Hayden Austin
Physics
Mrs. Newman
May 21, 2014
The Mystery of The God Particle
The Higgs boson or God Particle as the media likes to call it has been eluding physicists very well up until last year when researchers were able to find remnants of this very unstable particle using the Large Hadron Collider. The Higgs particle was first theorized in 1964 by Peter Higgs, unfortunately the technology required to test this theory was only recently built. Though the much is still unknown scientists believe that they have at least proven the existence of the Higgs boson. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle associated with the Higgs field. It is very important because certain subatomic particles’ masses wouldn’t be able to be explained otherwise. We know it exists due to recent experimentation indicating its existence and it was so hard to discover due to the massive amounts of energy required to create the particle.
The Higgs boson is an elementary particle meaning we don’t know whether or not it is made up of smaller particles or if so what those particles are. It is a boson with no electric charge, color charge, or spin. It is projected as being very massive for a subatomic particle, being 100 times more massive than a proton (Achenbach, 2). We see the Higgs particle as the visible aspect of the Higgs field. The Higgs field is a field made up of countless Higgs bosons that permeates the entire universe constantly acting with other particles (Lincoln). Through this constant contact the Higgs field gives most particles, that would be otherwise massless, the property of mass. It is a field of energy so it only gives these particles relative mass. The relative mass is transferred from the field to the particles rather than just bei...
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... large. Another difficulty in finding the particle was the size of the Higgs boson. It is much larger than many other subatomic particles and therefore you need a very large amount of matter in order to create this boson.
The discovery of the Higgs particle was a great and very helpful event. This has been one of the largest scientific discoveries of the century and hopefully is a foreshadowing of great things to come. The media sensationalized the discovery of “The God Particle” but didn’t feel so inclined to share what the particle actually was. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle that makes up the Higgs field. This particle is so important because its discovery proved many theories most thought to be true in the field of particle physics. The discovery of this particle was so difficult because of the amount of energy required and the size of the particle.
The Higgs Boson is a subatomic particle, such as that has zero or no spin and follows the statistical description given by S. N. Bose and Einstein. The Higgs Boson theory was discovered in 1964 by a Dr. name Peter Higgs who came up with the idea of the Higgs field which keeps everything in balance and keeps electrons from flying everywhere. When the Higgs Boson theory first came out to other scientist they all thought that Mr. Higgs was crazy because they knew that gravity held everything in its place and that electrons couldn’t escape. The Higgs Boson is what gives other particles it mass because it combines them together to give them mass, but the mass isn’t just given to them they have to enter the Higgs Field. When Peter Higgs first thought of the theory everyone thought he was just saying things until he came up with an equation that solved his theory and soon every scientist started to figure out what is it, how it worked, what’s its purpose. Mr. Higgs was certain that his theory was real and that other particles got mass from the Higgs Field which is made of the Higgs Boson. The Higgs Boson was recently discovered in 2012 at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at Cern, in Switzerland.
Quantum mechanics describes several objects and phenomena that seem strange and are difficult to understand. Among these are quanta “chunks” of energy; the wave-particle duality of matter; and the uncertainty principle which limits what we can know about objects. In 1927, German physicist Werner Heisenberg discovered a general characteristic of quantum mechanics, the uncertainty principle. According to this principle, it is impossible to precisely describe both the location and the momentum of a particle at the same time, therefore it affects the attempts to measure a particle’s location and
Even back in Isaac Newton's time, scientist speculated such an object existed. So many questions had been answered by the discovery of this mysterious object, yet so many more generated.
Most people see particles as protons, neutrons, and electrons “matter” particles, and their antiparticles are then “antimatter.” The term matter is then extended to include all quarks, all negatively charged leptons, and left handed neutrinos. Anti-matter is any particle built from Antiquarks, positively charged leptons, and right handed neutrinos. A particle made from quarks like baryon is called matter. Just as a particle made from antiquarks such as the antibaryon is called anti matter. For bosons there is no way to distinct matter and antimatter.
