The world woke up to the news of Wall Street collapsing in 2008 that threatened large numbers of financial institutions in the United States of America and across the globe. It is known to be one of the most financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930’s. The crisis was triggered by financiers from various lending institutions, Central bankers and other regulators who created the bubble in the financial sector. This had a domino effect across the globe triggering a massive bankruptcy across the financial institutions. Shares plunged in various stock markets in Americas, Asia, Europe, Africa, and Asia Pacific. That is an example of how interconnected (globalized) the world is, what happens in one part of the world can have an affect …show more content…
It was developed by Immanuel Wallerstein in the 1970s. The theory posits that the modern nation states exist within a broader economic, political and legal system which he refers to as a World System. These nations are part of a world-system of capitalism which refers to inter-regional and transnational division of labor which divides the world into three basic types of social systems/ geographical based hierarchical organized tiers. The first type is known as Core countries are the most advantaged areas in the world mostly North America and Europe. These states promote capitalism in terms of accumulating capital through tax, government purchasing, financing infrastructural development; invest heavily on research and development all with the aim of maintaining social order. They are seen as more exploitative because they have power in terms of dumping of unsafe goods in peripheral nations, exploit cheap labor from poor countries, acquire raw material at a cheaper price than it would be at the free market. Their political, economic and military clout allows these nations to accumulate wealth while exploiting other peripheral …show more content…
The last few years there have been a massive aid flow from the developed countries to developing countries. Despite help from foreign countries, government must formulate a health care policy which can provide some standard practice to protect the health and wellbeing of its citizens. This ensures that all the patients receive the same care no matter the service provider. The policy framework gives the scope, mechanisms a given government can choose from and implementation framework to fulfill the aims of the public health
The government of the United Kingdom substantially oversees most government activities, some of the activities they oversee is making sure that efficient and suitable Health care is available for its citizens a country with healthy is always a prosperous nation and in other to be able to provide good health care ,policies will have to be made. Health policy is provided with the help of a good policy making process
A country’s health care system refers to all the institutions, programs, personnel, procedures, and the resources that are used to meet the health needs of its population. Health care systems vary from one country to another, depending on government policies and the health needs of the population. Besides, health care programs are flexible in the sense that they are tailored to meet health needs as they arise. Among the stakeholders in the formulation of a country’s health care system are governments, religious groups, non-governmental organizations, charity organizations, trade/labor unions, and interested individuals (Duckett, 2008). These entities formulate, implement, evaluate, and reform health services according to the needs of the sections of the population they target.
What is world history? Bruce Mazlish contends that "world" history, as opposed to "global" history, is the study of systemic processes of interaction among diverse peoples, best typified by the work of William H. McNeill. By contrast, "global" history is the history of globalization, a process that Mazlish argues did not begin to occur on a significant scale until at least the 1950s, and, more plausibly, the 1970s. Citing prominent economic historians, Nicholas Kristof asserts that globalization actually started in the second half of the 19th Century, when steamships, the telegraph, the railroad, and European, North American, and Japanese empire-builders brought humankind into a single densely interwoven community of trade, investment, culture, and political rivalry for the first time. One of the founders of world-system theory, Immanuel Wallerstein, traces the invention of capitalism and the beginnings of what he calls the "Modern World-System" to the late 15th and 16th Centuries. His co-founder and worthy competitor Andre Gunder Frank argues that capitalism originated some five thousand years ago and that at least the Afro-Eurasian ecumene has been in continuous interactive existence ever since. As that ancient forerunner of postmodernist relativism, the Roman playwright Terence, once said, Quot homines, tot sententiae: "as many men, so many opinions." [1]
Access to healthcare amenities is critical for country residents. Ideally, all residents should be able to suitably and confidently use various services such as primary medical care, dental services, behavioral health, emergency services, and public health facilities. Access to healthcare is important for some reasons. They include overall physical and intellectual health status checks, prevention of diseases, detection and illnesses treatment, death prevention and a critically ill individual’s life
According to Wallerstein, a world-economy is a single social economy containing multiple state or political structures that operates on the basis of a capitalist mode of production and in which ceaseless accumulation of capital guides the system. Wallerstein recently added the word "ceaseless" (his italics) to his definition in order to distinguish his paradigm of the capitalist world-economy with its origins in the sixteenth century from other paradigms that trace the origins to earlier points in history.
A health care system that provides free health care services to its entire citizen can be termed as universal health care. This is a situation where all citizens are protected from financial costs in health care. It is recognized around the globe as it provides a specific package of benefits to all citizens in the entire nation. For instance, free health care can result to improved health outcomes. In addition, it provides financial risk protection and an improved access to health services. There is an increasing debate on how citizen should be provided with free medical services. Although United State does not permit free health care services it should have free health care for all citizens. This is due to the fact that healthcare is the largest industry in United State. Due to the fact that United State is a rich country, it should have a healthcare system that provides free services such as treatment for its entire citizen. This will play a significant role, as it will stop medical bankruptcies in...
