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The beer brewing process
The beer brewing process
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Believed discovered purely by accident, beer has played a huge role in the history of human civilization. In early civilizations, beer was used as a safe source of water and other nutrients and in later years consumed for reasons that are more social. Although the reasons for homebrewing beer have changed, the process has remained primarily the same.
The oldest documentary evidence of beer brewing comes from Uruk in Mesopotamia and dates to about 3500 B.C.E.; found on clay tablets that tell the story of Gilgamesh in Sumerian, written in cuneiform (see fig. 1). The tablets describe how beer was prepared, the different varieties of beer, and how it was consumed. At this time in Mesopotamia, barley was the most important cereal for both humans and animals. The grain was steeped into water and then either air-or oven-dried. After removal of the sprouts, the malt was milled for brewing beer. Then the malt and the beer-breads were mixed with water and heated, after which the vessel was removed from the oven to cool. Before fermentation, spices, herbs, and sweet plant extractives with effects that were believed to be medicinal were added; the augmented sugars and microorganisms from the herbs helped to induce fermentation (Sugar and Spice). Brewers often saved some of the wort from one fermentation to use it as a starter for the next brew. Water was added to the mixture then transferred into a fermentation vessel, which was long and narrow-necked to minimize the mixture of inside and outside air and decrease infection from outside. We do not know how long fermentation lasted, but probably most of the beer was quickly top-fermented into weak ale. (Beer: Origins and Ancient History).
For the ancient Egyptians also, beer was the preemine...
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...ined with free online dictionary, thesaurus, and encyclopedias. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2011. .
"Brewing In Colonial America - Part I." AMERICAN BREWERY HISTORY PAGE. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2011. .
"Five Reasons You Should Homebrew – Beeriety." Beeriety. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2011. .
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Ogle, Maureen. Ambitious brew: the story of American beer. Orlando: Harcourt, 2006. Print.
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Enacting prohibition in a culture so immersed in alcohol as America was not easy. American had long been a nation of strong social drinkers with a strong feeling towards personal freedom. As Okrent remarks, “George Washington had a still on his farm. James Madison downed a pint of whiskey a day”. This was an era when drinking liquor on ships was far safer than the stale scummy water aboard, and it was common fo...
Tom Standage has described the beginnings of six beverages: beer, wine, spirits, coffee, tea, and Coca-Cola and has found many connections, and information helpful in finding out history of the drinks themselves but also their impacts on the growth of civilization as a whole. This book connects everything with society both past and present, it makes learning about history and the way drinks connect fun and interesting. Like learning without even realizing you are. A History of the World in Six Glasses is more than just talking about each beverage as a single but as a whole, it’s connections, uses, relations, and growth they started.
Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d., pp. 113-117. Web. The Web.
The scope of this report is an evaluation of the profitability of each brand. The report does not intend to make recommendations of how invest and promote new products and how to increase brewing capacity.
Understanding the process of brewing will help explain the time limitations of brewing and storing beer, and will ultimately help explain how this tug of war came into existence, as the process of brewing itself is largely responsible for the limited availability of beer early in American history. The process begins with malted barley which is heated to, and held at, a temperature between 60o and 71o C. This process is known as mashing and serves to activate the amylase enzymes which convert the complex starches into fermentable and unfermentable sugars. The wort is then transferred to a boil kettle where hops are introduced and the liquid is boiled extensively to isomerize the bittering oils in the hops. In their isomerized states, these oils will be more soluble and able to impart their bittering qualities into the wort. Finally the wort is chilled as it is transferred into a fermenter and yeast is added to begin the fermentation. The fermenter is sealed from the environment to prevent oxygen, which would stop fermentation, from entering. Fermentation must then be carried out at cool temperatures – about 18o C when using ale yeast and much colder when using lager yeast. Fermentation above these temperatures will still occur but yields an unpalatable product. These temperature requirements made beer a seasonal beverage and limited storage prior to the advent of mechanical refrigeration.