Note: The first seconds of the universe were pure energy. That energy was transformed into the matter and energy that is recognizable today. Einstein’s notable equation, E=MC2, predicted the relationship between energy and mass. In other words, energy is equal to mass, multiplied by the speed of light squared.
In 1953, Dr. Francis Crick and James Watson discovered the structure of the DNA molecule. This is the molecule which we now know stores the genetic information for all life. Many scientists have claimed the discovery to be the single most important development in biology during the 20th century. Watson and Crick's investigation into the nature of the genetic code and the passing of information from generation to generation has redefined the study of genetics. Also, it has basically created the science of molecular biology. For their outstanding work, James Watson and Dr. Francis Crick were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize.
Quarks Quarks- any group of subatomic particles believed to be among the basic components of matter Quarks are believed to be the fundamental constituents of matter, and have no apparent structure. They are the particles that make up protons and neutrons, which make up the nucleus of atoms. Also, particles that interact by means of the strong force, the force that holds parts of the nucleus together, are explained in terms of quarks. Other baryons are explained in terms of quarks (1985 Quarks). Quarks have mass and exhibit spin, the type of intrinsic angular momentum corresponding to rotation around an axis, equal to half the basic quantum mechanical unit of angular momentum, obeying Pauli's exclusion principle.
Particle Physics plays an important role in attempting to answer many modern cosmological theories, notably: dark matter, structure formation, baryogenesis and nucleosynthesis. I am going to discuss some of connections between particle physics and cosmology and investigate how experimental particle physics and cosmology can complement each other and how dependable the connections are.
A particle accelerator is a machine that accelerates particles, such as a proton or electron, to extremely high energies. These particles are accelerated to about the speed of light and the only difference between a weak particle accelerator and a strong one is that the stronger particle accelerator’s particles will have more kinetic energy. All particle accelerators have the same 3 basic parts, a source of ions, a tube pumped to a vacuum where the particles can travel, and a way of speeding up the particles. The use of particle accelerators are good and can help scientist better understand the universe and subatomic particle relations.
In March, Einstein creates the quantum theory of light, the idea that light exists as tiny packets, or particles, that we now call photons. Alongside Max Planck's work on quanta of heat, and Niels Bohr's later work on quanta of matter, Einstein's work anchors the most shocking idea in twentieth century physics: we live in a quantum universe, one built out of tiny, discrete chunks of energy and matter.
The greatest discoveries do not come from a single source. It takes many different sources coming together as one, a compilation of information to lead to a significant discovery. For example, in what seemed like a race for the double helix, several different scientists had to make excellent progress in their works. all of the different discoveries related to the broad subject of dna had to be mended together in order for the final discovery of the true structure of DNA. to come about.
Discoveries in DNA, cell biology, evolution, and biotechnology have been among the major achievements in biology over the past 200 years, with accelerated discoveries and insight’s over the last 50 years. Consider the progress we have made in these areas of human knowledge. Present at least three of the discoveries you find to be the most important and describe their significance to society, health, and the culture of modern life. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a self-replicating molecule or material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent in chromosomes. It encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses.
So according to the M-theory, if the Higgs singlet only travels in a fifth dimension, time in our Universe is not of consequence to the particle. Therefore it could be created by the collider in the fifth dimension, and when it decays, its "decay particles" will be detected at an arbitrary time.
The Big Bang Theory is the approved model that scientists use to describe the beginning and original evolution of the universe. The Big Bang created all of the matter and energy in the universe, including hydrogen and helium. A few of the light atoms were forged into the cores of stars, over billions of years, or through violent explosions of supernovae
Quantum mechanics has been around for at least a century and for about half of those years it has been widely rejected. When scientist finally saw its potential, they opened up to the idea and started creating many new experiments and finding out the great answers to the biggest questions in life. Scientists will continue to make amazing advancements in quantum mechanics and may be able to one day figure out a way to improve our lives with some of the greatest technology that mankind has ever seen.