How Did Harlem's Migration Contribute To The Rise Of The Harlem Renaissance?
analytical Essay
875 words
Introduction During the decades immediately after the First World War, many African Americans – after enduring centuries of bondage and the fight for abolition – moved from the economically deprived and agricultural South to the industrialized North. In metropolises like New York City, Washington, D.C., and Chicago, the just-migrated blacks looked for and got (to some extent) new artistic and economic occupations. These migrants found out that they had common encounters in their pasts and their indeterminate situations then. African Americans were stimulated to celebrate their culture and become the “New Negro.” The migrants were seeking jobs in industrialized metropolises, opportunities for education; they were also running away from the intolerance in the South brought about by Jim Crow. In part, the struggling system of agriculture in the South – whereby many African Americans were left unwaged – also motivated the migration. These mass departure years changed America’s demographic structure as well as the economic, cultural, social and political lives of African Americans. The Harlem Renaissance This was what the social, artistic, and cultural upsurge that occurred in Harlem in the years between the First World War and the mid-1930s was called (Wormser, 2002). Harlem in the course of this period was a cultural hub; it brought in black authors, …show more content…
In this essay, the author
- Describes black power as a declaration of racial dignity and individuality. it was ingrained in the abundant practice of black dissent.
- Analyzes how the black power movement's displeasure with the pace at which change was being experienced led to its emergence.
- Explains that black power's manifestation was in various forms, such as the development of enterprises owned by blacks, support for the inclusion of african american readings into curriculums and rebellious acts perpetrated in the name of ethnic parity.
- Explains that african americans moved from the economically deprived and agricultural south to the industrialized north in the decades immediately after the first world war.
- Describes the social, artistic, and cultural upsurge that occurred in harlem in the years between the first world war and the mid-1930s.
As a term, “black power” was made popular by Stokely Carmichael in 1966; Carmichael, then the SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) leader, used it in an address. He described black power as a declaration of racial dignity and individuality (Bigsby, 2005, p. 476). The movement was strongly ingrained in the abundant practice of black dissent. Its utilization of art, culture and the written word to increase black consciousness associates it with the Harlem
Related
- explanatory
- analytical
- opinion
- The Harlem Renaissanceexplanatory essayThe Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance refers to a prolific period of unique works of African-American expression from about the end of World War I to the beginning of the Great Depression. Although it is most commonly associated with the literary works produced during those years, the Harlem Renaissance was much more than a literary movement; similarly, it was not simply a reaction against and criticism of racism. The Harlem Renaissance inspired, cultivated, and, most importantly, legitimated the very idea of an African-American cultural consciousness. Concerned with a wide range of issues and possessing different interpretations and solutions of these issues affecting the Black population, the writers, artists, performers and musicians of the Harlem Renaissance had one important commonality: "they dealt with Black life from a Black perspective."
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the harlem renaissance was a prolific period of african-american expression from the end of world war i to the beginning of the great depression.
- Explains that blacks began to migrate from the southern united states to the north beginning in 1919 and lasting through about 1926. the reasons for this mass movement are complicated and numerous.
- Explains how the new negro movement fueled social activity in a spirit of 'progressivism' that believed in art and literature as agents of social change.
- Explains that there was not a single sociopolitical vision that dominated the works of the renaissance.
- Explains that the renaissance could not overcome the overwhelming white presence in commerce which defined art and culture. harlem intellectuals became "dicty niggers."
- Argues that the great depression provided a deep, abrupt interruption into renaissance activities as it did to all other aspects of social life.
- Explains that the harlem renaissance left a lasting legacy of cultural consciousness that informed all americans of black culture and life.
- Explains that migration has long been and continues to be an important part of black history. between 1919 and the 1960's over 6 million blacks have left the south for northern cities.
- Explains the reason the renaissance was able to occur was the general spirit of "self-determination" and social experimentation that gained popularity and acceptance following world war i.
- Explains that for the american negro, this meant a struggling identity crisis, being an american but not in whole because of the cruel and unfair treatment of black people.
- Explains that the u.s. government's works progress administration cultural program fueled an abundance of african american literary works, performance art, and visual expression well into the early 1940s.
1171 wordsRead More - The Warmth of Other Suns, by Isabel Wilkersonanalytical essayDuring 1910 and 1970, over six million blacks departed the oppression of the South and relocated to western and northern cities in the United States, an event identified as the Great Migration. The Warmth of Other Suns is a powerful non-fiction book that illustrates this movement and introduces the world to one of the most prominent events in African American history. Wilkerson conveys a sense of authenticity as she not only articulates the accounts of Ida Mae Brandon Gladney, George Swanson Starling, and Robert Joseph Pershing Foster, but also intertwines the tales of some 1,200 travelers who made a single decision that would later change the world. Wilkerson utilizes a variety of disciplines including sociology, psychology, and economics in order to document and praise the separate struggles but shared courage of three individuals and their families during the Great Migration.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how wilkerson conveys a sense of authenticity as she articulates the accounts of ida mae brandon gladney, george swanson starling, and robert joseph pershing foster.
