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Drug abuse during pregnancy research paper
Effects of drug abuse during pregnancy
Drug abuse during pregnancy research paper
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If more people were aware of the dangers of heroin use, such as using while pregnant, while on prescribed medications, with dirty needles, or even possible death, more people would be likely to not partake in the use of the drug. An estimated 3.7 million people had used heroin at some time in their life, as of 2005. Over 119,000 of the people surveyed reported using it within the month preceding the survey. Heroin is an illegal, highly addictive drug. It is the most abused and quickest way to get a high from the opiates. An opiate is a drug with morphine-like effects, derived from opium. Heroin comes from morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the seed pod of certain varieties of poppy plants. Heroin can be in the form of white or brownish powder, or a black sticky substance known as “black tar heroin.” Purer heroin is becoming more popular on the streets. Most of the street heroin is “cut,” or laced, with other drugs or substances such as sugar, starch, powdered milk, or quinine. Quinine is a bitter crystalline compound present in cinchona bark, used as a tonic and formerly as an ant malarial drug. Most heroin abusers do not know the actual strength or content of the drug which puts them at a greater risk of overdose or death. Behavioral signs and symptoms of heroin abuse include lying or other deceptive behavior, avoiding eye contact, loss of motivation and lack of interest, decreasing attention to hygiene and physical appearance, and more. Once a user has become fully addicted to heroin, they will do anything to get their hands on the drug. They don’t care who they get the money from, if they have to beg for it or steal it. Some addicts even lose their family, friends, car, house, and more because of their ... ... middle of paper ... ...d syrups. Production and sales had climbed tremendously, as with the increased use. Meperidine, brand name Demerol, could be crushed, injected, snorted, or smoked. As of 2005, this drug is one of the top ten drugs reported in the drug abuse deaths in the United States. On the street, meperidine is called the “drug store heroin.” Heroin poses many threats, not just to the user, but to the people around them. If a woman is pregnant and she is abusing heroin it could affect the unborn child. The baby could have decreased birth weight, prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation and neonatal withdrawals, and possible death, are some of the effects on the fetus. If the mother used dirty needles while abusing heroin, she could have contracted hepatitis C or HIV, which she can pass on to the baby. The baby could have poor nourishment, vitamin deficiencies, or anemia.
The documentary Heroin Cape Cod, USA focused on the widespread abuse of pain medication such as Vicodin, Percocet, and Oxycodone that has led the U.S. into the rise of an opiate addiction. Many of the users within the video explained that it doesn’t matter where you go, there is no stopping, and you can’t just get high once. Instead, those who do it want that high forever. I think that this is a very important concept that those who aren’t addicted to drugs need to understand, no matter how hard it is to. The documentary featured many addicts including Marissa who first popped pills when she was 14 years old, Daniel who stated he started by snorting pixie sticks, and Arianna who started smoking weed and drinking before age 12. Additionally, the documentary interviewed Ryan and Cassie. These addicts explained that in Cape Cod you either work and you’re normal, or you do drugs.
The documentary states that over 27,000 deaths a year are due to overdose from heroin and other opioids. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2015 prescription pain relievers account for 20,101 overdose deaths, and 12,990 overdose deaths are related to heroin (Rudd et al., 2010-2015). The documentary’s investigation gives the history of how the heroin epidemic started, with a great focus on the hospice movement. We are presented with the idea that once someone is addicted to painkillers, the difficulty in obtaining the drug over a long period of time becomes too expensive and too difficult. This often leads people to use heroin. This idea is true as a 2014 survey found that 94% of respondents who were being treated for opioid addiction said they chose to use heroin because prescription opioids were “more expensive and harder to obtain (Cicero et al., 2014).” Four in five heroin users actually started out using prescription painkillers (Johns, 2013). This correlation between heroin and prescription painkiller use supports the idea presented in the documentary that “prescription opiates are heroin prep school.”
In the YouTube video titled “Heroin Dangers – Mayo Clinic” the affects of heroin are explained, it is derived from morphine and is highly addictive. It can be smoked or injected; when it’s injected it can be very dangerous. It enters the brain and then stimulates the brain to release dopamine. The high will last about a thirty minutes on average. The problem is that it also can be contaminated with dangerous substances. There have been deaths in several states because of the contaminants that have been found in heroin. The respiratory system can be slowed down which can cause the heart to stop and can lead to death. After heroin usage there is a very quick spike of dopamine levels, so this is a reinforcement for the user that will cause
The sign the of opioid addiction are vague and hard to recognize sometimes the sign are according
One type of ruthless drug is called as heroin which can deeply affect a human’s behavior. Heroin is an illegal but highly addictive drug that is processed from morphine, a substance which occurs naturally and can be taken out from the seed pod of poppy plants. It inhibits the central nervous system. The effects of heroin addicts are of course b...
In this episode of intervention they follow Dallas, a twenty-one year old heroin addict. At the time of the documentary, Dallas had been living on the streets for four years with her boyfriend, Jason, who was also a heroin addict. Dallas had been addicted to heroin for five years – with this many years of abuse the veins in her arms and hands had become overused, they were sore and leaky. Because of this Dallas had moved to injecting heroin into her femoral vein, a very dangerous act. With one slip of her needle she could hit the femoral artery and bleed out. But most of all there was the danger of her enduring addiction; chronic heroin use can lead to liver disease, respiratory failure and death.