Once people wanted a drink, nothing stopped them. Subsequently, prohibition sparked American ingenuity to step to the forefront. A black market emerged, as brewing beer making wine, and distilling whiskey, became a national past time. Enterprising home brewers could make enough Home brew, Dago Red, Bathtub Gin or Moonshine to quench their thirst and to sell as well. Therefore, stills begin popping up in basements, barns, backrooms, and the deep woods. Both Canada and Mexico were wet, and their border towns offered many opportunities for thirsty Americans to quench their thirst. Ships anchored outside the three-mile limit on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, loaded with alcohol becoming floating bars and nightclubs. Additional ships offered cases of alcohol spirits only to the professional rumrunners. Illegal liquor grew to such an extent that enforcement became virtually impossible.
The author gives an elaborate explanation on the history of the beer and how the beer has led to the development of human civilization. The article has a lot of outside sources such as researches and theories that support the author’s point. According to this article, beer has played an important role in human civilization and the article points out a lot of examples on how beer was important to the people of the people for a lot of purposes. This article also uses some credible information from the research to explain how the beer was made and how it was first discovered. Finally, the article proves the point that beer has helped to improve the human
The name for the process of fermentation comes from ‘fervere’, the Latin word meaning “to boil”. Early observers of the process assigned this name to it because as fermentation occurred in barrels containing crushed grapes, being used to create wine, bubbles were produced making it appear as though the mixture were boiling. Yeasts have been secretly creating alcoholic (fermented) beverages since ancient times in Asia, Egypt, Babylon, and many other early civilizations. However, no one knew what made the process work and what made the creation of such fermented beverages possible. When people think of traditional wine makers, it is not uncommon to picture someone standing in a large bucket mashing up grapes with their feet. These ancient wine makers realized that for some odd r...
Throughout the study of how beer changed civilization, I have come to realized the way “A History Of The World In 6 Glasses” explains the founding of beer and the positive impact it has left on the beginnings of civilization very accurately. Beer truly has impacted civilization due to the many positive opportunities beer has led society to. The alcoholic beverage surprisingly was the reason mathematics was invented. The farmers would have to calculate who’s crop land was who’s, so the required measuring and diving up land. It is hard to believe that a very common beverage that is served at every restaurant basically led to the invention of mathematics. Now a days mathematics is used on a day to day basis for almost every human being. After extensive research it is safe to say the the founding
If one was to look at colonial America with no knowledge of the future, the thought of millions of people promoting alcohol regulation and abstinence would be unimaginable. As hard as it is to assign general characteristics to colonial America, it is clearly evident that alcoholic beverages were extensive in consumption, to the point where they were among the main forms of liquid nourishment. It was so extensive that "Estimates for 1790, at the end of the colonial period, place per capita consumption of absolute alcohol (the alcohol content of alcoholic beverages) at three gallons, about one and a half times the amount of per capita consumption in the United States today. Despite staggering consumption rate, the relatively high level of per capita consumption failed to produce widespread concern about drinking.
The Brewing Process Beer is an industrial product. A brewery is literally a beer factory in which the brewer takes advantage of and manipulates natural processes to create the perfect growth medium for yeast. On the surface the brewing process is simple. But it you look a little deeper you find that there is a complex set of chemical reactions at work in the creation of beer.
In the 1600's and 1700's, the American colonists drank large quantities of beer, rum, wine, and hard cider. These alcoholic beverages were often safer to drink than impure water or unpasteurized milk and also less expensive than coffee or tea. By the 1820's, people in the United States were drinking, on the average, the equivalent of 7 gallons of pure alcohol per person each year (“drinkingprohibition” 1). As early as the seventeenth century, America was showing interest towards prohibition. Some people, including physicians and ministers, became concerned about the extent of alcohol use (“There was one...” 1). They believed that drinking alcohol damaged people's health and moral behavior, and promoted poverty. People concerned about alcohol use u...
Pearsall, J. (ed) 1999, The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Oxford University Press, New York, p. 1209.
Web. The Web. The Web. 17 Feb. 2014. The "Free Automatic Bibliography and Citation Generator." EasyBib.com - a free online library.
The New International Webster's Pocket Dictionary of the English Language. Naples, FL: Trident International, 2002. Print