Introduction:
The purpose of this experiment is to find out if the rate of transpiration in plants can be increased using light and wind. One of the biggest problems that land plants have to deal with is avoiding water loss or desiccation (Whiting, 2011). Transpiration is the loss of water vapor through the stomata (Xu et al. 1995). Transpiration occurs through stomata of leaves and also sometimes occurs in flowers (Vodopich and R. Moore, 2011). During transpiration, the water in the roots is being pulled up through the plant (Xu et al. 1995).
Transpiration serves three important roles in a plant. First, transpiration moves minerals up through the root. It moves minerals in the xylem and the sugars from photosynthesis through the phloem (Whiting, 2011). Water serves as a solvent for moving these vital nutrients through the plant. Second, transpiration helps with the cooling of plants. Most of the cooling effect of plants is caused by the evaporative effect of transpiration (Whiting, 2011). Lastly, transpiration helps with turgor pressure. Water helps maintain the turgor pressure in cells in plants. Turgidity is how plants are able to stay upright and stiff (Whiting, 2011).Turgidity also controls the guard cells, which surround the stomata and regulate water loss and carbon dioxide uptake (Whiting, 2011).
The stomata are epidermal pores in leaves of most plants. They are formed by the separation of a pair of guard cells with a pore in between (Vodopich and R. Moore, 2011). Guard cells in dicots are bean-shaped and are attached to each other at their ends (Vodopich and R. Moore, 2011). The stoma opens depending on by the amount of water between the leaf surface and the air. If the plant is turgid, or filled with water...
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...were traced onto graphing paper. Then each of the squares on the graphing paper were counted and each square represented four mm^2. This could have been easily messed up and the surface area could have come out incorrect.
Works Cited
1. Raven, P.H, G. B. Johnson, K. A. Mason, J. B. Losos, S. R. Singer. 2011. Biology 9th edition. McGraw-Hill, New York. Pp. 778-779.
2. Vodopich, Darrell and R. Moore. 2011. Biology Laboratory Manual. McGraw-Hill, New York. Pp. 359-364.
3. Whiting, David. The Science of Gardening, 2003-2010. Kendall Hunt Publishing Company, Duburque, Iowa. Available: www.cmg.colostate.edu/gardennotes/141.pdf. (December 2011).
4. Xu, H. L, L. Gauthier, and A. Gosselin. 1995. Photosnthetic response of greenhouse tomato plants to high solution electrical conductivity and low soil water contents. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 123(3): 417-422.
Carbon dioxide is necessary for plants to carry out the process of photosynthesis, which is an important process because it allows plants to produce glucose, as well as oxygen. Based on evidence from previous experiments, the growth of the plant will reflect the amount of CO2 gas that is present in the environment (O’Leary and Knecht 1986). This means that the plant growth relies on the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in order to be successful. Therefore, in several cases, it has been noted that when the concentration of CO2 is doubled, the plant growth will similarly increase (Carter et al. 1997). So, it can be concluded that by raising the amount of carbon dioxide in an environment, the surrounding plants will experience an increase in growth.
Miller, K. R., & Levine, J. S. (2010). Miller & Levine biology. Boston, Mass.: Pearson.
These leaves will also have no threat of excessive transpiration because the temperature in the shaded area will be lower and the humidity probably higher. Transpiration is the removal (evaporation) of water from a plant through the stomata in the leaves; this water is removed in a cycle due to the active uptake from the roots. Transpiration involves osmosis; which is the diffusion of water from a high concentration to a lower concentration through a partially permeable membrane, until both the concentrations are equally saturated. All these factors i.e. transpiration and photosynthesis, come together to confirm my hypothesis. To support my hypothesis further, I did a pilot study in a meadow in which I studied the population of certain plant species in areas of
The Effect of Light Intensity on the Rate of Oxygen Production in a Plant While Photosynthesis is Taking Place
[IMAGE]Carbon dioxide + water Light Energy glucose + oxygen Chlorophyll [IMAGE]6CO2 + 6H20 Light Energy C6 H12 O6 + 6O 2 Chlorophyll Photosynthesis occurs in the leaves of the plant in the palisade layer. Chlorophyll in the cells in the palisade layer absorb light for photosynthesis. The plant releases the oxygen created in photosynthesis back into the air but it uses or stores the glucose for energy, respiration, growth and repair. The leaves and plants are also specially adapted for photosynthesis in their structure and cell alignment. Preliminary Experiment Apparatus * Piece of Elodea Canadensis * Bulb * Voltmeter * Test tube * Beaker * Box *
Miller, K. R., & Levine, J. S. (2010). Miller & Levine biology. Boston, Mass: Pearson
Two members of the group were instructed to visit the laboratory each day of the experiment to water and measure the plants (Handout 1). The measurements that were preformed were to be precise and accurate by the group by organizing a standardized way to measure the plants. The plants were measured from the level of the soil, which was flat throughout all the cups, to the tip of the apical meristems. The leaves were not considered. The watering of the plants took place nearly everyday, except for the times the lab was closed. Respective of cup label, the appropriate drop of solution was added to the plant, at the very tip of the apical meristems.
...hroughout the Eelgrass. Excess water in the form of vapor is disposed of through stomata on the leaves. The gas exchange, root, and shoot systems are used in this exchange because the stomata release the excess water in the form of water vapor, which was first absorbed by the roots in the root system, then transported through the xylem in the shoot system throughout the eelgrass. Another exchange that goes on in Eelgrass is nutrients to plant cells. Again the gas exchange, root, and shoot systems are used. Nutrients are absorbed by the roots and made through photosynthesis; stomata take in carbon dioxide which is used along with light, water, and other nutrients previously stored to make more. Nutrients are carried throughout the plant to plant cells by the phloem. Homeostasis is the balance of systems in organisms and it’s very important to keep them in balance.
How Light Affects the Stomatal Opening in a Leaf Abstract = == == ==
The water traveled through tough tube-like things called xylem, and then some of the water stayed in the stomata, an eye like thing with guard cells that force it open or closed, and most of the water evaporated through the stomata, which are on the underside of leaves. For celerity that had no leaves, the
Plants also had to adapt on the surface in order to survive the climate change of moving onto land. The changes made to the surface of plants are most closely observed by their formation of a cuticular wax. This waxy cuticle is impermeable to water and acts as a method of controlling plant’s water intake. It can be made thinner or thicker depending on the plant’s needs and the environment at the time, changing in response to droughts or excessive amounts of rain.
Investigating the Effect of Light Intensity on Photosynthesis in a Pondweed Aim: To investigate how the rate of photosynthesis changes at different light intensities, with a pondweed. Prediction: I predict that the oxygen bubbles will decrease when the lamp is further away from the measuring cylinder, because light intensity is a factor of photosynthesis. The plant may stop photosynthesising when the pondweed is at the furthest distance from the lamp (8cm). Without light, the plant will stop the photosynthesising process, because, light is a limited factor. However once a particular light intensity is reached the rate of photosynthesis stays constant, even if the light intensity is the greatest.
After plants and trees absorb water through its root system, water not used for delivering minerals to the plant or tree returns to the atmosphere. “Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere” (U...
When there is water deficiency in plants, the concentration of abscisic acid in plants’ cells increases triggering the closure of stomata. Karp (2009) stated that “abscisic acid binds to a GPCR in plasma membrane of guard cells” (p.638). The receptors then activate several pathways in response to this condition. This attachment causes the opening of Ca2+ channels which transfer Ca2+ from vacuole into cytosol. At ...
The strong cells wall prevents bursting. The cell is turgid. If plant cells lose water the cells become limp and flaccid. Water is essential for support in plants.