The perspectives in these pieces of writings are alike in a variety of ways. “Nearly 500,000 Americans are now using heroin, up from 161,000 in 2007. Deaths caused by heroin overdoses more than tripled in four
“A study from the University of Edinburgh autopsied the brains of 34 opiate abusers (they were using heroin or methadone).” This activity helped them understand the causes that heroin is inducing in the vital organ that carries all functioning activities the brain. When the university started these studies they wanted people whose brains didn't have any head or anytype of brain injury.When they obtained the results of this experiment they were shocked to see that “the brain showed brain damage similar to the early stages of Alzheimer’s.” Not only does the brain experience early stages of Alzheimers, but also the abuse of heroin can start to deteriorate the brain. When the brain is at deterioration stage it can cause permanent severe damage. Deterioration of the brain is like soggy food it makes the brain spongy “resulting in overall weakness, spastics attacks and permanent hand tremor.” If you are left with these permanent symptoms then how do you expect to sustain yourself when you're older? Heroin can also cause slurred speech and emotional damage like “depression and lack of
The piece that I think more powerfully demonstrates the effect of heroin on individuals and or relationships is “Heroin/e”. The reason for this is because it demonstrated the physical frustration and the craving of the drug an addict will experience. It illustrated the damage it does to the physical body. The story talks about the condition of Joe because of his constant intake of heroine. It talks about how the narrator was no longer attracted to him because he is no longer the smart and sexy young man that she had met. Joe’s skin was full of scabs, he was a junkie, and he was very thin. The story states that Joe no longer cared about himself. This was all due to his heroin addiction. The narrators estranged husband also talked about how she
Heroin, also known as diamorphine, is an opiate typically used as a recreational drug. Medically it is used to relieve pain and as a form of opioid replacement therapy alongside counseling. Heroin is typically injected, usually into a vein. However, it can also be smoked, snorted or inhaled. Heroin purity has been classified into four grades. Number 4 is the purest form, white powder (salt) to be easily dissolved and injected. Number 3 is “brown sugar” for smoking (base). Number 1 and number 2 are unprocessed raw heroin (salt and/or
For one, addiction would be the biggest problem due to a person's need for more and more opioids in order to function. Opioid abuse has also been known to weaken a person's immune system and in turn making they more likely to get sick. Also, if a person did not die from a opioid related overdose, they could end up in a coma because of it. Even if a person were to stop using opioids all together, they could have lifelong health problems due to their previous use of opioids. This is more common with the opioid Heroin since it is often used by syringe. Many Heroin users have contracted HIV/AIDS as well as Hepatitis because they tend to share needles with other people who may have these diseases.
More than 3 decades ago, America’s opioid epidemic began taking shape. Although based on good intentions and pharmaceutical propaganda, an upsurge in prescription narcotics for pain treatment is credited with the reemergence of the deadly illicit substance: heroin. According to the CDC (2018), more than 48,000 people died in 2016 (the last full statistical data year) from unintentional drug overdose, with more than 84% of these overdoses directly related to an opioid substance, making it the leading cause of accidental death, surpassing automobile accidents and even some forms of cancer. Even more alarming, heroin is killing our youth in unprecedented numbers.
Once people get addicted they suffer from plenty of problems. Mothers who are pregnant that abuse opioids are seeing that their babies are “suffering from neonatal "addiction"--babies who are physiologically dependent on opioids, though not technically addicted, and who require careful weaning with small doses of methadone, an anti-addiction drug(Sally Satel).” More people are being killed from overdoses since they are so addicted. Since 1999, the addiction rates of opioids has caused “200,000 Americans [to die] from overdoses connected to OxyContin and similar prescription opioids. Addicts who can no longer source or afford prescription drugs often turn to heroin(Xan Rice).” Since people are turning towards heroin they are now starting to buy from dealers and could get infected due to sharing needles. People are starting to notice the amount of people that die from suicide, drugs and opioids, alcohol, and drug related diseases is rising. The “deaths of despair(Xan Rice)”, deaths from suicide, drugs, etc., are starting to rise dramatically and are causing people to want to to more about what is happening. Opioids once abused start taking a toll on a user’s
The American Psychological Association’s DSM V (2013) defines substance use as disorders that result from recurrent use of alcohol and/or drugs, causing clinically and functionally significant impairment such as health problems, disability, and failure to meet major responsibilities at work, school or home (SAMHSA, Substance Use Disorders, 2015). Substance abuse disorders have increasingly come to the forefront of the national conversation due to rising rates of opioid abuse and overdose in the United States. Following stricter monitoring of previously over-prescribed pain relievers, addicted populations have turned to heroin as a readily available and affordable alternative (CDC, 2016a; Perdue, Sherba, Gersper, & Martt,
There are many addictions in the world, and drug addiction is the biggest. People may experiment with the drug for many reasons. “If your drug use is causing problems in your life, then you likely have a drug abuse or addiction problem”.(Lawrence Robinson pg.1) Many people start out using drugs by peer pressure or out of their own curiosity. Stress, anxiety, lows self-esteem and depression could be another factor to start using drugs. The drug takes over your body and gives you a good feeling that many people tend to enjoy. The urge to use the drug can keep increasing rapidly after the first use. The urge can become so severe that your mind can find many other ways to deny the factor of addiction. Very few drug addicts can feel and realize when they have crossed the line with drugs. A drug addicts mind can build up a very large tolerance for the drug that they start to abandon the activities they used to do on a daily basis like showering, hobbies, socializing and even being associated with family members. The person with the addiction will continue to use the drug knowing that it is harming there body, but they don’t have any remorse. A drug addict will often try to hide their problem, so they can continue to use without anyone’s input. Family and friends may try to use preaching methods or tell the user that they need to stop using the drug. This method is not ...