Introduction
Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) are native to the United States and are most commonly used for their oils and for their edible seeds. There are many different species of the genus Helianthus including dwarf sunflowers (Seiler 2007). These flowers are usually resistant to diseases, insect pests and droughts (Perez et al 2007). Sunflowers are plants that can grow fairly well on their own as long as they are placed in a warm environment, temperatures range from 64 to 91 degrees Fahrenheit (Putnam et al. 1990). Even though they grow fairly well many factors can affect their growth such as temperature, amount of water, the type of soil and horomal contributions. Gibberellic Acid is a fungal product that us important in plants and
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Before the experiment was conducted, my hypothesis was that the higher concentration of gibberellic acid would cause the seedlings to grow taller. When the results were gathered, the raw data showed their was a correlation between the concentrations and how they tall the seedlings grew. Gibberellic acid is known to only promote shoot growth by cell elongation (Lang 1957). The plants that received .1% gibberellic acid did grow taller than the control, proving my hypothesis. There was a static difference between these two groups if looking at the means. Gibberellic acid is used by many farmers to promote healthy, taller, and stronger plants. Although there was no statical difference between most of the other groups, we can conclude that adding higher concentrations will give us better results if looking at the means. Redoing this experiment would provide an opportunity to retest the experiment by placing the plants in a different area in the greenhouse so they would not receive as much water. It would also provide a opportunity to try different concentration levels, such as .5%, and .25% to see if higher concentrations do promote or hinder plant growth. This experiment proved the hypothesis and tested vauble information about high concentrations of gibberellic acid and how it affects plants This experiment helped provide more evidence for future
The experiment was designed to test the hypothesis by planting an increasing number of genus Helianthus (sunflower) seeds in pots to see how they respond to increased density in limited space. Two replicates each of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 seeds were planted in similar size pots containing an equal mix of potting soil and perlite. All plants were kept in greenhouse conditions exposed to similar light and temperatures settings and were watered at equivalent intervals. At the end of the time period each pot was evaluated for number of seeds that had germinated as well as number of stems with blooms. Stems and blooms were cut and weighed.
In the experiment “ Talking to plants “ from Mythbusters, potential problems include the use of greenhouses with no sound insulation, a non-homogeneous location and the use of only one specie to infer on a population. In another scientific study, researchers chose to use “ a noiseless growth chamber to prevent any effects from extraneous noise “ and the use “ growth chambers under continuous light at 28 c and 65-75% relative humidity “ in order to maintain a homogeneous location for all plants during the experiment (Jeong et al., 2008) . This helped further explain the findings because with the use of noiseless chambers you can assure that the only noise that the plant was receiving was the one given in the treatment and a valid conclusion
Every day of observation, the liquid treatments were applied to the plants.. A spray bottle was used to administer gibberellic acid, Cycocel, or water to the plants. One bottle contained only water, another contained 100 parts per million of gibberellic acid, and the other contained a 1:100 dilution of Cycocel also known as B-9 solution. Two full squeezes were dispensed over each of the four sections of a occupied quadrant. The nozzles were sprayed into a small plastic tube to avoid cross-contamination with adjacent quadrants. The plants were kept under fluorescent light on a timed cycle where they were on for 16 hours of the day and off for the other
My hypothesis states if the pinto beans are watered with the “acid rain” mixture, then the acid rain would negatively affect whether the pinto bean will germinate because acid rain can wash away nutrients and poison plants with toxic metals which could affect whether the bean germinates. According to my data, my hypothesis was correct even though one of the beans with acid rain did germinate but that is 1 out of 20 beans so it’s very unlikely that it would happen again. My hypothesis was correct because my data proves that the pH of the acid rain mixture does affect whether the bean would germinate. Which makes sense because my background information talks about the negative affect of acid rain on plants. In conclusion my hypothesis was correct
the effect light has on the growth of pea plants. It will take place in an environment with controlled light, with equal amounts of plants being grown in the light and in the dark. All elements of the experiment other than light will be kept the same, such as amount of seeds in each pot, amount of soil in each pot and amount of water given to each plant each day. This will ensure a fair experiment. Prediction: I predict that in general, the plants grown in the light will grow better than those grown in the dark.