- Analyzes how the book's three leading protagonists ultimately possess a common objective, escaping their unjust circumstances in pursuit of seeking the "warmth of other suns."
- Analyzes how george, robert, and robert's decisions were not based on selfish intentions. they left louisiana to pursue an honest career that would permit them to support their family.
- Analyzes how ida mae and her husband knew it was their time to escape the south after her cousin was incorrectly blamed for stealing a turkey.
- Analyzes how george refused to accept the absurd societal belief that he wouldn't measure up to his white counterparts. robert's move was sparked by career motives and his ability to establish himself in the workplace.
- Analyzes how wilkerson utilized psychology to reveal how the inner workings of the mind lead to the reason each thought and behaved differently. ida mae's husband proclaimed that they were going to leave their home.
- Compares george's decision to abandon his wife and the kids, while robert was plagued by a mental battle of masculinity.
- Explains that ida mae and her husband were exhausted from performing backbreaking labor in the fields every day, and it was up to their boss if they even got paid for doing the work. this served as a push factor from mississippi to milwaukee.
- Compares how george and his family were living in their father's house. george was not poor but could make a larger sum of money in harlem, where he didn't have to worry about being shortchanged. robert, on the other hand, had developed wealth through marriage
- Concludes that isabel wilkerson used varied scopes and extensive amounts of research to communicate a sense of reality that lifted the characters off the page.
1207 wordsRead More - The Harlem Renaissanceanalytical essayThe Harlem Renaissance World War I changed the American culture. The “Lost Generation,” as the youth of the roaring twenties was called, no longer had the blind respect for tradition held by previous generations. Instead the youth that witnessed the ‘Great War’ sought substitutes by indulging in the new, trendy, young, and vibrant. This atmosphere set the scene for the New Negro Movement, also known as the Harlem Renaissance. For the first time, America was willing to pay attention to black culture and its new style and ideas.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the harlem renaissance world war i changed the american culture. the "lost generation" no longer had the blind respect for tradition held by previous generations.
- Analyzes how the post-civil war era provided the intellectual base needed for the emergence of african-american literature.
- Explains that claude mckay, james weldon johnson, countee cullen, langston hughes, zora neale hurston, jean toomer, and jessie fauset drove the new literary movement.
- Explains that jazz music attracted many white youth to the harlem renaissance. bessie smith, jelly roll morton, louis armstrong, and duke ellington played lively music that expressed the african american experience.
- Explains that the harlem renaissance ended in the 1930s and the great depression hurt the prosperity of the city.
- Cites dickinson, laurie, and rampersad, arnold. "zora neale hurston." university of minnesota.
- Cites wintz, cary, and britannica concise's "harlem renaissance."
670 wordsRead More - The Harlem Renaissance: Creation of a New Nationanalytical essayThe Harlem Renaissance created a new racial identity for African-Americans living in the United States, after the First World War. This new racial identity caused the African-Americans to become a nation within the United States. A nation is defined as a group of people that share common language, ethnicity, history, and culture. A nation of people may or may not have sovereignty. Harlem, a neighbourhood in Manhattan, New York City, emerged as the “race capital”1 for African-Americans living in the Northern states. Many African-Americans migrated from the Southern states to the North because of an influx of available jobs after World War I. Influential writer James Weldon Johnson described Harlem as “being taken without violence.”2 The borough was flooded with Southern African-Americans looking for work. They were apt to work in the factories, and would rather that, than work in the Mississippi Valley on cotton farms.3 As the economy began to prosper a distinct African-American middle class began to emerge. This was mainly due to an increase in jobs and education. The increase in education and the emergence of a middle-class began to bring intellectuals to the forefront of the African-American nation. Influential African-American writers, artists, and politicians began to emerge in their respective communities. Harlem became the hub of a social revolution. The African-American culture began to spread. Art, novels, and poems became centers of the African-American community. The white Americans began to notice and acknowledge, these impressive works of art. Jazz music, or the blues, became a worldwide-recognized American music style. The Harlem Renaissance also led to a large change in many political disputes led by leaders such a ...
In this essay, the author
- Describes how the harlem renaissance created a new racial identity for african-americans living in the united states, after the first world war.
- Compares the history and ethnicity of african-americans living in the united states with those of native americans.
- Analyzes how the harlem renaissance exposed african-americans to the accent and way of speaking in the pidgin language.
- Explains that jazz music, also known as the blues, was a symbol for african-american life in the united states.
- Analyzes the influence of the harlem renaissance on african-american culture. langston hughes' fine clothes to the jew and countee cullen's heritage are both extraordinary pieces of poetry.
