1960s. This word is the concept of unauthorised intrusion of a computer or network with malicious intentions behind them. This includes any technical effort of manipulating or damaging the normal behaviour of network connections/systems or stealing information. In this generation, hacking has become evidently significant and the debate of hacking being considered ethical or unethical arises. Therefore, will hacking ever be justified? The justification (reasonableness) of hacking has become a disputation of mixed opinions and emotions amongst society. These opinions range from hacking being considered immoral due to it being illegal activity and the vast negative impact it has on people. This includes the affirmative opinions on hacking; such as hacking being considered ethical due to the “white hat” hackers.
The Art of exploring various security breaches is termed as Hacking.Computer Hackers have been around for so many years. Since the Internet became widely used in the World, We have started to hear more and more about hacking. Only a few Hackers, such as Kevin Mitnick, are well known.In a world of Black and White, it’s easy to describe the typical Hacker. A general outline of a typical Hacker is an Antisocial, Pimple-faced Teenage boy. But the Digital world has many types of Hackers.Hackers are human like the rest of us and are, therefore, unique individuals, so an exact profile is hard to outline.The best broad description of Hackers is that all Hackers aren’t equal. Each Hacker has Motives, Methods and Skills. But some general characteristics can help you understand them. Not all Hackers are Antisocial, PimplefacedTeenagers. Regardless, Hackers are curious about Knowing new things, Brave to take steps and they areoften very Sharp Minded..
The Internet is a connection of computers across the world through a network. Its origin dates back to the 1960s when the U.S Military used it for research, but it became more available to the public from the late 1980s. The World Wide Web was created in 1989 and browsers began appearing in the early 1990s. Over the last 24 years, the Internet has enabled people to shop, play, do research, communicate and conduct business online. It has also become cheaper and faster in performing different tasks. As much as the Internet has done immeasurable good to society, it has also dominated people’s lives and brought with it an array of cybercrimes. According to Nicholas Carr in his book The Shallows: How the Internet is Changing the Way we Think, Read and Remember (Carr, 2010). He debates on whether the Internet has done more harm than good. People use the Internet daily to exchange accurate information and constantly personal data such as credit cards, passwords and Social Security numbers are travelling through the network from one computer to another. With security measures put in place on the Internet, personal information remains confidential. But unfortunately, criminals have adapted to innovations in technology, and today, more people are increasingly becoming victims of cybercrime. The Internet has had profound effects on the public, both positive and negative. In this paper we will examine how access to personal information has led to an increase in online and offline crimes. The essay will particularly focus on ecommerce and hacking.