South Sudan, the world's newest Country, howbeit rich in natural resources such as oil and agricultural land is still one of the poorest nations in the world. As a new nation lacking a history of formal institutions, rule of law or even an administration accepted as legitimate by its society, South Sudan has to build everything from the ground up. (World Bank, 2013) Core administrative structures and proper means of political representation were just starting to appear as internal conflicts emerged almost leading to another civil war. In the two and a half years fallowing its independence, South Sudan has received more than $4.3 billion dollars in humanitarian and development aid from the international community. (Osborne) Besides the development and humanitarian aid that South Sudan receives, the economy is almost entirely dependent on the oil sector.
Officially becoming an independent nation on July 9,2011, South Sudan seceded from the Republic of Sudan as a result of a referendum held in January of 2011. (Fisher, 2013) South Sudan was given the choice to hold a referendum as a result of the compromise peace agreement made in 2005 between Sudan and the rebels from South Sudan. (BBC, 2014) The region had been experiencing conflict and turmoil since 1955, around the time when Sudan was about to gain independence from the joint British and Egyptian rule. The main reason South Sudan wanted to secede from the republic of Sudan was because the authorities in Khartoum at the time backed out of promises of creating a federal system giving the southern region of Sudan some autonomy and because they tried to impose an Islamic/Arabic identity on the nation as a whole. (BBC, 2014)
The civil war came to a halt in 1972 with the Addis Ababa...
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...on trying to find large-scale investors for new oil exploration while trying to find alternatives means of exporting oil instead of through Sudan. (Shankleman, 2014) So if the nation's economy can get back on track and peace can once again be established in the region, there is still hope that the nation's economy can grow. Some recommendations made in order to bring the nation back on track to economic growth are: (1) the nation needs to implement the proposed Petroleum Revenue Management Act, in order to build a more modern oil sector, (2) South Sudan needs to extend the deal with Sudan on the use of their export pipelines should, this way they can start to export oil from new finds quickly and so use revenues earned to finance a new pipeline, and (3) South Sudan needs to eliminate corruption and build up credibility as a reliable investment. (Shankleman, 2014)
Historical Background South Sudan’s battle for independence stems back from the era of British Imperialism. Fighting to remain and gain their independence since the late 1800’s, Sudan finally became fully independent in 1956, freeing itself from combined Egyptian-British rule. A poorly assembled constitution began the long history of violence that continues to define Sudan and South Sudan today. The constitution ignored several essential issues that divided the country. The first issue being the
ruled by the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, invaded the Sudan region 1820. Egypt united the independent kingdoms that made up Sudan leading to the spread of Islam and Arabic culture throughout the North. South Sudan was landlocked with mountains, tropical rainforests and marshes, which separated the now Islamic and Arab North and the diverse Traditional African South. However, the slave trade became active by the northerners to the inhabitants of South Sudan, which inspired an ill will and mistrust towards
Sudan, in ancient times was the kingdom of Nubia. Nubia was Egyptian, ruled around 2600 B.C. Sudan has had quite a diverse and interesting past shaping the country to what we now call Sudan. From the civil, war of the National Islamic Front and the People’s Liberation Army to the discovery of oil. Southern and Northern Sudan is rich in history, culture, and population diversity. I picked Sudan to learn more about my friends, and to put meaning to what they went through as United State refugees. We
Force of South Sudan would be highly privileged to grant their recommendations in an attempt to try truly understand South Sudan struggles that they have been battling ever since 1899. With all due to the respect of the South Sudanese civilians, our task force will genuinely ponder on what we believe would best suit the nation's current status. As well as provide a proposal that allows for the country to not only continue to grow but thrive and prosper. With the previous issues, Sudan has faced
where the human tread persist in this days, Sudan has been facing the slavery problem since twenty century. Most slaves were initially captured in wars or kidnapped in isolated raids, but some were sold into slavery trade by their parents as a means of surviving extreme conditions. However, Sudan slavery is unique though it was not based on any of the traditional reasons for enslavement. Instead, Slavery was based on a new concept because modern day. Sudan government was involved in backing and arming
2005 states, “The conflict in the Sudan is the longest running conflict in Africa… it has caused tragic loss of life, destroyed the infrastructure of the country, eroded its economic resources and caused suffering to the people of the Sudan” (“Sudan” Insight). Sudan faced the challenge of overcoming the ethnic division between Northern Sudan’s Arab heritage and Southern Sudan’s African heritage. Southern Sudan was isolated from the Northern region, which prevented Sudan from fully participating in the
and Central Africa ethnic fighting and mass genocide has run rampant. Clashes between, diverse ethnic and cultural people has caused instability, these mass humanitarian disasters that can no longer be ignored. With the help of other nations South Sudan can go from another mass genocide waiting to happen, to a region supplier of much needed resources, with the help of other nations. In the 1990’s Rwanda genocide was basically ignored by the United States government and because of this hundreds
of causes which what happened in South Sudan. “Famine Looms in South Sudan, South Sudan is experiencing the world’s worst food security crisis, caused by drought, and by man-made conflict.” (editorials.voa.gov).United Nation has tried to resolve this problem but it was worthless. Finding
History of South Sudan South Sudan, officially The Republic of South Sudan country created by spliting Sudan, as the world’s newest and youngest country, where it's said to be there's more than 50 etnic groups alongside with almost 90 local languages, was created, or announced as an independent state on the 9th of July 2011, while a referendum passed with over 98% population being for its independence . The population is about 12,340,000 inhabitans.Diversions and distinctions of etnicity, languages
Sudan has known conflict for most of its existence. The discovery of oil in 1979 served to heighten this conflict as north and south fought over valuable resources. In more recent years human rights violations and genocide have occurred in unsurpassed numbers with the Sudanese governments support. Sudanese President Umar al-Bashir is the first sitting head of state with an issued arrest warrant by the International Criminal Court for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. In July 2011
intensified, first as resistance, then rebellion, and finally an armed struggle for Eritrean national liberation that persisted until 1991. In October 1954, Sudan also voted for independence from its Egyptian and British colonizers. However, the people of South Sudan did not want to be subject to their historically cruel neighbors in Northern Sudan. They wanted to be given autonomy in a federal system, or they insisted on self-determination, including the possibility of independence from the North
part in the creation of its economic model. Therefore, the colonial and occupation history is important to set the foundation for its economic
world, South Sudan has faced a long list of hardships due to this nation's geographic profile. Situated in eastern Africa, South Sudan borders Ethiopia to the east, Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south, the Central African Republic to the west, and its former counterpart Sudan to its north. About the size of Texas with half its population, South Sudan is a relatively spread out country with 84% of its population living rurally in 2013. As of 2014 South Sudan had a population
Juba, the capital of South Sudan, will soon be transformed from a dirty slum into a modern city in the shape of a rhinoceros. Wau, another large city, will take the shape of a giraffe. The world’s newest nation is moving forward with these innovative changes, although it is just emerging from a bloody and troubling recent history. After 56 years of fighting, South Sudan is finally free from the government of North Sudan. As a new country, it struggles—resembling the way the boys struggled in Golding’s
South Sudanese independence thus far has been quite detrimental than beneficial to the people of South Sudan. On July 9, 2011, the 54th African state was born. Independence was fought to fight challenges that, as part of Sudan it endured for 56 years; however its current state has brought about challenges from within . This essay will discuss a brief history of Sudan and South Sudan and then analyse President Salva kiir’s speech in contrast to Former Nelson Mandelas’. In 1956 Sudan gained independence