- Opines that the political and intellectual section of the harlem renaissance is important in establishing a new racial identity.
- Analyzes how the harlem renaissance created a new racial identity for african-americans, and argues that the art, poetry and music brought them together.
- Cites ferguson, section 1, document 11, alain locke, the survey graphic, harlem issue, p.
- Describes ferguson, section 3, document 30, wallace thurman. fire, p.
- Explains that ferguson, section 2, document 17, richard bruce nugent. sahdji, p. 103.
- Explains that ferguson, section 1, document 2, phillip randolph and chandler owen. the new negro- what is he? pp. 39-4220.
1528 wordsRead More - Essay On The Harlem Renaissanceexplanatory essayFew people have heard of the Harlem Renaissance, let alone know what a large impact it had on society today. During World War One, African Americans had fought alongside whites to defeat their enemies. However, they were welcomed home with the same cruel, unfair prejudice as before the war. Although slavery had been abolished long ago, many Caucasians still held a serious grudge against the black population in general. Very little of African American culture had trickled through the enormous racial dam built by Caucasians at that time. However, the 1920’s was a time of extreme cultural reformation for society where blacks began to share their work in art, literature, and other cultural aspects with the changing world. Despite the severe oppression enforced by the white population of America, a period of cultural rebirth occurred in the 1920’s, more commonly known as the Harlem Renaissance.
In this essay, the author
- Describes the harlem renaissance as a period of extreme cultural reformation for society in the 1920s.
- Explains that black soldiers returned to their old daily lives after world war one, seeking a new home where they could be accepted as equals. harlem provided decent, nonsegregated education, and better hope for good employment opportunities.
- Explains how the caucasians made life miserable for african americans by calling them hurtful, cruel names like "nigger," "darky" and "coon." the jim crow laws were passed in southern and border states.
- Explains that negroes on the move flocked to schools in harlem, where even nonsegregated schools began to overflow with african american students. teachers relented the new rush of black students, and treated them unfairly.
- Explains that w.e.b. dubois had an enormous impact on the harlem renaissance. he excelled in academics and married nina gomer in 1886.
- Explains that literature was the most prominent aspect of the harlem renaissance. it took the least time to overcome racial barriers and was a vital tool in speaking out against segregation.
- Explains that the musical revolution came from harlem, the epicenter for black cultural advances since the beginning of the renaissance.
- Explains that african american art was the last reformation during the harlem renaissance. it had rarely addressed prejudice, but that changed once the reformation began.
- Describes how african americans flourished during the harlem renaissance, despite prejudicial laws and feeling cast towards them. they excelled in literature, education, art, and music.
1093 wordsRead More - The Southern Diaspora Analysisanalytical essayThe Southern Diaspora was one of the largest American population movements among the white and black population. From 1900 to 1970 more than 28 million southerners left their home regions in search of better jobs in the cities and suburbs of the North and the West making “the size of the diaspora is the first revelation” (pg. 13). “The Southern Diaspora: How the Great Migrations of Black and White Southerners Transformed America” by James N. Gregory shows the migration of black southerners and whites together to see the connections and differences. Gregory’s main argument is that the southern diaspora greatly influenced contributions to religion, music and politics that shaped America.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how james n. gregory's "the southern diaspora: how the great migrations of black and white southerners transformed america" shows the migration of black southerners and whites to see the connections and differences.
- Analyzes how the diaspora restructured america by "southernizing" the north and the west communities and bringing light to racial inequalities.
- Analyzes how religion played an important cultural impact to northern and western cites through black and white southerners. gregory makes a better case of the impact that african american baptists and protestants have in their communities.
- Analyzes how the southern diaspora changed american pop culture, especially music. the migration brought country music up north from white southern migrants and the development of blues, jazz, and r&b from black musicians.
- Analyzes how gregory addresses how politics reshaped the country. the civil rights era marked a turning point for african american's rights and political involvement.
- Explains that "the southern diaspora" is a great foundation for future learning as gregory brings together over 80 years of white and black migration and details how american culture was forever changed by the impact.
1012 wordsRead More - In the past, Harlem was a vacation spot for wealthy people living in summer homes, however, in 1904 a financial crisis occurred, causing Harlem landowners to loose money. Philip A Paytron lived down the street and bought the leases from the landowners and sold them to african americans and immigrants looking for a cheap place to stay. However, the trickle of African Americans coming into Harlem became a stream as the once mixed district became a predomentaley black area. With a large amount of African Americans in one place the Harlem Renaissance was born as a reaction to the new found space for self expression in Harlem, using music and art to convey their political views and life experiences. However Harlem was not a complete utopia, African Americans still faced discrimination and brutality similar to those in the South.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that harlem was a vacation spot for wealthy people living in summer homes. however, in 1904, the financial crisis caused landowners to lose money.