Global health fails to integrate the local viewpoint of the people into their development action plan, and to make development initiative successful, the opinion of the community must be taken into account. Therefore, the local people tend to dispute the western rule that urges development strategies over their community without comprehending the wants of the people. Another major reason for the failure of global health initiative is the absence of health infrastructure in much of the growing world. Due to this fact, the global health encounters a usual obstacle of transferring extensive amounts of resources to people, usually in local and distant geographical locations, with no substantial infrastructure to work through. The community nurses, midwives, or traditional doctors are given inadequate teaching or practice opportunities to allow them to work effectively with local people for a long term success. The global health initiative often tends to spend a little time as required to assure that there is a common vision, not just temporary obligation but a chance to grow and support the skills the community need to perfectly put them in place to
Then we have the World System Theory of Immanuel Wallerstein. It stated that as societies are industrialized, capitalism became dominant economic system, leading to the globalization of capitalism. This globalization of capitalism refers to the adoption of capitalism by countries around the world. Wallerstein said, as capitalism
Health policy is described as the action of the Government to achieve goals within the health sector (10). Through an analysis of policy it is understood that it is influenced
They first define the three major types of health policies, then they mention factors that influence which health policy is used by a country, and finally health care policies in different African states are discussed. The colonial health model prioritizes social control, having funds to cover administration costs, and generating a surplus of wealth to support trade and production (87). This type of policy focused first on Europeans and then slowly spread to urban elite, neglecting much of the rural African population. A basic health services model works to expand health care in rural and urban areas with an emphasis on preventative medicine (88). The last type of health policy is primary health care and its purpose is to reflect the needs of the community, which often entail promotive, preventative, and rehabilitative care. The two main determinants of health policies are the contemporary African states, which makes decisions based on ideology, and practice constraints such as poverty, declining trade, and a shortage of medical workers (90). There does appear to be a correlation between the type of government a country has and their health policy. For example, capitalist states, such as Kenya and the Ivory Coast, place an emphasis on teaching hospitals and want health care equivalent to international standards (91). These states often have
The topic of healthcare access worldwide isn’t one that leads people to say that as humans we don’t need access to medical services. The questions that come up are more precise. How do we pay for it? What type of system is best? How do we get medical professionals and equipment to the remote areas of the world? What are the limiting factors developing nations face and how do we overcome them? These points of controversy have built our path for tackling this global issue.
Globalization can be explained in economic and sociological contexts. Malcolm Waters, in his book– ‘Globalization’ writes that “Globalization is a social process in which the constraints of geography on economic, political, social and cultural arrangements recede, in which people become increasingly aware that they are receding and in which people act accordingly.” Whereas, Nobel laureate and economist Joseph Stiglitz in his book ‘Globalization and Its Discontents’ says that ”Globalization is the closer integration of the countries and peoples of the world ...brought about by the enormous reduction of costs of transportation and communication, and the breaking down of artificial barriers to the flows of goods, services, capital, knowledge, and people across borders." However, according to Jon Aart Scholte- an authority on the subject- globalization as a process is ‘deterritorialization’; i.e., under the conditions of the process of globalization, territories- geographical boundaries have transgressed and have become extraneous to human relations. For instance, employees of a call-centre in Noida can sell insurance schemes to a resident of New York. Malcolm Waters based on the different forms of human exchange proposed a ‘Globalization Theorem.’ The theorem states that-“Material exchanges localize; political exchanges internationalize; and symbolic exchanges globalize.” Material exchange refers...
Some of the things that are learned in a modern world system class is what are world system and globalization. Because it is hard to write down the definition in my own word I am going to use the words of Immanuel Wallerstein. Wallerstein wrote that a world system is “a social system, one that has boundaries, structures, member groups, rules of legitimation, and coherence. Its life is made up of the conflicting forces which hold it together by tension and tear it apart as each group seeks eternally to remold it to its advantage. It has the characteristics of an organism, in that it has a life-span over which its characteristics change in some respects and remain stable in others. One can define its structures as being at different times strong or weak in terms of the internal logic of its functioning” (Wallerstein p; 239). What he is basically saying is that the world system. This is pretty much the same thing the Karl Marx and Lenin said with a modern a day appear. Wallerstein claims the world-system of today is a world-economy, implying the exploitation relationship between abstractions of countries. Globalization is the process, completed in the twentieth century, by which the capitalist world-system spreads across the actual globe. Since that world-system has maintained some of its main features over several centuries, globalization does not constitute a new phenomenon. At the turn of the twenty-first century, the capitalist world economy is in crisis; therefore, according to the theory's leading proponent, the current "ideological celebration of so-called globalization is in reality the swan song of our historical system" (I. Wallerstein, Utopistics, 1998: 32).
Asian financial crisis in 1997 is a good example to demonstrate the globalisation as a single issue in one country will motivate a domino effect on other countries. Since the crisis stared in Thailand because of the fail in banking system, a political upheaval was triggered in South Korea and Indonesia. At the same time, financial centres in New York, London, Hong Kong and Tokyo were also affected in this crisis. During the crisis, global news agencies utilised the Internet and telegraph updating news to their home countries. Such as the Economist, Reuters and the Financial Times which ar...
Poor Medical health care is something prevalent in many countries. Every family all over the world has suffered deaths due to poor medical healthcare and insurance. The decreasing in the quality of health services provided to the individuals and patients is Poor medical healthcare. Poor Medical Health care is a critical problem that has to end, as studies about it showed that adults in the United States receive half of the needed health care services (EA & RH, 2001), and not only adults but also all types of citizens including children, if this problem did not end deaths of people will significantly increase (Cecere, 2009). Poor Medical health insurance can end with the aid of many solutions that will be proposed within this research paper. Thus, poor medical health care as mentioned before is a detracted problem that has to end because it is the reason of many peoples’ deaths.