Sanders, G.E., Clark A.G., Colls, J.J. (1991) The influence of open-top chambers on the growth and development of field bean. New Phytol 117:439–447
We used wheatgrass were 40 wheatgrass seeds, two empty pots, soil, and water. We first added soil for both pots and 20 wheatgrass seeds in each pot. My partner and I decided that we label pot one experiment which is “sugar and water” and pot two control which is “water” only. The experiment was for almost four weeks we had to make sure both get the same room temperature and water, so we can see the results after this amount of time. Both pots had same room temperature so both can have the same amount of sunlight also, the same amount of water which is a glass of water from the sink once a week. In the experiment pot we added a glass of water with one teaspoon of sugar and the control pot glass of water. Every week we used to see both pots grow almost the same. At the end of the experiment, my partner and I measured the length for both plants and we recorded the average for each plant, so we can know the rate of growth
Does radiation affect the way a plant grows? If plant seeds are exposed to microwave radiation, then the growing process will increase. The procedures to complete this experiment are: gather all the materials needed to prepare to plant, fertilize, water and conversely, test the plant. Locate a nice spot to test the plant. Every day record to see if there is any plant growth. The independent variable is the amount of microwave radiation seeds receive. The dependent variable is the growth of the plant seeds. The control group was the non-microwaved seeds (cell #1). The experimental group is the microwaved seeds (cell #2 - 15 seconds, cell #3 - 30 seconds). The constant variables were, the same amount of water ( 30 ml), the same soil ( Miracle
Plant defences are those mechanisms employed by plants in response to herbivory and parasitism. According to Hanley et al. (2007), “the tissues of virtually all terrestrial, freshwater, and marine plants have qualities that to some degree reduce herbivory, including low nitrogen concentration, low moisture content, toxins or digestibility-reducing compounds”. The type of chemical defence may be species specific (Scott 2008). The defences that plants possess may be in the form of chemical production or in the form of physical defences such as thorns or spikes and even through reinforced, rigid leaves. “The compounds that are produced in response to herbivory can either have a direct effect on the attacker itself (e.g. toxins or digestibility reducers), or serve as indirect defenses by attracting the natural enemies of the herbivores” (Bezemer & van Dam 2005). This essay will focus on chemical plant defences and in particular the effects of terpenes, phenolics, nitrogen-based defences as well as allelopathy in plants.
The “Fast Plant” experiment is an observation of a plants growth over the span of twenty-eight days. The objective is to observe how plants grow and use their resources throughout the span of their life. In our lab we observed the Brassica rapa, a herbaceous plant in the mustard family which has a short cycle which makes it a perfect plant to observe in this experiment. Like other plants the Brassica rapa must use the resources in the environment to create energy to complete itʻs life cycle and reproduce. By observing the plant it is easy to see in what organ or function the plant is using itʻs energy and resources and if overtime the resources switch to other part of the plants. By conducting this experiment we are able to observe where and how plants allocate their resources throughout their life by harvesting plants at different points in their life.
The longevity of the flowers was determined by observing the average days taken for the two stalks of cut flowers to wilt or shrivel within 14 days in different holding solutions. The tap water holding solution will be the control in this experiment. The purpose of sucrose solution in this experiment was to provide respiratory substrate and increase the longevity of the flowers. It is expected that the cut flowers in sucrose holding solution would have better longevity compared to the tap water holding solution. The results obtained are concordant to the theory as all cut flowers in sucrose holding solution have longer average days to wilt or shrivel. Coorts (1973) suggest that by supplying cut flowers with exogenous sugar such
Sesame is a short-day plant but also grows well in long-day areas. It thrives best on moderately fertile and well-drained soils (pH ranging from 5.5 to 8.0) and is sensitive to salinity. (Vossen & Mkamilo, 2007) Sesame can be produced both by smallholders and at larger industrial scale. Its production is mainly concentrated in area between northern and southern of equator latitude 45 degree, covering tropical to subtropical regions. The main producers are China, India, Myanmar in Asia, and Sultan, Uganda, Nigeria in Africa and Mexico and Guatemala in South America. Weather condition impact heavily the sesame production regardless of drought or heavy rain. The sesame yield in these countries
Yes the hypothesis was supposed, which was "Germinating seed would take in more oxygen because they are actively going through cellular respond growing. This is shown in the data when looking at the Corrected Difference at 5 minutes germinating peas was at .05 and dry peas with beads was only .01, then looking at the data at the end at 20 minutes germinating peas were at .24 and dry peas and beads were at .04. The germinating were ahead of the dry peas with taking in more oxygen. The independent variable was the germination of the peas. The dependent variable was the amount of oxygen consumption. Germinating peas are growing and going through cellular respiration at a higher rate, this effects oxygen consumption because because the higher the
The common species include daisy and sunflowers for ornamental; lettuce for crop; ragweed and thistles for weeds. Most plants of Asteraceae are herbaceous plants, but climbers, trees and shrubs do exits. most of the Asteraceae members produce taproots, but some of them also have fibrous root systems. The leaves can be alternated, opposite or whorled. The common plant characteristics of Asteraceae include having “composite” flower heads composed of many small flowers, called florets, that are surrounded by bracts. They also contain white sap in their leaves and stems. The members of Asteraceae can produce a type of fruit named achene. Achenes are dry and single-seeded fruits. They do not open at maturity. For example, the seeds of the sunflower are achenes.
Floriculture, or flower farming, is a subset of horticulture which is essentially concerned with the development and cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry, comprising the floral commerce. The development, via plant breeding, of new varieties is a major occupation of floriculturists. The flower industry comprises cultivation and trade of cut flowers, cut foliage, potted plants and bedding plants. The main representatives of cut flowers are: the rose, chrysanthemum, gladiolus, carnation and lilies. Potted vegetation and cut flowers roughly have an 80 per cent share of the total world trade in ornate plant varieties. In the flower industry, momentous changes are occurring in competitive relationships worldwide.