Hologram In Ila

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SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU FAKULTET ELEKTROTEHNIKE I RAČUNARSTVA SEMINAR Izrada transmisijskog holograma Martin Tomac Voditelj: Ana Sović Zagreb, travanj, 2014. Sadržaj 1. Uvod 1 2. Seminarski rad 2 3. Zaključak 3 4. Literatura 4 5. Sažetak 5 1. Uvod U ovom seminarskom radu ću objasniti kako se može izraditi transmisijski hologram. Holografija je još tehnologija u svojim začecima, no ujedno je i jedna od obećavajućih budućih tehnologija koja će u budućnosti tek poprimiti puni potencijal. Objasniti ću ukratko što je to holografija općenito, te koja je razlika u odnosu na fotografiju. Nakon toga se pobliže orijentiram na transmisijske holograme. Pokazati što je sve potrebno i kako izraditi i prikazivati transmisijske holograme, njihove prednosti i nedostatke, te na kraju fizikalno i matematičko objašnjenje. 2. Holografija Holografija je tehnika koja omogućuje izradu trodimenzionalnih slika odnosno holograma. Slika se mijenja kako se mijenja pozicija i orijentacija mjesta promatranja. Mijenja upravo onako kako bi se mijenjala da je objekt još uvijek prisutan. Iako se doima da holografija i fotografija imaju puno dodirnih točaka to ipak nije slučaj. Da bismo bolje razumjeli holografiju dobro je proučiti razliku između holografije i fotografije. Hologram tj. medij na kojeg snimamo tzv. holograme, nije ništa drugo nego vrlo fini fotografski film koji bi se ujedno mogao koristiti i za tradicionalnu crno-bijelu fotografiju. Fotografija je postupak stvaranja slikovnog zapisa, koji sadrži informaciju, pomoću svjetlosti koja upada na film. Tim postupkom stvara se tzv. fotogram. Fotogram dakle sadrži slikovnu informaciju o objektu kojeg se htjelo pohraniti. Fotogram je iz povijesnih razloga zadržao naziv fotogr... ... middle of paper ... ...nstvenik Dennis Gábor iako tada nije bila izvediva. Transmisijski hologrami su jednostavno izvedivi, te vrlo zanimljivi hologrami. Za izradu transmisijskog holograma potreban nam je par leći i ogledala (bar dva para), laser, djelitelj laserskog snopa, objekt koji snimamo te hologramsko platno ili filmska traka. Koherentna svjetlost iz lasera se dijeli na objektnu zraku i na referentnu zraku. Svjetlost s osvjetljenog objekta, kojeg osvjetljuje objektna zraka preko ogledala, i referentna svjetlost formiraju interferencijski uzorak na filmu . Taj uzorak odnosno hologramski zapis sadrži informacije o objektu koji će se moći prikazati kao trodimenzionalna slika. Sliku prikazujemo na način da obasjamo laserskom svjetlošću interferencijski uzorak odnosno hologram koji je nastao prilikom izrade transmisijskog holograma. Kako obasjavamo, uzorak rekonstruira drugu zraku.

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