Literature Review Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder affects children in many different ways. It is perceived as a disability to children. Research shows that ADHD effects children’s academics, educational progress, and development. It is manifested at home, at school, and in social settings. How does ADHD affect children’s education? Can this childhood disorder keep children from progressing in their academic studies? To help answer these questions two theoretical perspectives, The Symbolic Interactionism Perspective and The Social Reaction Theory, are examined. Symbolic Interactionism is a micro sociological perspective. It says that human behavior is influenced by definitions and meanings that are created and maintained through …show more content…
Research within the disciplines of psychiatry and criminology has increasingly identified a link between ADHD, delinquency and crime. So far, consideration of ADHD from sociological perspectives has been limited, while it has been virtually ignored as a diagnosis with social impact and a popular phenomenon within Australia. Some researchers used the sociology of deviance to illustrate the value of sociological perspectives and to explore questions about the impact of ADHD that psycho-medical perspectives cannot. (Champagne, …show more content…
It also shows evidence that it hinders their education progression. In observing the ten students at the afterschool program, only three of them had been diagnosed with ADHD. However, four of them exhibited signs and symptoms of ADHD, but had never been evaluated for it. Compared to the four that did not exhibit any signs or symptoms of ADHD, these six students had lower grades and required more tutoring because they had trouble comprehending their work. There was notable learning disabilities seen in reading, math, and spelling. They often became frustrated and were disciplined often for behavior problems. The subjects were at conflict with each other, parents, and teaches. The questionnaires completed by parents and teachers of the participants confirmed that the students do have ADHD. The students that were not previously diagnosed were given referrals to a physician of their parents’ choice for further evaluation. The articles that were reviewed for this showed evidence that ADHD effects does hinder children’s educational progression and cause deviant
Click here to unlock this and over one million essays
Show MoreSymbolic interactionism perspective is defined as “the study of how people negotiate the meanings of social life during their interactions with others” (Rohall, Milkie, and Lucas, 2014, p.27). It asserts that “we construct meaning about things that are important in our own lives and in our society” (Rohall, Milkie, and Lucas, 2014, p.28). These meanings derive from social interactions among individuals which
As much as ADHD is a medical impediment for the patient, it can almost be considered a privilege for a certain group of people, because they are allowed to assert that a certain set of behaviors belong to their “nature". To cope with the disorder, schools often offer students suffering from ADHD a host of accommodations, including special classes and teaching assistants to help them absorb the material at the level of their peers. Legal provisions exist that allow students with ADHD to be excused from standardized testing [1] and to be given additional leniency and resources in the classroom. The individual students themselves start to pick up that they are naturally distinguished or special in some way, because they have been stigmatized from a very formative age. This kind of thinking, while warranted in some scope, does not allow the children themselves to reflect and think critically about how outcomes in their school and life can be changed. Furthermore, the idea that their behavior is an immutable characteristic of nature can have devastating effects on their self-esteem and ability to succeed later in
ADHD is an exceedingly real diagnosis for many children in the United States. Are we over diagnosing our little ones just to keep from dealing with unpleasant behavior? “ On average 1 of every 10 to 15 children in the United States has been diagnosed with the disorder, and 1 in every 20 to 25 uses a stimulant medication” (Mayes, Bagwell, & Erkulwater, 2008). Several believe that virtually all ADHD diagnoses are retractable with appropriate discipline of children instead of being so hasty in medicating them. The material found on the CDC website describes facts about ADHD, it clarifies the signs, symptoms, types, causes, diagnosis tools, and treatment forms of ADHD. What the article neglects to go into is the reality that there is a considerable amount of controversy surrounding ADHD. The CDCs usage of ethos, pathos, and logos and by what method the website manipulates them to affect the reader will be the basis of this paper.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the main type used to treat ADHD in psychotherapy treatment for children. Moreover, it integrates the following two components: behavioural interventions; and parent training. The main goal is improving the daily functioning of the child by improving their behaviour, family, and peer relationships. Interventions for parents are designed to help parents develop optimal strategies to cope with the difficult behaviour to or coexist with ADHD rather than addressing the core symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. By doing so, answering the research question, could help us to modify their behaviour and raising their grades. Teachers can create an enhanced learning environment for all children
ADHD is a disorder that has been on the rise for several years now. The disorder is one that can cause many impairments to a child’s attention span, making it difficult to concentrate and to keep on task, especially on schoolwork. (Graham, 2007) The statistics have been growing ...
But ADHD affects in academic achievements has only been frequently studied in younger groups, like children and adolescents, with little research done on ADHD’s affect on college students and their resulting academic achievements. This study is relevant because it is suspected that people who are diagnosed with ADHD may experience different symptoms as they age but will always have the disorder present, and perhaps it could be revealing itself through different behaviorisms. By conducting this study there could be a way to see if the past findings of ADHD related behaviors in young students are similar to the affects college students are having in their academic lives. Also, this research could determine if ADHD’s negative academic affects are only specialized to the college students with ADHD, or if the affects are r...
Individuals with ADHD experience social rejection and a lack of long term friends because of their impulsive behaviors. “Children with ADHD have 3 times as many peer related problems than those without a history of the disorder.” (CDC.gov citation needed) Parents report that children with ADHD are 10 times more likely to experience difficulties that interfere with making and keeping friends. Due to the general harsh judgment of society daily life is difficult on anyone who is “different”. Because of that harshness many children with this diagnosis experience bullying which becomes physical. Also these children lack the ability to filter thoughts before they escape the mouth. This causes them to say things that would otherwise be kept silent. These thoughts in addition to the social rejection hinder their ability to create long term friends. Because of their impulsive behavior these children are also more likely to suffer injuries.
Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder, otherwise known as ADHD, is the most common psychiatric condition effecting 9.5% of school-aged children in the United States (intuniv, 2013). If the disorder goes untreated, it will cause more long-term side effects and difficulties for the individual as an adult. Adults who have this condition face several adversities in every day life, such as impulsive behavior, low self-esteem and poor work performance. People are not aware of the complications that come with ADHD in adults. Not knowing the symptoms of the disease can cause people to not be sympathetic when they are interacting with someone with disorder.
ADHD children seem to always be in motion. They can find it hard to complete tasks they¡¦ve begun and planning ahead is difficult. These children occasionally appear to be oblivious to what takes place around them. Then there are other days when these children appear to behave just fine, apparently unaffected by the disorder. This can pose a problem for the affected youngsters as it leads others to think that the ADHD children can readily control these behaviors. ADHD is non-discriminating. Faced with constant turmoil and commotion in their lives, these affected children are from many diverse backgrounds (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 42). Ethnicity and cultural backgrounds of the affected children and their primary caregivers can greatly influence the understanding of this disorder and its associated behaviors as well as affect any treatment options that might be sought (Bussing 233). Why don¡¦t all children benefit from the wealth of information and treatment options available in today¡¦s society?
These symptoms prove to be particularly challenging to children and adolescents. Although they may be quite intelligent, their lack of focus frequently results in poor grades and difficulty in school. Children and adolescents with ADHD tend to act impulsively, without addressing the consequences of their actions until it is too late. Their attention spans are much shorter than most children?s are, thus they become bored easily and frustrated with ...
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is very commonly known. Today, ADHD is one of the most common mental disorders among children. The NIMH (The national institute of mental health) predicts that it affecting 3 to 5 percent of all children(AACAP), with an approximate amount of 30% to 65% of these children experiencing persistence of symptoms into adolescence and adulthood (AACAP).There are three types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, Predominantly Inattentive Type, and Combination Type(ehow.com). The symptoms of ADHD can be classified into three main categories; hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. These behaviors can interfere with ADHD sufferers’ ability to focus deliberately on organizing and completing a specific task that they may not enjoy. A case of this kind of behavior is recognized in a report written by the National Institute of Mental Health where one of the subjects under study was unable to pass schooling examinations due to her inattentive behavior (clinicaltrials.gov) These kinds of behaviors can damage the person's relationships with others in addition to disrupting their daily life, consuming energy, and diminishing self-esteem, depending on severity of their symptoms (adhd.com). In this paper, the multiple factors of how ADHD affects, and is handled, of those who undergo this disorder, are shown.
In symbolic interaction we communicate with other people through roles that we assign to them, the way we label them, or how we act in accordance to what this person symbolizes to us. Often we assign labels, or roles to other people by knowing them from before. It is focused on individual interactions with other people, things or the events. One thing can symbolize one thing to me, but it can mean something else to another individual. Since we view the same thing differently, we will interact towards that thing or individual in different ways. An example of this is, rainy day for my kids means fun in the water, walking through mud, and just enjoying the day. To me the same rainy day means, lots of dirty clothes, mud all over the floor. It is important to remember that someone’s symbolic interaction can change. It is fully focused on micro sociology, only focusing on interactions between individuals. It states that we interact and change according to our prior experiences and interactions. Two sociologists that are identified with this theory are Max Weber and George Mead. Action depends
After reading the articles Driven to Distraction and Lost in Translation, both from Today’s Parent magazine, I have learned many new things. I learned that it is sometimes not very easy to pick out a child with ADHD, even if it is your own child. It could take years to discover that a child has ADHD. It can be easily detected once the child has entered elementary school. One of the signs of ADHD is falling behind in school, or acting up and not being able to pay attention for long periods of time. This causes frustration for the child, the parents, teachers and the other students in the classroom. It is difficult for parents because they do not want to believe that their child has a disability. It is even harder for the child because they are the ones that have to deal with the name calling, being held back a grade or two and just knowing that they are different. The issue of being different for a child living with ADHD is very stressful and could make the child not want to learn new things or pay attention in school. They just give up on trying to learn.
Symbolic interactionism tends to observe things by paying full attention to the micro level of sociology. Instead of focusing on broader aspects you look at things depending upon the individual and their interactions in society. Through the use of symbols we are able to assign meaning to people and things and then develop our own interpretations of those symbols.
A very common disorder in children is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD. These students have a difficult time holding attention due to the lack of the ability to concentrate. These students tend to act impulsively, have attention deficits, and sometimes exude hyperactive behaviors. Children that have ADHD do not qualify for special education unless they also have another disability. Approximately 7.8 percent of children from the ages of 4 to 17 have been diagnosed with ADHD, research also shows that males are more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD over women. These ratios vary from 4:1 to 9:1. These students with ADHD can be impulsive, which means they act before they think or before considering the situation that they are currently in. They also have a hard time concentrating and find it difficult to sit still. There are medications for ADHD, and they are prescribed often, there are also a variety of drugs that have been proven to make a child with ADHD more attentive and improve their academic performance. Unfortunately, these drugs have side effects such as weight loss, blood pressure chan...