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Effect of osmosis
Intracellular and extracellular fluid
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Compartments in the Body The human body is mostly made up of fluid. There are different types of fluid throughout the body that is required for homeostasis. The fluid in the body is separated by cell membranes and capillary membranes. Fluid is stored in the body in intracellular and extracellular compartments. The intracellular fluid (ICF) make up approximately 66% of fluid in the cells. Inside the cells, solutes such as oxygen, electrolytes, and glucose dissolve for the metabolic process. The composition of ICF is primarily potassium. The extracellular compartment holds approximately 33% of fluid that surrounds the outside of the cells in the body. The composition of extracellular fluid is primarily sodium. The extracellular compartment …show more content…
One mechanism utilized for passive transport is diffusion. When the concentration of particles is higher in area the particles diffuse to an area of lower concentration from the constant motion of particles. The rate of diffusion can increase when the temperature of the solution is increased because this causes the motion of molecules to increase. Another mechanism utilized in passive transport is osmosis. Osmosis occurs when water moves to an area of higher concentration to equalize the concentration between the cell membranes. Osmotic pressure is the power a solution has to draw water across the membrane. The higher concentration has more osmotic pressure and draws water across the membrane. In the extracellular compartment, oncotic pressure pulls water from the interstitial compartment to the intravascular compartment to equalize the concentrations and maintain volume in the vascular system. Lastly, filtration is utilized to move fluid and particles together across the membrane. Filtration takes place from a higher pressure to lower pressure. Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure a fluid uses to force fluid from greater pressure to an area of less …show more content…
Through osmosis, water is shifted out of the cells and pulled into the vascular system. Hypertonic solutions provide calories and other electrolytes. Examples of hypertonic solution include 3% saline, D5/0.9% saline, D5/0.45% saline, and D5LR. Isotonic solution An isotonic solution is used to replenish volume from fluid loss. The solution stays in the vascular system to help increase the volume of blood. Examples of isotonic solutions include 0.9% saline, D5/0.225% saline, lactated ringers, whole blood, and packed red blood cells. D5W is also considered isotonic, but quickly converts to hypotonic because the body metabolizes the glucose. Hypotonic solutions Hypotonic fluids are used to expand the intracellular space. Hypotonic solutions provide sodium, and chloride. Other electrolytes and calories are not in hypotonic solutions. Examples of hypotonic solutions include 0.45% saline, 0.225%
Homeostasis is the biological process that maintains a stable internal environment despite what occurs in the external environment. Chemicals and bodily functions are maintained in a balanced state so the body may function optimally. There are various systems in the human body that require maintenance through the processes of biochemical checks and balances so they may function properly. One of these systems includes the rise and fall of blood glucose and is under the control of the homeostatic regulation process. Homeostasis is essential in blood glucose regulation as high blood glucose levels (hyperglycaemia) and low blood glucose levels (hypoglycaemia) are dangerous and can affect the human body in many ways and can also lead
I also predict that solution concentration 0.3 will be isotonic because of the pressure potential. As the water moves into the cell it pushes up against the cell wall this is called the pressure potential and it increases the water potential until an equilibrium is reached, and because the cell is so inelastic it takes very little water to achieve this. That's why I believe in-between 0.3 and 0.4 will be isotonic as it is very close to pure water. Background Information Osmosis - The net movement of water molecules from a region of high water potential to a low water potential, through a selectively
There will be a net movement in these types of solution. The molecules will move from the hypotonic solution into the hypertonic solution. The third way a substance can cross the cell membrane is through facilitated diffusion.
Homeostasis involves the whole body, but certain organs have larger roles in maintaining the balance. The liver and pancreas maintain suitable glucose levels in the blood, with kidneys removing metabolic waste products and maintaining suitable salt and water levels within the blood. The skin and liver help maintain body temperature with lungs controlling oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood and the blood itself transporting the nutrients and waste products around the body.
In life, it is critical to understand what substances can permeate the cell membrane. This is important because the substances that are able to permeate the cell membrane can be necessary for the cell to function. Likewise, it is important to have a semi-permeable membrane in the cell due to the fact that it can help guard against harmful items that want to enter the cell. In addition, it is critical to understand how water moves through the cell through osmosis because if solute concentration is unregulated, net osmosis can occur outside or inside the cell, causing issues such as plasmolysis and cytolysis. The plasma membrane of a cell can be modeled various ways, but dialysis tubing is especially helpful to model what substances will diffuse or be transported out of a cell membrane. The experiment seeks to expose what substances would be permeable to the cell membrane through the use of dialysis tubing, starch, glucose, salt, and various solute indicators. However, before analyzing which of the solutes (starch, glucose, and salt) is likely to pass through the membrane, it is critical to understand how the dialysis tubing compares to the cell membrane.
b) Retention of water leads to a rise in fluid volume and a corresponding rise in blood volume
flow into the cell by osmosis as the interior of the cell has a lower
(1) Isotonic dehydration happens when there is a proportionate loss of water and electrolytes. Therefore, the electrolytes and water loss are in the similar amount or concentration in both intravascular and extravascular compartment. (2) Hypotonic dehydration happens when electrolytes losses are more than waster loss. Due to the low serum electrolyte concentration, intravascular water shifts to extravascular compartment and intensify the intravascular volume depletion. (3) Hypertonic dehydration happens when water loss is greater than electrolyte loss. Due to the high serum electrolyte concentration, extravascular water shifts to intravascular compartment and decreases the intravascular volume depletion. On the other hand, water is pulled from the cells to extracellular space via osmosis. In order to maintain the fluid volume inside the cells, the cells produce active particles to generate osmotic force to pull the water back. If rapidly rehydration is given, it induces large influx of want into the cells and causes cellular swelling and rupture such as cerebral
it allows some molecules to enter and some not to. The membrane allows molecules in through two forms
About 60 percent of the adult body is made up of fluid. In this fluid is a mixture of water and ions. Cells contain fluid (intracellular fluid 1/3) but are also surrounded by fluid (extracellular fluid 2/3). There are two types of extracellular fluids, one is intravascular such as the fluid that helps blood flow throughout the body and the other is interstitial fluid the fluid that surrounds cells inside body tissues. Extracellular fluids are required to bring cells the necessary ions and nutrients to maintain life. For cells to carry out their functions the proper concentrations of ions, oxygen, glucose, amino acids and lipids must be available in the cellular environment. The fluids are also key to the transport of waste products out of the cell and out of the body; a build of these products can kill the cell if allowed to build up. (Guyton & Hall, 2000, p.3-4)
Homeostasis it’s the maintenance of a constant internal environment. It’s how the body keeps conditions inside it the same.
Sodium is the major positive ion in fluid outside of cells (extracellular fluid) and is respo...
The body is made up of many cells (e.g. brain cells). Many specialised cells group up to form a tissue (e.g. blood). Tissues group up to form organs (e.g. the heart), these organs can then conn... ... middle of paper ... ... page 566 Significance of homeostasis
Lastly there’s the vacuole. The vacuole is a closed compartment that’s stores and keeps water inside of the cell. It sometime carries solids that have been engulfed. Vacuoles are formed by fusions of multiple membrane vesicles. They are found in both plant and animal cells, but appear larger in plant cells. Vacuoles have no key shape or size. Its size and shape is based on the need of the cell. The vacuole does more than just store water, it separates materials that can harm the cell, holds waste and small molecules and passes on unwanted
Moreover, water moves inside and around the cell by osmotic pressure within each compartment and pulls fluid from one area to the other. The level of osmotic pressure remains approximately the same in ICF and ECF. Osmotic pressure can also be defined as the attraction of water to