- Predicts that harlem will increase its african american population as it estimated that more than 200,000 african americans lived in the neighborhoods during the renaissance. the renaissance will affect the format of literature.
- Opines that the harlem renaissance will come to a screeching halt after the 1929 stock market crash, but its effects will live on in american literature and music.
342 wordsRead More - African American Race Relations In Kevin Boyle's Arc Of Justiceanalytical essayOpportunity of economic advancement was one of the greatest draws for African Americans of the South regardless of the conditions they may find. “…warfare wasn’t enough…to stem the flow of migrants out of the south; was better to risk a sudden outburst on the streets of a major city than to face perpetual poverty and oppression in the cotton fields of Alabama or Mississippi,” (Boyle 99). Boyle’s account of history through this time period reflects that white supremacy and ethnocentricity was propelled by the economic ambitions of the African Americans. Boyle thematically leads that African Americans of the South acting to advance their incomes and economic stability by migrating north and filing labor positions of northern labor factories, asserted the race as a root cause of economic depression as viewed by White supremacists. Furthermore, even influential businessmen of this time period found the ambitions of their minority laborers as a threat to the nation’s progress, “Henry Ford raged against Jewish bankers and their Bolshevik Allies, who were conspiring to destroy all that Anglo-Saxon businessmen had built, his fury tinged with longing for those halcyon days when immigrants and Negros knew their place,” (Boyle 7). Consequently, the emergence of the African American demographic within the north propelled segregation nationally as the race moved throughout the country for economic
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how kevin boyle's book, arc of justice, provides a historical account of african american race relations throughout the 1910s, world war i, the 1920s and through the jazz age.
- Analyzes how arc of justice discusses ossian sweet as a significant character in african american history for the events that occurred within the sweet trials.
- Analyzes boyle's account of history through this time period reflects that white supremacy and ethnocentricity was propelled by the economic ambitions of the african americans.
- Analyzes how the changing attitude of the white class within the northern united states showed that the ideals of reconstruction only remained applicable to those that did not part take in the social injustice.
707 wordsRead More - The Reinforcement of Racial Hierarchies in Morrison's "The Bluest Eye" and Neal's "The Black Arts Movement"analytical essayNeal, Larry. “The Black Arts Movement.” The Norton Anthology of African American Literature. Ed. Henry Louis Gates Jr. and Nellie Y. McKay. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004. 2039-2050.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how toni morrison illustrates racial hierarchies through the proliferation of a predominant, societal, white aesthetic and through perceptions associated with physical characteristics in the bluest eye and the black arts movement.
- Analyzes how morrison discusses the reinforcement of racial hierarchies through the perceptions associated with physical characteristics in the bluest eye. hollywood sets the standard for beauty but includes few black people in motion pictures.
- Analyzes how toni morrison relates the white aesthetic in the bluest eye with a paragraph similar to those from the dick and jane reading books.
- Analyzes how larry neal's "the black arts movement" discusses the proliferation of a predominant, societal, white aesthetic, and the danger of not counteracting it.
- Illustrates how race and racial hierarchies are reinforced through the perceptions associated with physical characteristics. the reaction of "all the world" to these "blue-eyed, yellow-haired, pink-skinned" doll babies establishes an awe and beauty.
- Analyzes how morrison illustrates that a racial hierarchy is reinforced through the perceptions associated with physical characteristics by describing the reactions of others to maureen peal.
- Analyzes how morrison illustrates that a racial hierarchy is reinforced through the perceptions associated with physical characteristics. in the bluest eye, pauline confirms the danger of this racially hierarchical line of thinking.
- Concludes that race and racial hierarchies are reinforced through the proliferation of a predominant, societal, white aesthetic and through perceptions associated with physical characteristics.
1403 wordsRead More - Stokely Carmichael's Speech On Black Poweranalytical essayThe fight for equality has been a never-ending battle throughout American History. Stokely Carmichael addressed a speech in 1966 which the term “Black Power” was introduced; during the Black Power Movement they fought for social, political and economic equalities. The goal of Stokely who spoke at UC Berkeley, was to explain to his audience the reality of the lives of African Americans whose rights were limited, and to convince his audience to support the Black Power Movement. His Speech was very successful and full of facts which contained a few rhetorical strategies which are rhetorical questions, analogies, and lastly imagery.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how stokely carmichael's speech was successful and full of facts, rhetorical questions, analogies, and imagery.
- Analyzes how stokely uses rhetorical questions in his speech to get the audience's thoughts active and running as he goes on.
- Analyzes how stokely uses imagery to describe the harsh situations that occurred when african americans attempted to vote.
- Analyzes how the civil rights activists convey the message that whites have excluded them from everything and left them with no social, political or economic rights.
- Analyzes how stokely proves to his audience that african americans are worth more than they are thought of as, and that they deserve the same rights as everyone else in the nation.
512 wordsRead More